Drought monitoring in Burdur Lake, Turkey using multi-sensor remote sensing data sets

Water levels in freshwater resources have been descending daily as global temperatures have risen and a coastal recession has occurred. The losses in these water basins have a significant influence on natural life. While drought is a global environmental issue, its consequences may be seen in Turkey. This study looks at the loss of water areas in Burdur Lake, one of Turkey's major lakes, between 2010 and 2021. The areas were identified using supervised classification, and the classification process was carried out for 2010, 2013, 2016, 2019, and 2021, respectively. Furthermore, several drought detection metrics, such as land Vegetation Index (EVI), Palmer Drought Severity Index (PDSI), and precipitation amounts, have been evaluated for the study area between 2010 and 2021. The values of all drought detection indicators were also evaluated monthly for each year of the study. The analysis reveals abnormalities in all parameters, particularly in recent years, when compared to earlier years. Water areas decreased by 36.48% as a result of the classifications, whereas sandy areas increased by 89.85%. Again, the average values of various parameters used for drought detection over the years were compared. As a result, the indicator parameters gave reliable results as well as a means of monitoring the drought.