Hemocytes: Central drivers of antimicrobial peptide expression and immune proteins in both cellular and humoral responses of Galleria mellonella

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dc.authorid0000-0001-5074-3572
dc.authorid0000-0003-0336-3010
dc.authorid0000-0002-0984-2824
dc.contributor.authorKaya, Serhat
dc.contributor.authorGenc, Tulay Turgut
dc.contributor.authorGunay, Melih
dc.date.accessioned2026-02-03T12:00:43Z
dc.date.available2026-02-03T12:00:43Z
dc.date.issued2025
dc.departmentÇanakkale Onsekiz Mart Üniversitesi
dc.description.abstractInsects have an effective innate immune system that includes both cellular and humoral responses for defense against pathogens. Antimicrobial peptides like gallerimycin and galiomycin, as well as immune proteins like hemolin, are the important effectors of the humoral immune response in Galleria mellonella L. (Lepidoptera:Pyralidae). Encapsulation, on the contrary, is one of the important cellular immune responses. This study investigated the tissue-specific expression of an immune effector in G. mellonella larvae after injection with Candida albicans (C.P. Robin) (Ascomycota: Debaryomycetaceae) and silica beads. The gene expression of gallerimycin, galiomycin, and hemolin was examined in total larvae, hemocytes, and fat bodies at 4 and 24 h following injection. Our findings indicate that hemocytes serve as the main site for AMP synthesis, especially after bead injection, implying a more effective immune recognition mechanism relative to pathogen injection. Furthermore, we detected higher hemolin expression in hemocytes than fat tissue, indicating its role in hemocyte-mediated immune responses. Encapsulation rates were also evaluated in bead-injected larvae. At 4 h post-injection, most beads were weakly encapsulated, whereas by 24 h, the majority were strongly encapsulated, reflecting a time-dependent maturation of the immune response. These results show that G. mellonella has a unique immune system, with hemocytes playing a key role in regulating AMP production and immune responses during infection. This study provides deeper insights into the molecular and cellular mechanisms of insect immunity, positioning G. mellonella as a valuable model for studying host-pathogen interactions.
dc.description.sponsorshipScientific Research Coordination Unit of Canakkale Onsekiz Mart University [FBA-2023-4319]
dc.description.sponsorshipScientific Research Coordination Unit of Canakkale Onsekiz Mart University, Grant/Award Number: FBA-2023-4319
dc.identifier.doi10.1111/eea.13607
dc.identifier.endpage1010
dc.identifier.issn0013-8703
dc.identifier.issn1570-7458
dc.identifier.issue9
dc.identifier.scopus2-s2.0-105007946745
dc.identifier.scopusqualityQ2
dc.identifier.startpage1000
dc.identifier.urihttps://doi.org/10.1111/eea.13607
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12428/34685
dc.identifier.volume173
dc.identifier.wosWOS:001505131200001
dc.identifier.wosqualityQ2
dc.indekslendigikaynakWeb of Science
dc.indekslendigikaynakScopus
dc.language.isoen
dc.publisherWiley
dc.relation.ispartofEntomologia Experimentalis Et Applicata
dc.relation.publicationcategoryMakale - Uluslararası Hakemli Dergi - Kurum Öğretim Elemanı
dc.rightsinfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
dc.snmzKA_WOS_20260130
dc.subjectCandida albicans
dc.subjectearly defense system
dc.subjectencapsulation
dc.subjectfat body
dc.subjectgaliomycin
dc.subjectgallerimycin
dc.subjectgene expression
dc.subjectgreater wax moth
dc.subjecthemolin
dc.subjectsilica beads
dc.titleHemocytes: Central drivers of antimicrobial peptide expression and immune proteins in both cellular and humoral responses of Galleria mellonella
dc.typeArticle

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