Biyoloji Bölümü Koleksiyonu

Bu koleksiyon için kalıcı URI

https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12428/2205

Listeleniyor 1 - 20 / 133

Effects of Different Doses of Lavender (Lavandula angustifolia) on Pubertal Development and Hormones in Male Syrian Hamsters (Mesocricetus auratus)
(Wiley, 2025) Balkan, Emine İnci; Kıral, İlke Ceren; Gündüz, Bülent
AIM:The effects of lavender, known for its calming effect, on the nervous system and reproductive system are being investigated. This study examines the development of male offspring exposed to different doses of lavender extract from the pregnancy period onwards. METHODS:Eight adult female and forty adult male offspring Syrian hamsters in a long photoperiod (16L) were assigned to four groups: the control group, the groups that received 50 mg/kg, the groups that received 100 mg/kg, and the groups that received 200 mg/kg lavender extract applied. Lavender extract was injected to the pregnant females in the experimental group during the last week of pregnancy and throughout the lactation period. From the 15th day after birth, male offspring were separated into groups of 5, with blood samples taken at midday and midnight. The doses were injected for 40 days. Weekly testis measurements were taken. Changes in serum leptin and testosterone hormones taken at the end of the experiment were determined. Testis histology was examined. RESULTS:The experimental groups showed no significant difference in leptin levels (p>0.05), although testosterone levels remained lower than in the control group (p<0.05). Testicular weights in the 100 mg/kg and 200 mg/kg groups were significantly lower than in the control group (p<0.05). Additionally, there was a decrease in Leydig cells and spermatogenesis in testicular histology in these groups. CONCLUSIONS:The physiological effects of plant extracts are not well studied, despite the fact that lavender is being used more and more in various fields. However, it is also known that higher dosages lower testosterone hormone levels and suppress the reproductive system in mature animals. This study evaluated the effects of various doses of lavender on the reproductive development of pubertal offspring from pregnancy onward, and for the first time, it was found to have negative impacts on development.
Discrepancies in the number of lines of arrested growth (LAG) in the tissues of the humerus and phalanx of sea turtles
(Springer Heidelberg, 2025) Sandık, Emre; Sönmez, Bektaş; Yalçın Özdilek, Şükran
Information on the age of vertebrate species such as sea turtles is crucial for planning management and conservation actions. The age of sea turtles has been estimated by skeletochronological analysis using skeletal growth marks in different bones. This study focused on the consistency of the number of visible lines of arrested growth (LAG) observed from the humerus and phalanx bone used for age estimation in Chelonia mydas and Caretta caretta. We collected 67 humeri and phalanges of C. mydas (n = 47) and C. caretta (n = 20) from Samanda & gbreve; beach, eastern Mediterranean in 2020-2022. LAG in the humerus and phalanx of the same individual were counted by two readers, and their consistency with each other was determined by percent agreement (PA), average percent error (APE), and coefficient of variation (CV). The significance of the difference between them was determined by the McNemar test. The mean number of visible LAG counted from the humerus is greater than the mean number of visible LAG counted from the phalanx, i.e., the humerus contains more growth marks than the phalanx. However, in individuals up to 15 LAG in C. mydas and 10 LAG in C. caretta, the mean number of visible LAG observed in both bone tissues is compatible. This was supported by the differences in the resorption rates calculated in both bones, indicating that the number of LAG lost due to resorption may also differ between these two bone types. It is recommended that the back calculation and/or correction factor applied for the humerus be avoided for the phalanx.
