Alien flora of Turkey: checklist, taxonomic composition and ecological attributes

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dc.authoridGroom, Quentin/0000-0002-0596-5376
dc.authoridYazlik, Ayse/0000-0001-7059-0761
dc.authoridPergl, Jan/0000-0002-0045-1974
dc.authoridCossu, Tiziana Antonella/0000-0002-9386-0514
dc.authoridBrundu, Giuseppe/0000-0003-3076-4098
dc.contributor.authorUludağ, Ahmet
dc.contributor.authorAksoy, Necmi
dc.contributor.authorYazlik, Ayse
dc.contributor.authorArslan, Zubeyde Filiz
dc.contributor.authorYazmis, Efecan
dc.contributor.authorUremis, Ilhan
dc.contributor.authorCossu, Tiziana Antonella
dc.date.accessioned2025-01-27T20:47:36Z
dc.date.available2025-01-27T20:47:36Z
dc.date.issued2017
dc.departmentÇanakkale Onsekiz Mart Üniversitesi
dc.description.abstractThe paper provides an updated checklist of the alien flora of Turkey with information on its structure. The alien flora of Turkey comprises 340 taxa, among which there are 321 angiosperms, 17 gymnosperms and two ferns. Of the total number of taxa, 228 (68%) are naturalized and 112 (32%) are casual. There are 275 neophytes (172 naturalized and 103 casual) and 61 archaeophytes (52 naturalized and 9 casual); four species could not be classified with respect to the residence time. In addition, 47 frequently planted taxa with a potential to escape are also listed. The richest families are Asteraceae (38 taxa), Poaceae (30), Fabaceae (23) and Solanaceae (22). As for the naturalized alien plants, the highest species richness is found in Asteraceae (31 taxa), Poaceae (22), Amaranthaceae (18) and Solanaceae (15). The majority of alien taxa are perennial (63.8% of the total number of taxa with this life history assigned, including those with multiple life histories), annuals contribute 33.8% and 2.4% are biennial aliens. Among perennials the most common life forms are phanerophytes, of which 20.3% are trees and 12.6% shrubs; woody vines, stem succulents, and aquatic plants are comparatively less represented. Most of the 340 alien taxa introduced to Turkey have their native ranges in Americas (44.7%) and Asia (27.6%). Of other regions, 9.1% originated in Africa, 4.4% in Eurasia, 3.8% in Australia and Oceania and 3.5% in the Mediterranean. The majority of taxa (71.9%) were introduced intentionally, whereas the remaining (28.1%) were introduced accidentally. Among the taxa introduced intentionally, the vast majority are ornamental plants (55.2%), 10.0% taxa were introduced for forestry and 6.7% as crops. Casual alien plants are most commonly found in urban and ruderal habitats (40.1%) where naturalized taxa are also often recorded (27.3%). Plants that occur as agricultural weeds are typically naturalized rather than casual (16.0% vs 7.1%, respectively). However, (semi) natural habitats in Turkey are often invaded by alien taxa, especially by those that are able to naturalize.
dc.description.sponsorshiplong-term research development project [RVO 67985939]; Premium Academiae award to PP from The Czech Academy of Sciences; COST Action [TD1209, FA1203]; ESENIASTOOLS project; Financial Mechanism of the European Economic Area
dc.description.sponsorshipPP and JP were supported by long-term research development project RVO 67985939 and Premium Academiae award to PP from The Czech Academy of Sciences. The authors also acknowledge support from the COST Action TD1209 Alien Challenge and FA1203 SMARTER. AU and NA have been supported partly by the ESENIASTOOLS project which is funded by the Financial Mechanism of the European Economic Area (2009-2014). We gratefully acknowledge G. Domina and two anonymous reviewers whose comments and suggestions greatly helped to improve the present research.
dc.identifier.doi10.3897/neobiota.35.12460
dc.identifier.endpage85
dc.identifier.issn1619-0033
dc.identifier.issn1314-2488
dc.identifier.issue35
dc.identifier.scopus2-s2.0-85021261163
dc.identifier.scopusqualityQ1
dc.identifier.startpage61
dc.identifier.urihttps://doi.org/10.3897/neobiota.35.12460
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12428/24977
dc.identifier.wosWOS:000405282400003
dc.identifier.wosqualityQ1
dc.indekslendigikaynakWeb of Science
dc.indekslendigikaynakScopus
dc.language.isoen
dc.publisherPensoft Publishers
dc.relation.ispartofNeobiota
dc.relation.publicationcategoryinfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
dc.rightsinfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
dc.snmzKA_WoS_20250125
dc.subjectAlien flora
dc.subjectTurkey
dc.subjectcasual and naturalized alien plants
dc.titleAlien flora of Turkey: checklist, taxonomic composition and ecological attributes
dc.typeArticle

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