Optimization of low-velocity impact behavior of FML structures at different environmental temperatures using taguchi method and grey relational analysis

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dc.authoridEkici, Ergün / 0000-0002-5217-872X
dc.contributor.authorDündar, Mustafa
dc.contributor.authorUygur, İlyas
dc.contributor.authorEkici, Ergün
dc.date.accessioned2025-01-27T21:05:28Z
dc.date.available2025-01-27T21:05:28Z
dc.date.issued2025
dc.departmentÇanakkale Onsekiz Mart Üniversitesi
dc.description.abstractCarbon fiber-reinforced Aluminum Laminate (CARALL) is a new generation of Fibre Metal Laminate (FML) material. This study investigates the low-velocity impact behavior of CARALL structures at different environmental temperatures (-40 degrees C, 23 degrees C, and 80 degrees C). Two different groups of CARALL composite structures with varying fiber orientations were produced by hot pressing in a 3/2 arrangement: C1 (Al/0 degrees 90 degrees/Al/90 degrees 0 degrees/Al) and C2 (Al/0 degrees 0 degrees/Al/0 degrees 0 degrees/Al). Low-velocity impact tests were conducted at 23 J, 33 J, and 48 J energy levels using a & Oslash;20 mm spherical impactor tip. The area of damage was detected by ultrasonic C-Scan. In addition, analysis of variance (ANOVA) was applied to reveal the influential parameters and their effect levels. After conducting experiments using the Taguchi L18 test set, it was observed that the C2-coded specimen yielded better results in terms of maximum peak load, maximum displacement, and damage area. While the decrease in temperature increased the damage and maximum peak load, the increase in temperature did not cause a significant change in the maximum peak load. The primary damage mechanisms observed in damage investigations were matrix cracks and delamination between composite layers. Although delamination is present between the Al/CFRP layer, it is not significant. According to ANOVA results, impact energy was the most effective parameter for maximum impact force, maximum displacement, and damage area, with contribution rates of 81%, 74%, and 76%, respectively. The optimal experimental conditions (23 degrees C temperature and 23 J impact energy with the C1-coded sample) were determined using grey relational analysis based on principal component analysis.
dc.description.sponsorshipDuezce University Research Fund [2020.06.05.1123, 2021.06.05.1191]
dc.description.sponsorshipThe author(s) disclosed receipt of the following financial support for the research, authorship, and/or publication of this article: This study is supported by Duezce University Research Fund Project Number: (2020.06.05.1123 and 2021.06.05.1191).
dc.identifier.doi10.1177/00219983241301751
dc.identifier.issn0021-9983
dc.identifier.issn1530-793X
dc.identifier.issue7
dc.identifier.scopus2-s2.0-85209912481
dc.identifier.scopusqualityQ1
dc.identifier.urihttps://doi.org/10.1177/00219983241301751
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12428/27665
dc.identifier.volume59
dc.identifier.wosWOS:001357927800001
dc.identifier.wosqualityN/A
dc.indekslendigikaynakWeb of Science
dc.indekslendigikaynakScopus
dc.language.isoen
dc.publisherSage Publications Ltd
dc.relation.ispartofJournal of Composite Materials
dc.relation.publicationcategoryinfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
dc.rightsinfo:eu-repo/semantics/closedAccess
dc.snmzKA_WoS_20250125
dc.subjectGrey relation analysis
dc.subjecttaguchi method
dc.subjectfiber metal laminates
dc.subjectcarbon fiber-reinforced aluminium laminate
dc.subjectlow-velocity impact
dc.titleOptimization of low-velocity impact behavior of FML structures at different environmental temperatures using taguchi method and grey relational analysis
dc.typeArticle

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