Investigation of the probiotic effects of Lactobacillus sakei 2-3 and Candida zeylanoides Y12-3 strains in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss, Walbaum 1792)
(Springer, 2025) Taha, Mohanad Dheyaa; Didinen, Behire Işıl; Yılmaz, Sevdan; Gürkan, Mert; Kenanoğlu, Osman Nezih
This study aimed to assess individual and combined effects of candidate probiotic strains C. zeylanoides Y12-3 and L. sakei 2-3 on growth, hematological parameters, serum immunological parameters, serum biochemistry, histopathology, histomorphology, expression of immune and antioxidant enzyme genes, and disease resistance against L. garvieae in rainbow trout. The fish were fed four different feeds (control, L. sakei 2-3, C. zeylanoides Y12-3, and L. sakei 2-3 + C. zeylanoides Y12-3) for 60 days. At the end of the experiment, growth parameters, serum glucose levels, serum lysozyme activity, and expression of immune and antioxidant enzyme genes were significantly increased in the probiotic groups. Additionally, triglyceride levels decreased in the probiotic groups compared to the control group, whereas serum ALT levels did not change. The villus width and the number of goblet cells increased in the proximal intestines of the fish in C. zeylanoides and L. sakei + C. zeylanoides groups. L. sakei 2-3 showed higher superoxide anion production, expression of immune genes (IgM, IL-B1, lysozyme, TNF-alpha, HSP70) in the kidney, antioxidant enzyme genes (GPX, GST, SOD) in the liver compared to C. zeylanoides. TNF-alpha, HSP70), and antioxidant enzyme genes (GPX, GST, SOD) compared to C. zeylanoides. L. sakei and the combination of L. sakei + C. zeylanoides provided resistance to L. garvieae compared to the control group. However, C. zeylanoides was similar to the other two probiotic groups regarding disease resistance against L. garvieae. However, histopathological examinations revealed reversible changes in the proximal intestine, anterior kidney, and liver of fish in the C. zeylanoides and L. sakei + C. zeylanoides groups. Hence, future studies are still required to explore the effects of shorter-term use of the C. zeylanoides strain in rainbow trout to prevent undesirable effects on tissues. In brief, the findings, as mentioned above, showed that L. sakei 2-3 and C. zeylanoides Y12-3 could be potential probiotic candidates for use in rainbow trout farming. Moreover, the probiotic effects of both strains on different fish species should also be studied.
Genotoxic and cytotoxic effects of polystyrene nanoplastics on human lymphocytes: A comprehensive analysis
(Elsevier, 2025) Berber, Ahmet Ali; Akıncı Kenanoğlu, Nihan; Demir, Şefika Nur; Aksoy, Hüseyin
A growing amount of plastic waste is finding its way into natural ecosystems as a result of the widespread usage of plastics in modern society. These wastes degrade physically and biologically over time, transforming into microplastics (MPs) and nanoplastics (NPs). MPs and NPs emissions from the terrestrial environment then mix with rivers and eventually the seas, forming garbage. The cytotoxic and genotoxic effects of 50 nm polystyrene nanoplastics (PsNP) on human lymphocytes were assessed using the in vitro mitotic index (MI), micronucleus (MN), and comet assays. Both 24 and 48-h applications were performed for MI, and it was determined that 50 nm PsNP provided a statistically significant decrease in MI compared to the control at all concentrations and application times (except 0.001 and 0.1 mu g/mL at 24 h). According to the MN test results, the MN frequency increased significantly at all concentrations when compared to the negative control. In the comet test, a statistically significant increase of comet tail length was observed at 0.001, 10 and 100 mu g/mL concentration with 50 nm PsNP exposure. Tail moment also showed a statistically significant increase at the lowest concentration of 0.001 mu g/mL and the highest concentration of 1, 10, 100 mu g/mL compared to the negative control. All test results show that PsNP has both genotoxic and cytotoxic potential.
