Çanakkale Onsekiz Mart Üniversitesi Kurumsal Akademik Arşivi
DSpace@ÇOMÜ, Çanakkala Onsekiz Mart Üniversitesi tarafından doğrudan ve dolaylı olarak yayınlanan; kitap, makale, tez, bildiri, rapor, araştırma verisi gibi tüm akademik kaynakları uluslararası standartlarda dijital ortamda depolar, Üniversitenin akademik performansını izlemeye aracılık eder, kaynakları uzun süreli saklar ve telif haklarına uygun olarak Açık Erişime sunar.
Güncel Gönderiler
Mortality analysis of COVID-19 infection in chronic kidney disease, haemodialysis and renal transplant patients compared with patients without kidney disease: a nationwide analysis from Turkey
(Oxford University Press, 2021) Özturk, Savaş; Turgutalp, Kenan; Arıcı, Mustafa; Odabaş, Ali Rıza; Altıparmak, Mehmet Rıza; Aydın, Zeki; Bakırdöğen, Serkan
Background. Chronic kidney disease (CKD) and immunosuppression, such as in renal transplantation (RT), stand as one of the established potential risk factors for severe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Case morbidity and mortality rates for any type of infection have always been much higher in CKD, haemodialysis (HD) and RT patients than in the general population. A large study comparing COVID-19 outcome in moderate to advanced CKD (Stages 3-5), HD and RT patients with a control group of patients is still lacking. Methods. We conducted a multicentre, retrospective, observational study, involving hospitalized adult patients with COVID-19 from 47 centres in Turkey. Patients with CKD Stages 3-5, chronic HD and RT were compared with patients who had COVID-19 but no kidney disease. Demographics, comorbidities, medications, laboratory tests, COVID-19 treatments and outcome [in-hospital mortality and combined in-hospital outcome mortality or admission to the intensive care unit (ICU)] were compared. Results. A total of 1210 patients were included [median age, 61 (quartile 1-quartile 3 48-71) years, female 551 (45.5%)] composed of four groups: Control (n = 450), HD (n = 390), RT (n = 81) and CKD (n = 289). The ICU admission rate was 266/ 1210 (22.0%). A total of 172/1210 (14.2%) patients died. The ICU admission and in-hospital mortality rates in the CKD group [114/289 (39.4%); 95% confidence interval (CI) 33.9-45.2; and 82/289 (28.4%); 95% CI 23.9-34.5)] were significantly higher than the other groups: HD = 99/390 (25.4%; 95% CI 21.3-29.9; P<0.001) and 63/390 (16.2%; 95% CI 13.0-20.4; P<0.001); RT = 17/81 (21.0%; 95% CI 13.2-30.8; P = 0.002) and 9/81 (11.1%; 95% CI 5.7-19.5; P = 0.001); and control = 36/450 (8.0%; 95% CI 5.8-10.8; P<0.001) and 18/450 (4%; 95% CI 2.5-6.2; P<0.001). Adjusted mortality and adjusted combined outcomes in CKD group and HD groups were significantly higher than the control group [hazard ratio (HR) (95% CI) CKD: 2.88 (1.52- 5.44); P = 0.001; 2.44 (1.35-4.40); P = 0.003; HD: 2.32 (1.21- 4.46); P = 0.011; 2.25 (1.23-4.12); P = 0.008), respectively], but these were not significantly different in the RT from in the control group [HR (95% CI) 1.89 (0.76-4.72); P = 0.169; 1.87 (0.81-4.28); P = 0.138, respectively]. Conclusions. Hospitalized COVID-19 patients with CKDs, including Stages 3-5 CKD, HD and RT, have significantly higher mortality than patients without kidney disease. Stages 3-5 CKD patients have an in-hospital mortality rate as much as HD patients, which may be in part because of similar age and comorbidity burden. We were unable to assess if RT patients were or were not at increased risk for in-hospital mortality because of the relatively small sample size of the RT patients in this study.
