Analysing Turkiye's Migration Phenomenon through Convergence Clubs and Identifying the Factors Affecting Convergence Clubs

This study aims to examine the club convergence of migration rate at the NUTS-3 level (81 provinces) in Turkiye and to identify the factors that influence the formation of these clubs. For this purpose, the Phillips-Sul (2007) log t convergence procedure was used to investigate whether the migration rate exhibits club convergence with the data covering 2008-2022. No absolute convergence is found for the entire panel. Eighty-one provinces form three categories of clubs. The generalised ordered logit model was estimated to determine the factors affecting the club membership of provinces. According to the findings, increases in per capita income, health facilities, commercial activities and the number of children increase the probability of being in a higher club, while increases in schooling rate and population density decrease this probability.