Deciphering the genotoxic and cytotoxic properties of teicoplanin: a combined laboratory and computational investigation
(Taylor & Francis Ltd, 2025) Berber, Ahmet Ali; Alıravcı, Işıl Deniz; Akıncı Kenanoğlu, Nihan; Demir, Şefika Nur
In this study, the mutagenicity and carcinogenicity of the teicoplanin antibiotic were first investigated using the Vega Hub and Toxtree software through in silico prediction. The cytotoxic and genotoxic effects were evaluated using in vitro assays, including the mitotic index (MI), micronucleus (MN), nuclear division index (NDI), and Comet Assay (CA) in human lymphocytes. In the in vitro studies, both 24-hour and 48-hour exposures were conducted for MI, and teicoplanin significantly decreased MI compared to the control at all concentrations. In addition, a significant increase was detected in the MN frequency compared to the negative control at all concentrations. In the Comet assay, tail length significantly increased compared to the control at all concentrations except for 5.6 mu g/mL, while tail moment and comet tail intensity significantly increased at all concentrations compared to the control. In conclusion, within the concentration range used in this study, teicoplanin was found to have cytotoxic and genotoxic effects.
Use of Chitosan-Coated Conductive Copper/Nanoparticle Polymer in Drug Delivery System by Encapsulation Method
(Maik Nauka/Interperiodica/Springer, 2024) Şenol Bahçeci, Dilek; Kocaeren, Aysel Aydın; Demir, Neslihan; Dalgıç, Büşra
In this study, 4-amino-3-hydroxy-1-naphthalenesulfonic acid was polymerized by the oxidative polymerization method. Copper nanoparticles of the synthesized PSa were prepared with copper sulfate solution. Structural analysis of the synthesized compounds were determined by FTIR, H-1 NMR and C-13 NMR measurements. Its optical properties were measured by UV-Vis spectrophotometer, thermal analysis by Thermogravimetric Analysis (TG) device, morphological properties by scanning electron microscope (SEM) device, and crystallographic properties by X-ray Diffraction (XRD) device. Additionally, HOMO-LUMO band gaps were calculated by determining oxidation-reduction peak potential values with the Cyclic Voltammetry (CV) device. Since CuNPs@PSa shows very good antimicrobial properties against some yeasts and bacteria, its usability in drug release was investigated. For this, Ch-CuNPs@PSa encapsulation study was carried out by coating CuNPs@PSa with chitosan (Ch). Encapsulation efficiency, loading capacity, and in vitro release kinetics were calculated. As a result, it was observed that chitosan encapsulation increased the antimicrobial effect against bacteria and yeasts and achieved the release in a controlled manner. It has been determined that Ch-CuNPs@PSa can be used in drug delivery systems as it has an Encapsulation Efficiency (EE) of 98.70%, a Loading Capacity (LC) of 78.96% and a cumulative release of 98.84%. In this case, it can be said that the obtained Ch-CuNPs@PSa can be evaluated as effective in drug release studies.
Assessment of genotoxic and cytotoxic effects in COVID-19 patients
(Cukurova Univ, Fac Medicine, 2025) Alıravcı, Işıl Deniz; Berber, Ahmet Ali; Akıncı Kenanoğlu, Nihan; Ertekin, Yusuf Haydar
Purpose: The objective of our study was to ascertain whether the SARS-CoV-2 virus exerts direct cytotoxic and genotoxic effects on human blood defence cells. Materials and Methods: An in vitro analysis was conducted to assess the cytotoxic and genotoxic effects of the virus using three established tests: the mitotic index (MI), micronucleus (MN), and comet assay (CA). These tests were applied to blood samples from 101 patients. The blood samples were simultaneously analyzed using the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) test. The study population included patients of all ages and genders who presented to the outpatient clinic with symptoms suggestive of a respiratory tract infection and fever. Results: The frequency of MN in the human lymphocytes of COVID-19-infected patients (1.06) was higher compared to COVID-19-negative patients (0.68). Similarly, in COVID-19-positive individuals, parameters such as tail length (3.67), tail moment (1.786), and tail intensity in the comet assay showed a significant increase compared to the negative control, indicating DNA damage. In the cytotoxicity assessment, the MI frequency of COVID-19-positive individuals (0.041) was significantly lower than that of negative controls (0.051). Gender did not influence the cyto/genotoxicity (except for tail length) in SARS-CoV-2-infected patients. Among age groups, the SARS-CoV-2 virus increased MI frequency and tail intensity only in middle-aged individuals (26-36 years). Conclusion: The SARS-CoV-2 virus has the potential to induce cytotoxic and genotoxic effects in the human lymphocytes of infected individuals.
