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Öğe A new maximum length for the grey triggerfish, Balistes capriscus Gmelin, 1789 for the Mediterranean Sea and first confirmed record in the Çanakkale Strait (Turkish Strait System)(2022) Kale, Semih; Tan, EvrenA single specimen of the grey triggerfish, Balistes capriscus Gmelin, 1789, was caught by a speargun at 18 m water depth in the vicinity of the Çanakkale Strait in the Turkish Straits System, between the Aegean Sea and the Marmara Sea. Its total length was 57.8 cm and weight was 2270 g. The given size is the maximum observed length for the grey triggerfish, B. capriscus, in the Mediterranean Sea. In addition, this paper also documented the first confirmed record of the grey triggerfish, B. capriscus in the Çanakkale Strait (the Turkish Straits System).Öğe An investigation on the conversion of functional materials of fish bones as waste products using surface modification methods(Natl Inst Science Communication-Niscair, 2018) Kizilkayal, Bayram; Tan, Evren; Bahceci, Dilek; Ormanci, Hasan Basri; Öztekin, AlkanIn this study, fish bones as a waste product in fish industry was investigated whether it is suitable to chemical modification. The surface modification on the surfaces of bone particles was made on two step using silanization and schiff base reaction. In brief, the fish bones were cleaned in order to make them ready for chemical proceeding. Chemical modifications were performed on the surface of fish bone particles. Firstly, free amine (-NH2) group was obtained in molecule by silanization of the surfaces of fish bones with 3-aminopropyl-triethoxysilane (S-1). Afterwards, amine groups that exist on the surface of bones were reacted with 2-ethyl-2H-pyrazole-3-carbaldehyde (B-5) that includes aldehyde groups. The materials gained were analysed with Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), scanning electron microscopy - energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (SEM-EDS) and zeta for their potency. In SEM-EDS analysis, the band of silicon (Si) and nitrogen (N) elements of molecules modified can be clearly seen. Bruanaver Emmet Teller (BET) surface areas of the materials acquired were investigated. BET surface area of the unprocessed apatite is 5.6 m(2)/g and the surface area of apatite modified with B-5 is 1, 8 m(2)/g. The amount of B-5 bonded on the surface of bone is calculated as 164 mu mol/g. According to the results, it can be said that waste fish bones are applicable for chemical processing and they can be used in various fields.Öğe Determination of total Carotene and Chlorophyll contents of tellina (Donax trunculus Linnaeus, 1758) using UV spectrophotometer in Black Sea(Arman Darya Inc, 2020) Tan, Evren; Kizilkaya, BayramPresent study investigates monthly changes of the total carotene and chlorophyll a content of tellina (Donax trunculus Linnaeus, 1758) from Kefken territory on the Black Sea coast between 2013 and 2014. The total carotene and chlorophyll analysis was determined by UV spectrophotometer. Three different calculation methods were used for total carotenoid calculation. The methods that have been chosen are comparable with the available methods in the literature. The highest carotene amount was determined in March about 78.91 mu g/g as Car 2 (secondary carotene calculation method). Furthermore, the lowest carotene amount was determined in November. The highest and the lowest amount of chlorophyll-a was detected in July about 84.90 +/- 2.60 mu g/g and June about 8.11 +/- 0.39 mu g/g, respectively. It is possible to say that tellina can be consumed as food. In respect of the detections in this study, it can be said that tellina can be conveniently consumed between February and July depending on the territory.