Production and Characterization of ZrO2-Al2O3-K2O Based Ceramic Whitening Agents

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dc.contributor.authorCirpin, Arife
dc.contributor.authorYakar, Emin
dc.date.accessioned2025-01-27T21:05:48Z
dc.date.available2025-01-27T21:05:48Z
dc.date.issued2022
dc.departmentÇanakkale Onsekiz Mart Üniversitesi
dc.description.abstractZircon-containing whitening agents are indispensable components increasing the cost of ceramic tiles. In the ceramic industry, the developing of unique and low-cost whitening agents with comparable final product quality is an essential motivation. In this study, a unique ZrO2-Al2O3-K2O-based whitening agent was developed by mixing zircon silicate, Al2O3, K-feldspar, and marble with various weight concentrations to reduce costs and give a valid alternative to the commercially available R6-coded ZrO2-Al2O3-Na2O whitening agent. To test the innovative ZrO2-Al2O3-K2O-based whitening agent's efficiency, a systematic characterization procedure was utilized to reveal factors affecting the tile opacity, including size, shape, and distribution of opacifier particles and the incident light wavelength. First, x-ray diffraction and x-ray fluorescence analyses examined the initial grain sizes and structural properties of the whitening agent constituents. Second, a wet milling process in industrial mills was utilized to produce a homogenized ZrO2-Al2O3-K2O-based composite whitening agent. Structural, mineralogical, and morphological properties of the final product were determined after the drying process. The efficiency of the wet milling process was proved according to scanning microscopy analysis revealing homogenous particle size distribution of constituents with mainly composed of ZrO2, Al2O3, and SiO2 phases. Energy dispersive x-ray analysis reveals that Si-Al-O-Zr and Ca were major elements whereas Na was obtained as minor element.
dc.identifier.doi10.1007/s10717-022-00483-4
dc.identifier.endpage201
dc.identifier.issn0361-7610
dc.identifier.issn1573-8515
dc.identifier.issue5-6
dc.identifier.scopus2-s2.0-85140102468
dc.identifier.scopusqualityQ4
dc.identifier.startpage194
dc.identifier.urihttps://doi.org/10.1007/s10717-022-00483-4
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12428/27796
dc.identifier.volume79
dc.identifier.wosWOS:000870095000001
dc.identifier.wosqualityQ4
dc.indekslendigikaynakWeb of Science
dc.indekslendigikaynakScopus
dc.language.isoen
dc.publisherSpringer
dc.relation.ispartofGlass and Ceramics
dc.relation.publicationcategoryinfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
dc.rightsinfo:eu-repo/semantics/closedAccess
dc.snmzKA_WoS_20250125
dc.subjectceramic
dc.subjectzircon
dc.subjectwhitening agent
dc.subjectcharacterization
dc.subjectmineralogy
dc.titleProduction and Characterization of ZrO2-Al2O3-K2O Based Ceramic Whitening Agents
dc.typeArticle

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