Morphological Assessment and Head Plate Variation of Lebanon Lizard, Phoenicolacerta laevis (Gray, 1838) from Osmaniye, Türkiye
(Folium Publ Co, 2025) Yakın, Batuhan Yaman; Selçuk, Ahmet Yesari; Günay, Ulvi Kerem; Tok, Cemal Varol
In this study, the sexual variations of the dorsal, ventral and lateral head plates of P. laevis specimens collected from Osmaniye, T & uuml;rkiye (southern Anatolia) were examined and various body measurements were measured by classical morphometric methods and sexual variations were determined by both methods. According to the classical morphometrics, male specimens were found to be larger than female specimens in terms of PL, PW, HW but not SVL (P-PL <0.05; P-PW <0.05; P-HW <0.05; P-SVL = 0.4741). On the other hand, Ax-In averages were found be larger in female specimens than in male specimens. In addition, statistically significant differences were found for all ratios. Geometric morphometric analyses showed sexual dimorphism was detected between the dorsal, ventral and lateral head plates. The parietals were wider in males, and the prefrontal narrowed laterally from posterior to anterior. The rostrale was smaller in males, suboculare was backward and higher positioned in females. Inframaxillary positioned more angled in males. All result showed males has a head; wider at posterior and sharpened in anterior. Also, for dorsal (P < 0.0001) and, lateral (P < 0.0001) head plates allometric shape changes were observed but not for the ventral (P: 0.1196) head plates.
Evaluation of Physiological and Biochemical Responses of Four Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) Cultivars at Different Drought Stress Levels
(MDPI, 2025) Teker Yıldız, Müge; Akı, Cüneyt
Drought, one of the abiotic stress factors that threatens world food security, destructively limits the growth and development of agricultural plants. Therefore, determining drought-resistant cultivars is of vital importance against increasing climate change. Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) is one of the most important economic agricultural plants grown worldwide. In this study, different drought stress tolerances (10% PEG (Polyethylene Glycol 6000) and water scarcity) were applied to four commercial tomato cultivars (Rio Grande, Falcon, H-2274, Tyfrane F1) and the effects of drought stress were evaluated within the scope of physiological (germination percentage, shoot length, root length, fresh weight, dry weight, total chlorophyll content, relative water content) and biochemical (protein amount, superoxide dismutase (SOD), peroxidase activity (POX), catalase activity (CAT), hydrogen peroxide content (H2O2) and lipid peroxidation activity (TBARs)) parameters. According to the research results, it was determined that drought stress leads to decreased root-shoot lengths, chlorophyll content, relative water content, fresh and dry weights, and antioxidant enzyme activities in Falcon and H-2274 cultures, increasing TBARs and H2O2 amounts. While the relative water content, which is an indicator of drought stress, shows the water status of the plant, antioxidant enzyme systems are evidence of the resilience of the defense mechanisms of the cultures. In this context, the Falcon cultivar had significantly reduced shoot length (21%, 37%), relative water content (20%, 30%), chlorophyll content (7%, 23%), fresh weight (51%, 49%) and dry weight (9%, 29%) under PEG and water scarcity application; in contrast to these reductions, TBARs (2%, 14%) and H2O2 content (3%, 15%) were significantly increased compared to the control, proving that it is a susceptible cultivar. On the other hand, a slight decrease in relative water content (1%, 3%), a slight increase in total chlorophyll content (6%), intense CAT activity (50%, 67%) and SOD activity (30%), but a decrease in lipid peroxidation level (5%, 22%) and a decrease in H2O2 content (11%, 15%), were detected in the Rio Grande cultivar in PEG and water scarcity treatment compared to the control, proving that this cultivar is resistant to drought and can be effectively grown in water-scarce areas. It was determined that four tomato cultivars had different perception and antioxidant defense systems against drought stress. As a result, when four tomato cultivars under different drought stress levels were evaluated in terms of physiological and biochemical parameters, the tolerance levels were determined as Rio Grande > Tyfrane F1 approximate to Tyfrane F1 > H-2274 > Falcon. In this context, the different responses of tomato cultivars to PEG and water scarcity are important for the selection of drought-resistant cultivars and the development of strategies to increase plant productivity under abiotic stress conditions.
