AChE Inhibition Capability of Nanogels Derived from Natural Molecules: Tannic Acid and Lysine for Alzheimer's Disease

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dc.authoridŞahiner, Nurettin / 0000-0003-0120-530X
dc.authoridSağbaş Suner, Selin / 0000-0002-3524-0675
dc.authoridŞahiner, Mehtap / 0000-0001-8666-7954
dc.contributor.authorŞahiner, Mehtap
dc.contributor.authorSağbaş Suner, Selin
dc.contributor.authorŞahiner, Nurettin
dc.date.accessioned2025-05-29T02:57:22Z
dc.date.available2025-05-29T02:57:22Z
dc.date.issued2025
dc.departmentÇanakkale Onsekiz Mart Üniversitesi
dc.descriptionThis article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
dc.description.abstractBackground/Objectives: Tannic acid (TA), a known natural polyphenolic acid with many bioactivities including antioxidants, antibacterial, and antiviral, can be combined with a natural essential amino acid L-lysine (LYS) in nanogel formulations to produce p(TA-co-LYS) (p(TA-co-LYS)) nanogels. Methods: A 1:1 mole ratio of TA:LYS was used to prepare corresponding spherical nanogels employing formaldehyde as a linker via the Mannich reaction. Results: The attained p(TA-co-LYS) particles were in 283 +/- 57 nm size ranges (via SEM analysis) and possessed smooth surfaces. The zeta potential measurements of p(TA-co-LYS) nanogels suspension at different solution pHs revealed the isoelectric point (IEP) of pH 4.9, suggesting that the particles are negatively charged at the physiological pH range (e.g., at 7.4). In addition to the antioxidant efficacy of nanogels confirmed by three different tests, p(TA-co-LYS) particles showed significant Fe(II) ion chelating capacity at 350 mu g/mL concentrations compared to bare TA, which is 21%, whereas the LYS molecule had a chelating capacity of 100% at the same concentrations. Moreover, it was found that p(TA-co-LYS) nanogels inhibited the Acetylcholinesterase enzyme (AChE) at a concentration-dependent profile, e.g., at 333 mu g/mL concentration of p(TA-co-LYS), 57.2% of the enzyme AChE activity was inhibited. Furthermore, the minimum inhibition concentrations of p(TA-co-LYS) nanogels of Gram-negative Escherichia coli (ATCC 8739) and Gram-positive Staphylococcus aureus (ATCC 6538) were determined as 12.5 mg/mL. Conclusions: As cytotoxicity studies of p(TA-co-LYS) nanogels on L929 fibroblast cells also ascertained that these particles can be safely used in many biomedical applications, including antioxidant materials, drug delivery devices, and enzyme inhibitors.
dc.identifier.doi10.3390/pharmaceutics17040502
dc.identifier.issn1999-4923
dc.identifier.issue4
dc.identifier.pmid40284497
dc.identifier.scopus2-s2.0-105003548376
dc.identifier.scopusqualityQ1
dc.identifier.urihttps://doi.org/10.3390/pharmaceutics17040502
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12428/30030
dc.identifier.volume17
dc.identifier.wosWOS:001474508400001
dc.identifier.wosqualityQ1
dc.indekslendigikaynakWeb of Science
dc.indekslendigikaynakScopus
dc.indekslendigikaynakPubMed
dc.language.isoen
dc.publisherMDPI
dc.relation.ispartofPharmaceutics
dc.relation.publicationcategoryMakale - Uluslararası Hakemli Dergi - Kurum Öğretim Elemanı
dc.rightsinfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
dc.snmzKA_WOS_20250529
dc.subjectnanogel
dc.subjecttannic acid
dc.subjectlysine
dc.subjectantimicrobial
dc.subjectantioxidant
dc.subjectacetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibitors
dc.titleAChE Inhibition Capability of Nanogels Derived from Natural Molecules: Tannic Acid and Lysine for Alzheimer's Disease
dc.typeArticle

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