Readability analysis of laws related to public financial responsibility and state budget: A comparison of selected countries
(Emerald Group Holdings Ltd., 2021) Güngör Göksu, Gonca; Dumlupınar, Serdar
In this study, various acts including regulations of public financial management, fiscal responsibility, and state budget in the selected six countries were subjected to different readability tests, and an international comparison was made. The fiscal responsibility act of six countries-Turkey, the UK, India, Australia, Canada, and Pakistan-were included in the study and analyzed. Each country was analyzed under its official language. Since English is an official language of all of the countries except for Turkey, the authors have evaluated the fiscal responsibility acts of these countries using the following readability tests: Flesch Reading Ease, Flesch-Kincaid, Gunning-Fog, and Dale-Chall. Additionally, Public Financial Management and Control Law No. 5018 approved in Turkey was analyzed by the Ateşman Readability Test which was uniquely designed for Turkish grammar rules. The acts discussed in the study were analyzed not only as a whole but also in parts and subsections. According to the results of the study, the levels of readability of the existing laws in most of the selected countries are very difficult to understand for a university graduate. However, when the readability level of the British Budget Responsibility and National Audit Act tested as parts and subsections and a whole, it was rated at a level a university student could understand. This study analyses the readability and intelligibility of acts related to fiscal responsibility and the state budget in six selected countries, adopting Anglo-Saxon public administration model and making an inter-country evaluation. Since it is important that citizens have enough information about legislation for a citizenoriented understanding, a legislation system that is understood by the larger part of the society is essential.
Relations Between the Great War and Wheat Prices: An Analysis from the Ottoman Empire Perspective
(Emerald Group Publishing Ltd., 2021) Tufan, Ekrem; Savaş, Türker; Atabay, Mithat
Introduction: It is commonly observed that the ratio of food prices during the war times had become significantly more important than usual periods within the countries including Turkey, known as the Ottoman Empire that previously defeated in Balkans just before the Great World War. The scope of the study is to analyze increased or decreased wheat prices together with price fluctuations during the war period. Aim: This study investigates the food pricing progress during The Great World War and its relationship with wheat prices. Method: A model for the behavior of time series is applied to compare the important days of the war data against the timeline of wheat prices for British, German, and French. The statistical test named Holt-Winters uses exponential smoothing technique to encode the various values from the past and predicts “typical” values for the present and the future. Findings: As a result, it can be said that wheat prices had anomaly patterns during the specific dates in war for French, British, and German sides. Great Britain’s wheat prices increased significantly on April 1915 when landings began on the Gallipoli Peninsula. Wheat prices in Great Britain and Germany dropped significantly just before on July 1916 when the first Battle of the Somme began. However, it increased in Great Britain whilst decreased considerably in Germany in March 1918 when the Soviet Government signed a separate peace agreement with the Central Powers. A significant increase for France was observed only at the end of this war.
QDNS: Quantum Dynamic Network Simulator Based on Event Driving
(Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc., 2021) Ceylan, Osman Semi; Yılmaz, İhsan
After the no-cloning theory was presented in the quantum physics field, researchers offered more secure but theoretical protocols than classic ones shaped around this theorem. Without much time passed, we then observed that experimental studies have been made particularly for the national security concerns. In line with these events, with this study, we are presenting the QDNS, an event driven quantum network simulation framework for enthusiasts of the filed to simulate their custom protocols in quantum network topology. With the event triggered way, we tried to make a more understandable and user-friendly environment yet powerful enough to take into account of complex nature of the quantum world.
Middle Chalcolithic Copper Tools from Gülpınar in North-Western Anatolia – an Archaeometric Approach
(Roemisch-Germanisches Zentralmuseum, 2021) Güder, Ümit; Takaoğlu, Turan; Özdemir, Abdulkadir
The prehistoric site of Gülpınar, located beneath the remains of the Graeco-Roman Sanctuary of Apollo Smintheus (Smintheion) in the coastal Troad, is one of those newly excavated sites that enhances our knowledge of the western Anatolian littoral and the adjacent eastern Aegean islands during the 5th millennium BC. One of the contributions of the archaeological excavations at the site is in the category of copper metallurgy, which is the point of focus of this study. Four copper tools (awls and pins) were revealed in phase III of Gülpınar, dated to between 4930 and 4455/4300 BC. Both the chemical composition and the microstructural features of these tools were examined to understand the metallurgical processes applied for their production and forming. Analytical techniques, portable X-ray fluorescence (p-XRF) analysis, metallography (optical microscopy), energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (SEM-EDS) examination and micro-hardness testing were conducted on the available samples from the objects. The results of the archaeometric analyses demonstrated that the copper used to form these tools was obtained by heating and then smelting the sulphur-bearing polymetallic ores. In the chemical compositions, an amount of around 1% arsenic was detected. Although the arsenic content provided a moderate improvement in the physical properties of the tools, the amount was considered too low to demonstrate an intentional, controlled process for arsenic alloying. The metal of the tools may have been brought in semi-finished forms to Gülpınar, since no finds relating to the copper metallurgy (slag, crucibles, tuyeres) were encountered during the excavations. The forming was determined by applying cycles of heating, forging and annealing. Moreover, increasing the hardness of the tools by a final cold working process was also detected.