Comparison of Two Bacillus Strains Isolated from the Coastal Zone in Barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) Under Salt Stress
(MDPI, 2025) Teker Yıldız, Müge; Acar, Okan
Salt stress is one of the most important abiotic stress factors that negatively affects sustainable crop production, agricultural productivity, and microbial life. Increasing salt stress negatively affects the growth and development of barley, posing a threat to global food security. It is now known that inoculation of plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) has significant potential in increasing stress tolerance and yield in agricultural products. This study focused on the effects of Bacillus cereus CUN6 and Bacillus thuringiensis SIRB2, isolated from the coastal zone and tested for their PGPR capacities, on physiological (root length, shoot length, biomass, dry weight) and biochemical (total chlorophyll, total protein, hydrogen peroxide, lipid peroxidation, peroxidase activity (POX), catalase activity (CAT)) analyses in Hordeum vulgare L. seedlings under salt stress. The results showed that the two bacterial inoculations alleviated the negative effects of salt stress by increasing the root-shoot length, biomass, dry weight, chlorophyll content, and total protein content in barley plants. However, B. thuringiensis increased growth and development especially in root length, biomass, and dry weight compared to B. cereus. On the other hand, B. cereus significantly increased root length, biomass, and chlorophyll content under salt stress; these increases were 17%, 5%, and 7%, respectively. B. thuringiensis chlorophyll content increased by 4% in 300 mM NaCl compared to the control. When compared in terms of the antioxidant defense system, B. thuringiensis inoculation was more effective on CAT activity, while B. cereus inoculation was more effective on POX activity. Under salt stress, B. cereus and B. thuringiensis inoculation significantly decreased H2O2 content in barley; these decreases were 16% and 10%, respectively. Additionally, TBARs content was significantly decreased by B. cereus and B. thuringiensis inoculation under salt stress; these decreases were determined as 8% and 9%, respectively, compared to the control. These results indicated that both bacterial inoculations can alleviate the salt tolerance of barley seedlings by regulating antioxidant metabolism. This research focused on the potential of B. cereus and B. thuringiensis as biofertilizers against salt stress in barley based on physiological and biochemical analysis.
