Functional Role of Extracellular Vesicles in Skeletal Muscle Physiology and Sarcopenia: The Importance of Physical Exercise and Nutrition

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dc.authoridLombardo, Mauro/0000-0001-7509-5487
dc.authoridAiello, Gilda/0000-0003-4327-0521
dc.authoridBALDELLI, SARA/0000-0001-7003-3172
dc.authoridKARAV, SERCAN/0000-0003-4056-1673
dc.contributor.authorLombardo, Mauro
dc.contributor.authorAiello, Gilda
dc.contributor.authorFratantonio, Deborah
dc.contributor.authorKarav, Sercan
dc.contributor.authorBaldelli, Sara
dc.date.accessioned2025-01-27T20:29:01Z
dc.date.available2025-01-27T20:29:01Z
dc.date.issued2024
dc.departmentÇanakkale Onsekiz Mart Üniversitesi
dc.description.abstractBackground/Objectives: Extracellular vesicles (EVs) play a key role in intercellular communication by transferring miRNAs and other macromolecules between cells. Understanding how diet and exercise modulate the release and content of skeletal muscle (SM)-derived EVs could lead to novel therapeutic strategies to prevent age-related muscle decline and other chronic diseases, such as sarcopenia. This review aims to provide an overview of the role of EVs in muscle function and to explore how nutritional and physical interventions can optimise their release and function. Methods: A literature review of studies examining the impact of exercise and nutritional interventions on MS-derived EVs was conducted. Major scientific databases, including PubMed, Scopus and Web of Science, were searched using keywords such as 'extracellular vesicles', 'muscle', 'exercise', 'nutrition' and 'sarcopenia'. The selected studies included randomised controlled trials (RCTs), clinical trials and cohort studies. Data from these studies were synthesised to identify key findings related to the release of EVs, their composition and their potential role as therapeutic targets. Results: Dietary patterns, specific foods and supplements were found to significantly modulate EV release and composition, affecting muscle health and metabolism. Exercise-induced changes in EV content were observed after both acute and chronic interventions, with a marked impact on miRNAs and proteins related to muscle growth and inflammation. Nutritional interventions, such as the Mediterranean diet and omega-3 fatty acids, have also shown the ability to alter EV profiles, suggesting their potential to improve cardiovascular health and reduce inflammation. Conclusions: EVs are emerging as critical mediators of the beneficial effects of diet and exercise on muscle health. Both exercise and nutritional interventions can modulate the release and content of MS-derived EVs, offering promising avenues for the development of novel therapeutic strategies targeting sarcopenia and other muscle diseases. Future research should focus on large-scale RCT studies with standardised methodologies to better understand the role of EVs as biomarkers and therapeutic targets.
dc.description.sponsorshipItalian Ministry of Health; [(FIN/RIC) 2023]
dc.description.sponsorshipThis research was funded by funding from the Italian Ministry of Health [Ricerca Corrente]. Finanziamento competitivo di progetti di ricerca (FIN/RIC) 2023.
dc.identifier.doi10.3390/nu16183097
dc.identifier.issn2072-6643
dc.identifier.issue18
dc.identifier.pmid39339697
dc.identifier.scopus2-s2.0-85205052103
dc.identifier.scopusqualityQ1
dc.identifier.urihttps://doi.org/10.3390/nu16183097
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12428/22780
dc.identifier.volume16
dc.identifier.wosWOS:001323329400001
dc.identifier.wosqualityN/A
dc.indekslendigikaynakWeb of Science
dc.indekslendigikaynakScopus
dc.indekslendigikaynakPubMed
dc.language.isoen
dc.publisherMdpi
dc.relation.ispartofNutrients
dc.relation.publicationcategoryinfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
dc.rightsinfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
dc.snmzKA_WoS_20250125
dc.subjectskeletal muscle
dc.subjectsarcopenia
dc.subjectmyogenesis
dc.subjectextracellular vesicles
dc.subjectphysical exercise
dc.subjectnutrition
dc.titleFunctional Role of Extracellular Vesicles in Skeletal Muscle Physiology and Sarcopenia: The Importance of Physical Exercise and Nutrition
dc.typeReview Article

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