Cell Staining Microgels Derived from a Natural Phenolic Dye: Hematoxylin Has Intriguing Biomedical Potential

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dc.authorid0000-0001-8666-7954en_US
dc.authorid0000-0003-0120-530Xen_US
dc.authorscopusid24472372400en_US
dc.authorscopusid6602001525en_US
dc.authorwosidAAB-6714-2020en_US
dc.authorwosidDVD-0927-2022en_US
dc.contributor.authorŞahiner, Mehtap
dc.contributor.authorSunol, Aydin K.
dc.contributor.authorŞahiner, Nurettin
dc.date.accessioned2024-02-20T12:21:45Z
dc.date.available2024-02-20T12:21:45Z
dc.date.issued2024en_US
dc.departmentFakülteler, Mühendislik Fakültesi, Biyomühendislik Bölümü
dc.departmentRektörlük, Rektörlüğe Bağlı Bölümler, Nanobilim ve Teknoloji Araştırma ve Uygulama Merkezi
dc.description.abstractHematoxylin (HT) as a natural phenolic dye compound is generally used together with eosin (E) dye as H&E in the histological staining of tissues. Here, we report for the first time the polymeric particle preparation from HT as poly(Hematoxylin) ((p(HT)) microgels via microemulsion method in a one-step using a benign crosslinker, glycerol diglycidyl ether (GDE). P(HT) microgels are about 10 µm and spherical in shape with a zeta potential value of −34.6 ± 2.8 mV and an isoelectric point (IEP) of pH 1.79. Interestingly, fluorescence properties of HT molecules were retained upon microgel formation, e.g., the fluorescence emission intensity of p(HT) at 343 nm was about 2.8 times less than that of the HT molecule at λex: 300 nm. P(HT) microgels are hydrolytically degradable and can be controlled by using an amount of crosslinker, GDE, e.g., about 40%, 20%, and 10% of p(HT) microgels was degraded in 15 days in aqueous environments for the microgels prepared at 100, 200, and 300% mole ratios of GDE to HT, respectively. Interestingly, HT molecules at 1000 mg/mL showed 22.7 + 0.4% cell viability whereas the p(HT) microgels exhibited a cell viability of 94.3 + 7.2% against fibroblast cells. Furthermore, even at 2000 mg/mL concentrations of HT and p(HT), the inhibition% of α-glucosidase enzyme were measured as 93.2 ± 0.3 and 81.3 ± 6.3%, respectively at a 0.03 unit/mL enzyme concentration, establishing some potential application of p(HT) microgels for neurogenerative diseases. Moreover, p(HT) microgels showed two times higher MBC values than HT molecules, e.g., 5.0 versus 2.5 mg/mL MIC values against Gram-negative E. coli and Gram-positive S. aureus, respectively.en_US
dc.identifier.citationŞahiner, M., Sunol, A. K., & Şahiner, N. (2024). Cell Staining Microgels Derived from a Natural Phenolic Dye: Hematoxylin Has Intriguing Biomedical Potential. Pharmaceutics, 16(1). https://doi.org/10.3390/pharmaceutics16010147en_US
dc.identifier.doi10.3390/pharmaceutics16010147
dc.identifier.issn1999-4923
dc.identifier.issue1en_US
dc.identifier.pmid38276517
dc.identifier.scopus2-s2.0-85183419799
dc.identifier.urihttps://doi.org/10.3390/pharmaceutics16010147
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12428/5681
dc.identifier.volume16en_US
dc.identifier.wosWOS:001152968700001
dc.identifier.wosqualityQ1
dc.indekslendigikaynakWeb of Science
dc.indekslendigikaynakScopus
dc.indekslendigikaynakPubMed
dc.institutionauthorŞahiner, Mehtap
dc.institutionauthorŞahiner, Nurettin
dc.language.isoen
dc.publisherMultidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (MDPI)en_US
dc.relation.ispartofPharmaceuticsen_US
dc.relation.publicationcategoryMakale - Uluslararası Hakemli Dergi - Kurum Öğretim Elemanıen_US
dc.rightsinfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessen_US
dc.rightsAttribution 3.0 United States*
dc.rights.urihttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/us/*
dc.subjectAntioxidanten_US
dc.subjectBiocompatible microgelsen_US
dc.subjectFluorescenten_US
dc.subjectHematoxylin microgelsen_US
dc.subjectNatural phenolic particlesen_US
dc.subjectα-glucosidase inhibitoren_US
dc.titleCell Staining Microgels Derived from a Natural Phenolic Dye: Hematoxylin Has Intriguing Biomedical Potential
dc.typeArticle

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