Spatial Variation of Soft Bottom Arthropoda and Echinodermata Fauna in the Aegean Sea
(Central Fisheries Research Inst, 2024) Aslan, Herdem
A study was conducted on the community of the arthropod and echinoderm fauna in the Aegean Sea of Turkish coast between August 12th and 19th, 2014. Sampling was obtained utilizing a van Veen grab at 16 stations between Edirne-Enez and Marmaris by the R/V TUBITAK Marmara at depths ranging from 11.5 to 69 m. In the study area, an average of 79 individuals m-2 of 68 arthropod species with an average weight of 1.3 g m-2; a total density of 18 individuals m-2 of 13 echinoderm species with a weight of 22 g m-2 were obtained. Amphipod Gammaropsis sophiae and ophiuroid Amphiura cherbonnieri are new record species for the Aegean coast of Turkiye. The frequency index indicates that tanaid Apseudopsis latreillii and Ophiroid Amphipholis squamata are the most common taxa. The quantitative dominance results for all study areas demonstrate that tanaid Chondrochelia savignyi and ophiroid Amphiura chiajei were the most dominant species. The highest number of species (33 species), abundance (373 ind m-2) and biomass (247 g m-2) were found in the station & Ccedil;e & scedil;me while no species could be obtained at station outer Izmir Bay. In the implementation of ecosystembased management strategies, the presentation of qualitative and quantitative information regarding fauna is of great importance
Prevention of Browning during in vitro Cultures of Verbascum scamandri
(World Researchers Associations, 2025) Cambaz, E.; Çördük, Nurşen
Browning, a common problem in plant tissue cultures, can hinder callus production and the synthesis of secondary metabolites. This study investigates browning in the in vitro callus culture of Verbascum scamandri, a plant species with significant medicinal potential. This study aims to evaluate the efficacy of various browning inhibitors. In the study, leaf explants from 15-week-old plants grown in vitro were used to investigate browning in callus cultures. Explants were cultured in MS basal medium supplemented with 3% sucrose, 0.7% phyto agar and 2 mg/L Kinetin, which was chosen for its high callus proliferation. Treatments included various concentrations (50, 100, 200 and 300 mg/L) and combinations of browning inhibitors (PEG, PVP, AA, CA, AC and AA+CA), as well as dark culture conditions. The density of browning and callus was recorded and calculated after 28 days including texture and color data of induced calli. According to the results, it was found that the most effective treatment for the prevention of browning is culturing in dark conditions. Additionally, it was observed that in this treatment, the density of callus induction was higher and the induced calli did not brown and had a compact texture. © 2025 World Researchers Associations. All rights reserved.
Melatonin-leptin interaction and obesity-related genes
(Trakya University, 2025) Gündüz, Bülent; Balkan, Emine İnci
Most living organisms have circadian clocks which maintain rhythm in internal cycles of behavior, physiology, and metabolism, allowing them to anticipate the earth's 24hour rotation. In mammals, circadian integration of metabolic systems optimizes energy gathering and usage across the light and dark cycles. Disruption of circadian rhythms may lead to metabolic dysfunctions such as obesity and obesity-related disorders. The molecular and hormonal mechanism behind obesity is mostly related to mRNA expressions in hypothalamus, and leptin, and melatonin hormone levels. In obesity and related disorders, the chronobiotic hormone melatonin regulates physiological functions such as energy metabolism, body fat, and reproduction by cross-interacting with leptin. Leptin signals satiety by inhibiting Neuropeptide Y/Agouti-Related Peptide (NPY/AgRP genes in hypothalamus and exerts its effects on food intake, body weight, and the reproductive system. In this review, the molecular and hormonal mechanisms behind obesity were discussed. © 2025 Gündüz & Balkan.
Physiological and Biochemical Effects of Thermo-Priming on Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) under Drought and Heat Stresses
(2024) Teker Yıldız, Müge; Günay, Eda; Acar, Okan
Seed priming is a physical method for increasing the stress tolerance of crops against stressful environmental conditions. Drought and high temperatures are important environmental factors that limit the growth and grain yield of wheat. The aim of our study is to determine the physiological (germination rate, root and shoot length, specific leaf area (SLA), relative water content (RWC), biomass, total chlorophyll amount (SPAD)), and biochemical (protein amount, hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) amount, catalase activity (CAT), ascorbate peroxidase activity (APX), glutathione reductase activity (GR)) changes that occur with thermo-priming in wheat seeds under drought stress (D) and heat stress (H). Our results showed that shoot lengths were drastically reduced with D, H, and HD compared to root lengths. Besides, combined stress protected RWC by 6.8% with 60 min thermo-priming compared to other stress treatments. Chlorophyll content decreased dramatically with D and H, while thermo-priming wasn’t limited to that decrease. In addition, SLA was decreased with all stress treatments, while it healed only with 60 min thermo-priming (HDT60) by 12%. H2O2 was increased with drought stress, while reduced with all heat stress treatments. Among them, HDT60 was found to be more effective than the others. GR activities were increased with thermo-priming by 14-18%, with D and H by 5%. Additionally, GR activity was increased with 30 min thermo-priming (HDT30) in HD treatment by 5.8%, while only with HD by 3.2%. Consequently, HDT60 seemed to effectively on biochemical parameters in wheat seedlings against drought and heat stresses.
