Temporal trends in personal protective equipment (PPE) debris during the COVID-19 pandemic in canakkale (Turkey)

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dc.authoridASLAN, HERDEM/0000-0002-0872-2919
dc.authoridBenfield, Mark/0000-0002-0095-3843
dc.contributor.authorAslan, Herdem
dc.contributor.authorYilmaz, Okan
dc.contributor.authorBenfield, Mark C.
dc.contributor.authorBecan, S. Ahmet
dc.date.accessioned2025-01-27T20:43:37Z
dc.date.available2025-01-27T20:43:37Z
dc.date.issued2023
dc.departmentÇanakkale Onsekiz Mart Üniversitesi
dc.description.abstractThis study examines trends in PPE (masks, gloves) and disinfecting wipes over three years of the pandemic. The densities of discarded masks, wet wipes, and gloves (personal protective equipment: PPE), were quantified on the streets of Canakkale, Turkey during similar time periods in 2020, 2021 and 2022. Geotagged images of PPE on the streets and sidewalks were documented with a smartphone, while the track of an observer was recorded using a fitness tracker app along a 7.777 km long survey route in the city center, parallel to the Dardanelles Strait. A total of 18 surveys were conducted over three years, and the survey route was subdivided into three zones based on utilization patterns: pedestrian zone, traffic zone and a recreational park zone. The combined densities of all types of PPE density were high in 2020, lower in 2021 and highest in 2022. The within year trend showed an increase over the three study years. The average density of gloves declined from an initially high level in 2020, when the SARS-CoV-2 virus was thought to be transmitted by contact, to near zero in 2021 and to zero in 2022. Densities of wipes were similar in 2020 and 2021 and higher in 2022. Masks were initially difficult to procure in 2020, and their densities progressively increased during that year reaching a plateau in 2021 with similar densities in 2022. PPE densities were significantly lower in the pedestrian route relative to the traffic and park routes, which were not different from each other. The partial curfews implemented by the Turkish government and the effects of prevention measures taken on the PPE concentration in the streets are discussed along with the importance of waste management practices.
dc.identifier.doi10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.165377
dc.identifier.issn0048-9697
dc.identifier.issn1879-1026
dc.identifier.pmid37422228
dc.identifier.scopus2-s2.0-85165994800
dc.identifier.scopusqualityQ1
dc.identifier.urihttps://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.165377
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12428/24298
dc.identifier.volume898
dc.identifier.wosWOS:001047038300001
dc.identifier.wosqualityQ1
dc.indekslendigikaynakWeb of Science
dc.indekslendigikaynakScopus
dc.indekslendigikaynakPubMed
dc.language.isoen
dc.publisherElsevier
dc.relation.ispartofScience of The Total Environment
dc.relation.publicationcategoryinfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
dc.rightsinfo:eu-repo/semantics/closedAccess
dc.snmzKA_WoS_20250125
dc.subjectMasks
dc.subjectGloves
dc.subjectWipes
dc.subjectPlastic pollution
dc.subjectLitter
dc.titleTemporal trends in personal protective equipment (PPE) debris during the COVID-19 pandemic in canakkale (Turkey)
dc.typeArticle

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