Alman Belgelerine Göre Erken Dönem Cumhuriyet Dönemi Bahriyesi Bağlamında Türk-Alman İlişkileri
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Tarih
2021
Yazarlar
Dergi Başlığı
Dergi ISSN
Cilt Başlığı
Yayıncı
Ege Üniversitesi
Erişim Hakkı
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
Özet
Ağırlıklı olarak Alman askeri arşiv belgeleri ışığında kaleme alınan bu makale, iki Dünya Savaşı
arasını kapsayan yıllarda Türkiye ile Almanya arasında donanma kuvvetlerinde gerçekleşen bilgi
ve teknoloji transferi hakkındadır. Versay Antlaşması sonucunda egemenliği askeri alanlarda
sınırlanan Almanya’nın denizaltı üretimi de aynı kapsamda yasaklanmıştır. Bu sebepten dolayı
Almanya, Versay Antlaşması’nın kısıtlamalarını aşmak amacıyla Hollanda’da faaliyet gösteren
Ingenieurskantoor voor Scheepsbouw firması üzerinden kendi mühendisleri ile gemi üretim ve
denizaltı ihraç merkezi olarak faaliyetlerini 1922-1933 yılları arasında örtülü bir şekilde
sürdürmüştür. Bu yolla Almanlar, denizaltı teknolojisinin geliştirilmesi suretiyle bilgilerini taze
tutmaya devam etmiştir. Alman personelden meydana gelen teşebbüsün ilk alıcılarından olan Türk
bahriyesi, Alman denizaltı çarkçıları, teknik personeli ve gemi komutanlarına Alman denizaltı
filosunun Versay Antlaşması uyarınca söndürülmesi sonucunda İstanbul’da eğitim ve bilgilerini
pratikte uygulama fırsatı sunmaktaydı. Bu, aynı zamanda Alman bahriyesi için ürettikleri
denizaltıların kendi personeli tarafından Türkiye’de test edilmesi imkanını da sağlamaktaydı.
Bundan dolayı Türkiye, Arjantin, İspanya ve Finlandiya ile beraber İkinci Dünya Savaşı’nın
başlangıcına kadar Alman denizaltıcılığının önemli operasyon merkezlerinden biri olarak ön plana
çıkmaktaydı. Bu süreçte Türk makamların Alman denizlatılarını tercih etmelerindeki en kilit nokta
ise Almanya’nın bu alandaki tecrübesi ve denizaltı konusunda önemli bir geleneğe sahip
İngiltere’ye oranla Türkiye’nin bulunduğu coğrafya üzerinde kolonyal emellerinin Birinci Dünya
Savaşı’nın akabinde, Hitler iktidarına kadar rafa kaldırmış olmasıdır.
This article, which was mainly written in the light of German military archive documents, is about the information and technology transfer between Turkish and German naval forces in the years between the two World Wars. Germany's submarine production, whose sovereignty was limited in military areas as a result of the Treaty of Versailles, was also banned in the same context. For this reason, in order to overcome the restrictions of the Treaty of Versailles, Germany continued its activities covertly between 1922 and 1933, with its own engineers, as a shipbuilding and submarine export center, through Ingenieurskantoor voor Scheepsbouw company operating in the Netherlands. In this way, Germans continued to keep their knowledge fresh through the development of submarine technology. The Turkish navy, which was one of the first buyers of the enterprise, which consisted of German personnel, offered German submarine engineers, technical personnel and ship commanders the opportunity to practice their training and knowledge in Istanbul as a result of the extinction of the German submarine fleet in accordance with the Versailles Treaty. This also provided the opportunity for the submarines they produced for the German navy to be tested in Turkey by their own personnel. Therefore, Turkey, together with Argentina, Spain and Finland, stood out as one of the important operation centers of German submarines until the beginning of the Second World War. The key point in the Turkish authorities' preference for German submarines in this process is Germany's experience in this field and the fact that compared to the UK, which has an important tradition in submarines, its colonial ambitions on Turkey's geography were shelved until Hitler's rule after the First World War.
This article, which was mainly written in the light of German military archive documents, is about the information and technology transfer between Turkish and German naval forces in the years between the two World Wars. Germany's submarine production, whose sovereignty was limited in military areas as a result of the Treaty of Versailles, was also banned in the same context. For this reason, in order to overcome the restrictions of the Treaty of Versailles, Germany continued its activities covertly between 1922 and 1933, with its own engineers, as a shipbuilding and submarine export center, through Ingenieurskantoor voor Scheepsbouw company operating in the Netherlands. In this way, Germans continued to keep their knowledge fresh through the development of submarine technology. The Turkish navy, which was one of the first buyers of the enterprise, which consisted of German personnel, offered German submarine engineers, technical personnel and ship commanders the opportunity to practice their training and knowledge in Istanbul as a result of the extinction of the German submarine fleet in accordance with the Versailles Treaty. This also provided the opportunity for the submarines they produced for the German navy to be tested in Turkey by their own personnel. Therefore, Turkey, together with Argentina, Spain and Finland, stood out as one of the important operation centers of German submarines until the beginning of the Second World War. The key point in the Turkish authorities' preference for German submarines in this process is Germany's experience in this field and the fact that compared to the UK, which has an important tradition in submarines, its colonial ambitions on Turkey's geography were shelved until Hitler's rule after the First World War.
Açıklama
Anahtar Kelimeler
Türk-Alman İlişkileri, Erken Cumhuriyet Dönemi, Bilgi ve Teknoloji Transferi, Denizaltılar, Turkish-German Relations, Early Republican Period, The Information and Technology Transfer, Submarine, German consultant
Kaynak
Tarih İncelemeleri Dergisi
WoS Q Değeri
N/A
Scopus Q Değeri
Cilt
36
Sayı
2
Künye
Alkan, R. (2021). Alman Belgelerine Göre Erken Dönem Cumhuriyet Dönemi Bahriyesi Bağlamında Türk-Alman İlişkileri. Tarih İncelemeleri Dergisi, 36(2), 421-442. doi: 10.18513/egetid.1050183