Effects of Altitude and Temperature on Erythrocyte Morphology of Emys orbicularis (Linnaeus, 1758) and Mauremys rivulata (Valenciennes, 18330)
(ABADER (Adıyaman Bilimsel Araştırmalar Derneği), 2021) Bayrakçı, Yusuf; Yenmiş, Melodi; Mermer, Ahmet; Tok, Cemal Varol; Ayaz, Dinçer
The decrease in erythrocyte size of animals live at high altitudes yields an evolutionary advantage to survive by providing adaptation to colder temperatures and low partial oxygen pressures. We examined the effect of geographical changes on the erythrocyte morphology of two terrapins, Emys orbicularis and Mauremys rivulata, and analyzed whether such erythrocyte characteristics as size and volume changed at high altitudes and different temperatures. We found out that the erythrocyte characteristics varied both within and between the populations. They varied depending on altitude for E. orbicularis and on temperature for M. rivulata. However, the erythrocyte characteristics were not correlated with the environmental parameters, except between sunshine duration and erythrocyte length, size, and nucleus volume for E. orbicularis. Yüksek rakımlarda yaşayan hayvanlarda eritrosit boyutlarındaki azalma, düşük sıcaklıklara ve düşük kısmi oksijen basıncına adaptasyon sağlayarak hayatta kalmalarına evrimsel bir avantaj kazandırmaktadır. Coğrafik değişikliklerin eritrosit morfolojisi üzerindeki etkilerini iki tatlısu kaplumbağası türü olan Emys orbicularis ve Mauremys rivulata’da inceledik ve boyut ve hacim gibi eritrosit özelliklerinin yüksek rakım ve farklı sıcaklıklarda değişip değişmediğini analiz ettik. Eritrosit özelliklerinin hem populasyon içerisinde hem de populasyonlar arasında farklılık gösterdiğini belirledik. E. orbicularis için yüksekliğe bağlı olarak, M. rivulata içinse sıcaklığa bağlı olarak değişiklik göstermektedir. Bununla birlikte, E. orbicularis için güneşlenme süresi ile eritrosit uzunluğu, büyüklüğü ve nukleus hacmi arasındaki korelasyon dışında, eritrosit özellikleri ile çevresel parametreler arasında korelasyon görülmemektedir.
Çevik Kurbağa (Rana dalmatina Bonaparte,1839) (Anura: Ranidae) Örneklerinde Yaş Tayini ve Bazı Büyüme Parametrelerinin İncelenmesi Üzerine Bir Ön Çalışma
(ABADER (Adıyaman Bilimsel Araştırmalar Derneği), 2021) Genç, Özge; Tok, Cemal Varol
In this study, a total of 16 Agile frog, Rana dalmatina species preserved in the ZDEU-COMU collection and collected from Çanakkale (4 ♂♂, 4 ♀♀) and Kırklareli (7♂♂, 1♀) were examined to estimate their age and the relationship between age and body size using the skeletochronology method. In addition, both femora and phalanx of the samples were evaluated together. Sexual maturity ages were found to be 2-3 in male and female individuals of both populations. The age ranges from 2-4 in males and 3-5 in females. According to this study, there was a positive correlation between length and age (r=0.740). In addition, no difference was observed in terms of LAG numbers compared to the age rings in the femora and Phalanx bones of the samples.
