BPEI-Based N-Doped Carbon Dots with Sensitive and Selective Cu2+ Ion-Sensing Ability

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dc.authorid0000-0003-0120-530X
dc.contributor.authorDemirci, Sahin
dc.contributor.authorTorres, Jorge H.
dc.contributor.authorSahiner, Nurettin
dc.date.accessioned2026-02-03T11:59:51Z
dc.date.available2026-02-03T11:59:51Z
dc.date.issued2025
dc.departmentÇanakkale Onsekiz Mart Üniversitesi
dc.description.abstractIn this research, we examined the potential sensor characteristics of branched polyethyleneimine (BPEI)-derived carbon dots (CDs) synthesized using BPEI as a nitrogen source and citric acid (CA) as a carbon source, specifically for the recognition of various metal ions. Among the BPEI CDs produced with different amounts of BPEI to CA BPEI:CA ratios of 0.5:1, 1:1, and 2:1 w/w, named as BPEI0.5 CD, BPEI1 CD, and BPEI2 CD, respectively. The BPEI0.5 CD, which contains the least BPEI, exhibited the highest fluorescence intensity: 50,300 a.u. in a 0.6 mg/mL solution were recorded as lambda(em): 420 nm at lambda(ex): 360 nm and 600 V PMT voltage with 5 nm of slit width for both excitation and emission. We investigated the fluorescence variations in BPEI CD-based CDs in 2 mL solutions containing Cd2+, Co2+, Cu2+, Ni2+, and Pb2+ metal ions at various concentrations. Amongst these metal ions, the most pronounced sensitivity was noted for Cu2+ ions with a limit of detection (LOD) value of 0.39 ppm. For BPEI CDs created with BPEI:CA ratios of 0.5:1, 1:1, and 2:1 w/w, the sensitivity to Cu2+ ions increased with a higher BPEI ratio, with a LOD value of 0.30 ppm recorded for BPEI2 CDs. Moreover, Cu2+ ion solutions were prepared from various salts, including chloride, acetate, nitrate, and sulfate; aside from some fluorescence variation observed for BPEI0.5 CDs, no significant difference in BPEI CD fluorescence change was observed with the use of the various salt solutions of Cu2+ ion. In quenching experiments conducted on mixtures of Cd2+, Co2+, Cu2+, Ni2+, and Pb2+ metal ions with Cu2+, it was noted that BPEI CDs displayed selectivity for Cu2+ ions. Furthermore, the structures of BPEI CDs have been effectively utilized in real water samples, such as tap water and seawater, demonstrating a quenching capability of over 65% in the presence of 50 ppm Cu2+ ions.
dc.description.sponsorshipTurkish Academy of Sciences (TUBA)
dc.description.sponsorshipThe support from the Turkish Academy of Sciences (TUBA) is greatly Apricated (N. Sahiner).
dc.identifier.doi10.3390/mi16111275
dc.identifier.issn2072-666X
dc.identifier.issue11
dc.identifier.pmid41302793
dc.identifier.scopus2-s2.0-105023109643
dc.identifier.scopusqualityQ1
dc.identifier.urihttps://doi.org/10.3390/mi16111275
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12428/34442
dc.identifier.volume16
dc.identifier.wosWOS:001625807400001
dc.identifier.wosqualityQ2
dc.indekslendigikaynakWeb of Science
dc.indekslendigikaynakScopus
dc.indekslendigikaynakPubMed
dc.language.isoen
dc.publisherMdpi
dc.relation.ispartofMicromachines
dc.relation.publicationcategoryMakale - Uluslararası Hakemli Dergi - Kurum Öğretim Elemanı
dc.rightsinfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
dc.snmzKA_WOS_20260130
dc.subjectfluorescence quenching
dc.subjectmetal ion sensor
dc.subjectselective Cu2+ sensing
dc.subjectenvironmental water
dc.subjectCu2+ sensor
dc.titleBPEI-Based N-Doped Carbon Dots with Sensitive and Selective Cu2+ Ion-Sensing Ability
dc.typeArticle

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