Unveiling Nature's Resilience: Exploring Vegetation Dynamics during the COVID-19 Era in Jharkhand, India, with the Google Earth Engine

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dc.authoridSingh, Suraj Kumar/0000-0002-9420-2804
dc.authoridMeraj, Gowhar/0000-0003-2913-9199
dc.authoridahmad, tauseef/0000-0003-0044-6347
dc.authoridKANGA, SHRUTI/0000-0003-0275-5493
dc.authoridKumar, Pankaj/0000-0001-7099-7297
dc.authoridKumar Gupta, Dr. Saurabh/0009-0002-9520-8180
dc.contributor.authorAhmad, Tauseef
dc.contributor.authorGupta, Saurabh Kumar
dc.contributor.authorSingh, Suraj Kumar
dc.contributor.authorMeraj, Gowhar
dc.contributor.authorKumar, Pankaj
dc.contributor.authorKanga, Shruti
dc.date.accessioned2025-01-27T21:19:48Z
dc.date.available2025-01-27T21:19:48Z
dc.date.issued2023
dc.departmentÇanakkale Onsekiz Mart Üniversitesi
dc.description.abstractThe Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has presented unprecedented challenges to global health and economic stability. Intriguingly, the necessary lockdown measures, while disruptive to human society, inadvertently led to environmental rejuvenation, particularly noticeable in decreased air pollution and improved vegetation health. This study investigates the lockdown's impact on vegetation health in Jharkhand, India, employing the Google Earth Engine for cloud-based data analysis. MODIS-NDVI data were analyzed using spatio-temporal NDVI analyses and time-series models. These analyses revealed a notable increase in maximum vegetation greenery of 19% from April 2019 to 2020, with subsequent increases of 13% and 3% observed in March and May of the same year, respectively. A longer-term analysis from 2000 to 2020 displayed an overall 16.7% rise in vegetation greenness. While the maximum value remained relatively constant, it demonstrated a slight increment during the dry season. The Landsat data Mann-Kendall trend test reinforced these findings, displaying a significant shift from a negative NDVI trend (1984-2019) to a positive 17.7% trend (1984-2021) in Jharkhand's north-west region. The precipitation (using NASA power and Merra2 data) and NDVI correlation were also studied during the pre- and lockdown periods. Maximum precipitation (350-400 mm) was observed in June, while July typically experienced around 300 mm precipitation, covering nearly 85% of Jharkhand. Interestingly, August 2020 saw up to 550 mm precipitation, primarily in Jharkhand's southern region, compared to 400 mm in the same month in 2019. Peak changes in NDVI value during this period ranged between 0.6-0.76 and 0.76-1, observed throughout the state. Although the decrease in air pollution led to improved vegetation health, these benefits began to diminish post-lockdown. This observation underscores the need for immediate attention and intervention from scientists and researchers. Understanding lockdown-induced environmental changes and their impact on vegetation health can facilitate the development of proactive environmental management strategies, paving the way towards a sustainable and resilient future.
dc.description.sponsorshipWe extend our gratitude to the United States Geological Survey (USGS) for supplying the indispensable Landsat data, and to Google Earth Engine for the provision of their robust analytical platform, which greatly facilitated our research. Furthermore, we si
dc.description.sponsorshipWe extend our gratitude to the United States Geological Survey (USGS) for supplying the indispensable Landsat data, and to Google Earth Engine for the provision of their robust analytical platform, which greatly facilitated our research. Furthermore, we sincerely appreciate the valuable insights and constructive feedback provided by four anonymous reviewers, whose diligent work and thoughtful suggestions have significantly enriched the quality and depth of this manuscript.
dc.identifier.doi10.3390/cli11090187
dc.identifier.issn2225-1154
dc.identifier.issue9
dc.identifier.scopus2-s2.0-85172905021
dc.identifier.scopusqualityQ2
dc.identifier.urihttps://doi.org/10.3390/cli11090187
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12428/28739
dc.identifier.volume11
dc.identifier.wosWOS:001075915800001
dc.identifier.wosqualityN/A
dc.indekslendigikaynakWeb of Science
dc.indekslendigikaynakScopus
dc.language.isoen
dc.publisherMdpi
dc.relation.ispartofClimate
dc.relation.publicationcategoryinfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
dc.rightsinfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
dc.snmzKA_WoS_20250125
dc.subjectCOVID-19 pandemic
dc.subjectlockdown
dc.subjectvegetation health
dc.subjectMann-Kendall
dc.subjectNDVI
dc.subjectJharkhand
dc.titleUnveiling Nature's Resilience: Exploring Vegetation Dynamics during the COVID-19 Era in Jharkhand, India, with the Google Earth Engine
dc.typeArticle

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