The transient ultraluminous X-ray source, ULX-4, in M51

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dc.authoridAkkaya Oralhan, Inci/0000-0003-1787-7418
dc.authoridaksaker, nazim/0000-0001-8721-5036
dc.authoridSoydugan, Faruk/0000-0002-5141-7645
dc.authoridSonbas, Eda/0000-0002-6909-192X
dc.authoridALLAK, Dr. Sinan/0000-0001-7093-1079
dc.authoridDhuga, Kalvir/0000-0002-5422-4873
dc.authoridAKYUZ, AYSUN/0000-0001-9533-9805
dc.contributor.authorAllak, S.
dc.contributor.authorAkyuz, A.
dc.contributor.authorOralhan, I. Akkaya
dc.contributor.authorAvdan, S.
dc.contributor.authorAksaker, N.
dc.contributor.authorVinokurov, A.
dc.contributor.authorSoydugan, Faruk
dc.date.accessioned2025-01-27T20:54:07Z
dc.date.available2025-01-27T20:54:07Z
dc.date.issued2022
dc.departmentÇanakkale Onsekiz Mart Üniversitesi
dc.description.abstractWe present the results of a temporal and spectral analysis of the transient source ULX-4 in the galaxy M51. The data used were drawn from Chandra, XMM-Newton, and Swift-XRT archives, spanning the years 2000-2019.. The X-ray flux of the source is seen to vary by two orders of magnitudes within a month but a short-term variability was not observed over the time intervals of 100-2000 s in the 0.3-10 keV energy band. We find some evidence for the existence of bi-modality feature in the flux distribution of ULX-4. We identified two optical sources as possible counterparts within an error radius of 0.'' 18 at 95 per cent confidence level for ULX-4 based on the archival Hubble Space Telescope (HST)/ACS and HST/WFC3 data. Blackbody fits of the spectral energy distributions (SEDs) indicate the spectral type to be B-type stars. One of these counterparts exhibits a low-amplitude optical periodicity of 264 +/- 37 d in the F606W filter; if we assume this apparent periodicity is associated with the orbital motion of the donor, then it is more likely that the donor is a red supergiant satisfying the long periodicity and accretion via Roche lobe overflow. Consequently, the SED would then have to be interpreted as a superposition of emissions from a cold donor and a hot flow component, most likely from an accretion disc. If, on the other hand, the periodicity is superorbital in nature i.e. due to possible interactions of the compact object with a circumstellar disc, the donor could then be a Be/X star hosting a neutron star.
dc.description.sponsorshipScientific and Technological Research Council of Turkey (TUBITAK) [117F115]; TUBITAK [119F334]; Russian Science Foundation [2172-10167]
dc.description.sponsorshipThis research was supported by the Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkey (TUBITAK) through project number 117F115. This research is a part of the PhD thesis of SA and he acknowledges financial support by TUBITAK. ES and KD acknowledge support provided by the TUBITAK through project number 119F334. We thank the TUBITAK National Observatory (TUG) for support with observing times and equipment. Astrometry was performed as part of the government contract of the Special Astrophysical Observatory of the Russian Academy of Sciences (SAO RAS) approved by the Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Russian Federation. The study of the nature of optical radiation was supported by the Russian Science Foundation (project no. 2172-10167 ULXs: wind and donors). Finally, we acknowledge the useful comments and recommendations of the Referee which helped to clarify a number of issues.
dc.identifier.doi10.1093/mnras/stab3693
dc.identifier.endpage4369
dc.identifier.issn0035-8711
dc.identifier.issn1365-2966
dc.identifier.issue3
dc.identifier.scopus2-s2.0-85130187127
dc.identifier.scopusqualityQ1
dc.identifier.startpage4355
dc.identifier.urihttps://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stab3693
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12428/25979
dc.identifier.volume510
dc.identifier.wosWOS:000773563600008
dc.identifier.wosqualityQ1
dc.indekslendigikaynakWeb of Science
dc.indekslendigikaynakScopus
dc.language.isoen
dc.publisherOxford Univ Press
dc.relation.ispartofMonthly Notices of The Royal Astronomical Society
dc.relation.publicationcategoryinfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
dc.rightsinfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
dc.snmzKA_WoS_20250125
dc.subjectgalaxies: individual: M51
dc.subjectX-rays: binaries
dc.subjectX-rays: general
dc.titleThe transient ultraluminous X-ray source, ULX-4, in M51
dc.typeArticle

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