Fabrication and Characterization of Saffron Stamen Aqueous Extract Controlled Release System as Potential Topical Treatment of Thermal Burn Wounds
(John Wiley and Sons Inc, 2021) Özdemir, Burak; Pişkin, Mehmet Burçin; Gök, Bahar; Demir, Neslihan; Budama-Kılınç, Yasemin
In our study, we aimed the preparation of Saffron stamen aqueous extract (SSAE) loaded chitosan nanoparticles (CNPs) to be used topically for thermal burns. First, biological activity tests such as DNA binding, DNA cleavage and antibacterial activity were performed to determine the effectiveness of SSAE to be encapsulated. Additionally, a genotoxicity test was performed for the reliability of SSAE. Ionic gelation method was used for encapsulation, and SSAE-loaded CNPs were obtained. Average particle size, zeta potential, polydispersity index (PdI), morphology, and releasing kinetics of the SSAE-loaded CNPs and blank CNPs were determined. DNA binding showed that SSAE interacted with DNA electrostatically. It was determined that all doses of SSAE used in hydrolytic and oxidative DNA cleavage experiments cleave DNA. As a result of the Ames / Salmonella test, it was found that 1,25 mg SSAE was not genotoxic. Then, this concentration was used in nanoparticle synthesis. As a result of DLS analysis, it was determined that SSAE-loaded CNPs have an average size of 57.61±1.234 nm, 0.175±0.008 PdI, and +14±0.755 mV zeta potential. Encapsulation efficiency and loading capacity of SSAE-loaded CNPs calculated as 71.76 % and 2,64 % respectively. As a result of releasing kinetics, it was determined that 79.54 % of SSAE was released after 168 hours. Antibacterial results revealed that SSAE loaded CNPs were more effective against bacteria than blank SSAE.
The vertebrate biodiversity of Turkey
(Springer International Publishing, 2021) Karataş, Ahmet; Filiz, Halit; Erciyas-Yavuz, Kiraz; Özeren, Saniye Cevher; Tok, Cemal Varol
The present lists show that Turkish vertebrate fauna consists of 1728 species. Fish species form its half part (51.74%) with 530 marine and 402 inland fish species. However, the total number is 894, since 38 of them are living in salty, brackish, and freshwater. At the class level, Petromyzonti is represented by 4, Elasmobranchii by 65, Holocephali by 1, Actinopteri by 824, Amphibia by 36, Reptilia by 140, Aves by 485, and Mammalia by 173 species. A total number of 189 inland fish-1 Petromyzonti and 188 Actinopteri-13 amphibian, 20 reptile, and 5 mammal species are endemic to Turkey. The endemism rate out of the total vertebrate species is 13.14%. According to the given conservation status, at least five species are extinct, and 215 species are globally threatened.
COLL 490-Colloidal p(4-VP) particles and composites for biomedical application
(Amer Chemical Soc, 2009) Özay, Özgür; Aktaş, Nahit; Dülger, Başaran; Sılan, Coşkun; John, Vijay T.; Şahiner, Nurettin
[Anstract Not Available]
Preparation of Macroporous Carboxymethyl Cellulose Cryogels and Its Blood Compatibility
(Cambridge Univ Press, 2020) Şaniner, Nurettin; Sağbaş Suner, Selin; Tosunoğlu, Murat
Superporous Carboxy Methyl Cellulose (CMC) cryogels were synthesized by chemical crosslinking of linear CMC with divinyl sulfone (DVS) with different mole ratios of CMC repeating unit down to 2.5%. The morphology of macroporous CMC cryogels was visualized by optic microscope and scanning electron microscope (SEM) images. The swelling capacity and pore volume of CMC cryogels were found to increase with the decrease in the ratio of crosslinker to CMC, and the highest swelling capacity and pore volume values were 10825 +/- 1799% and 22.1 +/- 0.4 mL/g for 2.5% mole ratio of crosslinked CMC cryogels. The blood compatibility of CMC cryogels revealed that blood cells were destroyed with very low hemolysis ratio of 1.09 +/- 1% and also showed less thrombogenic activity with 80.2 +/- 5.1% blood clotting indexes.

Güncel Gönderiler