Öğe Fatty acid profiles in wild axillary seabream (Pagellus acarne) versus cage-aggregated and cage-farmed fish with reference to nutritional contribution for human consumers(Central Fisheries Research Institute, 2018) Öztekin, Alkan; Yigit, Murat; Kizilkaya, Bayram; Ucyol, Nail; Yılmaz, Sevdan; Tan, Evren; Bulut, MusaFatty acid profiles of cage-farmed axillary seabream (Pagellus acarne) were compared with their wild representatives aggregated around the cage system and those from a distance area far from the fish farm. Wild fish contained higher levels of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA; 36.47 g/100 g lipid) than the cage-aggregated (30.16 g/100 g lipid) or cage-farmed fish (29.20 g/100 g lipid). However, the most salient difference between wild and farmed-fish was the fat content with two-times higher levels in the latter (7.70% versus 3.05%). This resulted in a higher nutritional contribution of eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), which totally covered the recommendations of European Food Safety Authority (EFSA) with higher rate in cage-farmed (140%, CFF) and cage-aggregated axillary seabream (130%, CAF) compared to the wild populations of P. acarne from distant area (99%, WCF). As a result, all fish either farmed, cage-aggregated or wild-caught individuals met the minimum nutritional contribution for EPA+DHA in the order of CFF > CAF > WCF. © 2018, Central Fisheries Research Institute. All rights reserved.Öğe İminopodand ve geçiş metal komplekslerinin sentezi, yapılarının aydınlatılması(Çanakkale Onsekiz Mart Üniversitesi, 2014) Tan, Evren; Yıldız, MustafaBu çalışmada 1,2-bis-(2-kloroetoksi)etan ile 4-nitrofenol' ün sodyum tuzunun DMF ortamındaki reaksiyonundan nitropodand (1), bu bileşiğin indirgenmesi ile de aminopodand (2) sentezlendi. Aminopodand 2 bileşiğinin sırasıyla salisilaldehit, 5-klorosalisilaldehit, 5-bromosalisilaldehit, 5-hidroksisalisilaldehit, 5-metoksisalisilaldehit ve 2-hidroksi-1-naftaldehit ile etanol ortamındaki reaksiyonundan Schiff bazı türü iminopodand bileşikleri (3-8) elde edildi. Bileşik 3' ün etanol ortamında Mn(II), Fe(II), Co(II), Ni(II) ve Cu(II) katyonları ile reaksiyonundan Schiff bazı metal kompleksleri (3a-3e) hazırlandı. Sentezlenen bileşiklerin yapıları FT-IR, UV-VIS., 1H-NMR, 13C-NMR ve TGA spektrumları verilerinden faydalanılarak aydınlatıldı. Ayrıca sentezlenen tüm Schiff bazı iminopodand bileşikleri ile komplekslerinin, mikroorganizmalara karşı antimikrobiyal aktiviteleri incelendi. Anahtar sözcükler: Schif Bazı, Metal Kompleksleri, Spektroskopik Yöntemler, İminopodand, Antimikrobiyal Aktivite.Öğe Investigation of Heavy Metal Content of Tellina (Donax trunculus Linnaeus, 1758) in Black Sea Region (Kefken)(2019) Tan, Evren; Kızılkaya, BayramIn this study, monthly change of the heavy metal composition of tellina (Donax trunculus Linnaeus, 1758) from Kefken territory on the Black Sea coast between 2013 and 2014 was investigated. Heavy metal analysis was determined by ICP-OES. Mercury (Hg) and tin (Sn) were not detected during the period of 12 months. Lead (Pb) was detected in November, December, January, February, and March and it was calculated as 12.97 ?g/g on average. The highest amount of lead was detected in December as 16.08±0.82 ?g/g. The amounts of cadmium (Cd), cobalt (Co) and nickel (Ni) were determined between November and April and it was seen that they had average values such as 0.45 ?g/g Cd, 0.91 ?g/g Co and 4.46 ?g/g Ni. Chrome was detected during the 12 months and it was calculated as 4.19 ?g/g on average. The highest and the lowest amounts of chrome were detected in January as 16.71±2.11 and August as 0.70±0.05, respectively. In addition, it was seen that during the period this study was held, between 2013 and 2014, there were dramatic temperature changes and the instant temperature changes positively affected the accumulation of heavy metal in the species. Despite the fact that the instant temperature changes positively affect the accumulation of heavy metals in the live metabolism, it is better to handle the subject regarding the effects of global warming on living things. It is possible to say that tellina can be consumed as food in convenient times. In respect of the detections in this study, it can be said that tellina can be conveniently consumed between April and October depending on the territory.Öğe Karadeniz bölgesinden (Kefken) toplanan kum şırlanlarının (Donax trunculus linnaeus, 1758) besin içeriklerinin belirlenmesi(Çanakkale Onsekiz Mart Üniversitesi, Lisansüstü Eğitim Enstitüsü, 2020) Tan, Evren; Kızılkaya, BayramÇift kabuklular, dünyanın birçok bölgesinde tüketimi olan su ürünlerindendir. Bu türlerin hem avcılık hem de yetiştiricilik açısından yüksek bir potansiyele sahip olduğu bilinmektedir. Çift kabuklu türlerinden Donax trunculus (Kum Şırlanı) dünyada tüketimi oldukça fazla olan bir üründür. Bu çalışmada, Karadeniz Kefken kıyısından, Kasım 2013 – Ekim 2014 tarihleri arasında 12 ay boyunca aylık olarak örnekleme yapılan D. trunculus'un gıdasal bileşenleri ve besleyici özellikleri araştırılmıştır. Çalışma kapsamında, % yağ içerikleri oranı % 7,70 (Eylül) ile % 12,84 (Şubat) arasında değişkenlik göstermiştir. Doymuş yağ asitleri % 28,89 ile 45,30 arasında, doymamış yağ asitleri ise % 54,70 ile 71,11 arasında aylara göre değişkenlik göstermiştir. Çoklu doymamış yağ asidi (PUFA) ve ω3 yağ asitlerinden olan EPA (cis-5,8,11,14,17-eikosapentaenoik asit) % 5,95 ile 11,22 ve DHA (dokozahekzaenoik asit) ise % 19,16 ile 31,56 arasında değiştiği belirlenmiştir. Çalışma kapsamında 8 esansiyel ve 6'sı esansiyel olmayan amino asit olmak üzere toplam 14 farklı amino asit içeriği analiz edilmiştir. Esansiyel olmayan amino asitler en düşük 14,79 g/100g ile Aralık ayında ve en yüksek 23,09 g/100g ile Şubat ayında belirlenmiştir. Toplam karetenoit miktarı 21,88 ile 77,96 µg/g arasında değiştiği gözlemleniştir. Vitamin açısından retinol (Vitamin A) zengin olduğu ve 12-59 µg/g arasında değiştiği, α-tokoferol (Vitamin E) açısından ise 3-6 µg/g arasında değiştiği belirlenmiştir. Suda çözüne vitaminlerden B1, B2, ve B12 vitaminlerini içerdiği, B12 olarak zengin bir besin olduğu belirlenmiştir. D. trunculus'un (Kum Şırlanı) makro (Na, Mg, Ca, K, ) ve mikro elemetler (Fe, Zn, Cu) bakımından besleyici değerlere sahip olduğu belirlenmiştir. Çalışma kapsamında türün kabuk yapısı incelenmiş analizler sonucunda D. trunculus kabuğunun biyojenik kaynaklı olan aragonit yapısına daha yakın olduğu belirlenmiştir. Çalışma kapsamında türün 12 aylık boyunca ağır metal analizleri yapılmış ve tüketim açısından risk oluşturacak seviyede ağır metal belirlenememiş olup en uygun tüketim zamanının bahar aylarında olduğu görülmüştür. Sonuç olarak, D. trunculus protein, yağ, vitamin, amino asit ve diğer besleyici temel içerikler açısından zengin olup su ürünleri içerisinde gıda olarak tüketimi uygun bir türdür. Anahtar sözcükler: Donax trunculus, Kum Şırlanı, Yağ Asidi, Vitamin, SEM, X-RDÖğe Nutritional quality of amino acid in farmed, farm-aggregated and wild Axillary seabream (Pagellus acarne) with implications to Human Health(Wiley, 2020) Öztekin, Alkan; Yigit, Murat; Kizilkaya, Bayram; Ucyol, Nail; Tan, Evren; Yılmaz, Sevdan; Bulut, MusaThis study evaluated the nutritional quality of farmed and wild axillary seabream (Pagellus acarne R., 1827) focusing on amino acid profiles, with regards to possible interactions with wild fish aggregating around the cage facility. Total amino acids ( n-ary sumation AA), essential amino acids ( n-ary sumation EAA), non-essential amino acids ( n-ary sumation NEAA) and neutral amino acids ( n-ary sumation NAA) in farmed fish were lower than those in the wild individuals (p > .05). Amino acid pattern in cage-aggregated fish showed a slight decline from the wild populations, but still higher than the farmed fish. Based on the amino acid scores (AAS), lysine and leucine could be underlined as the 'first limiting amino acids', but all other AASs were over '1', in accordance with reference amino acid contents of FAO/WHO (>1.00), showing that farmed axillary seabream provides high nutritional quality and can be considered as a favourable protein source. The ratios of n-ary sumation EAA/ n-ary sumation AA (44%-46%) and n-ary sumation EAA/ n-ary sumation NEAA (79%-86%) exceeded the minimum recommendation of 40% and >60% by FAO/WHO for all three groups. It can be concluded that axillary seabream either farmed, farm-aggregated or distant wild fish presented high-quality protein generating a healthy source for human food.
