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    An investigation of probable relationships between depressive symptoms, mixed symptoms and affective temperaments in a sample of pregnant women
    (Istanbul Universitesi, 2018) Taş, Halil İbrahim; Pek, İbrahim Eren
    Objective: Antenatal depression is associated with several obstetric complications that pose a risk for both maternal and fetal health. The recognition of mixed characters in the major depressive period is very important for the prognosis and treatment choice. Recent studies have reported remarkable relationships between affective temperaments and mood disorders. In this context, the current study aims at determining the frequency of depressive symptoms in a sample of pregnant women and investigating the probable relationships between mixed depressive symptoms and characteristics of temperament. Method: This study was conducted at Dinar State Hospital from January 2018 to July 2018. It included 164 volunteers comprising of pregnant women who were consecutively referred to the Obstetrics and Gynecology Outpatient Clinic. The pregnant participants filled out a sociodemographic data form, Beck’s Depression Inventory (BDI), Modified Hypomania Checklist (MHC), and TEMPS-A (Temperament Evaluation of Memphis, Pisa, Paris, San Diego Autoquestionnaire) inventories. Results: The participants’ BDI median score was found to be 5.00 ± 4.00, and 4.3% pregnant women scored above the BDI cutoff value. MHC mean score was 2.00 ± 2.00. There was only one pregnant woman with mixed-symptom depression risk. Despite the absence of a significant correlation between TEMPS-A sub-inventory scores and MHC, BDI, and TEMPS-A sub-inventory scores presented significant correlations. Conclusions: Our findings suggest that pregnancy neither increases the risk of depressive symptoms nor could be considered a protective factor for the progression of depressive symptoms. Bearing in mind the characteristics of temperament in the scanning of antenatal depression and taking them into account for the intervention plans might be valuable. Further prospective studies are essential for the better evaluation of the presence and impacts of mixed symptoms in the gestational depression. © 2019, Istanbul Universitesi. All rights reserved.
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    Evaluation of Depression with Mixed Features and Bipolarity Screening in Patients with Epilepsy
    (AVES, 2021) Akıncı, Erhan; Başaran, Şehnaz; Taş, Halil İbrahim
    Objective: To investigate depression with mixed features (MXD) and risk of bipolarity and to explore the association between clinical variables in patients with epilepsy. Materials and Methods: A total of 62 patients who were followed up with epilepsy diagnosis at least 2 years were enrolled. Demographic and clinical data were collected using face to face interview. All subjects also performed modified hypomania checklist (mHCL), Beck depression inventory (BDI), and the mood disorder questionnaire (MDQ). Results: According to the BDI, 25 (40.3%) of the cases required additional psychiatric examination for depression. MDQ scores indicated that 7 (9.7%) of the cases required additional psychiatric evaluation for bipolar disorder. Due to the mHCL assessment, 20 (32.2%) cases had at least 3 manic symptoms, and 9 (14.5%) cases had at least 13 manic symptoms of mixed depression. A significant positive correlation was found between the scores of BDI and mHCL (r = 0.338, P = .007) and the scores of mHCL and MDQ (r = 0.694, P < .001). In addition, bipolarity risk was significantly higher in patients with generalized epilepsy, than partial epilepsy (P = .040). Conclusion: Our results suggest that MXD is more common and the risk of bipolarity is higher in patients with epilepsy. Therefore, clinical assessment of MXD is substantial for determining bipolarity in epileptic individuals.
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    Majör Depresif Bozukluk Tanılı Hastalarda Yeme Tutumu ve Vücut Kompozisyonunun Depresyon Şiddetiyle İlişkisi
    (2019) Ertekin, Hülya; Taş, Halil İbrahim; Ertekin, Yusuf Haydar; Yıldızoğlu, Çiler Açar
    Amaç: Majör depresif bozukluk ve obezite, tüm dünyada sık rastlanan, yüksek ekonomik maliyetlere neden olan, sıklıkla birliktelikgösteren hastalıklardır. Obezite tipi ve vücut yağ oranı dağılımıdepresyonla ilişkili önemli faktörlerdir. Bu çalışmada, majör depresif bozukluk tanılı bireylerin depresyon şiddeti, yeme tutumu özellikleri ve vücut kompozisyonlarının değerlendirilerek sağlıklı bireylerle karşılaştırılması amaçlanmıştır.Materyal ve Metot: Bu çalışmaya Ocak-Mart 2018 tarihleri arasındaMajör Depresif Bozukluk tanısı konulan 30 hasta ile 30 sağlıklı bireydahil edildi. Tüm katılımcıların Bioimpedans analizi ile vücut kompozisyonu (vücut yağ ağırlığı ve oranları) ölçümleri yapıldı. KatılımcılarSosyodemografik veri formu, Beck Depresyon ve Anksiyete Ölçeğive Yeme Tutum Testi ölçeklerini doldurdu.Bulgular: Yaş, cinsiyet ve eğitim durumu gibi sosyodemografikveriler ile vücut kitle indeksi, yeme tutumları, vücut ve abdominalyağ oranı bakımından hasta ve kontrol grubu arasında istatistikselolarak anlamlı fark saptanmadı (sırasıyla p=0,35, p=0,51, p=0,10,p=0,43, p=0,40, p=0,56). Hastaların eğitim düzeyiyle vücut kitle indeksi, vücut ve abdominal yağ oranı arasında negatif korelasyonsaptandı (sırasıyla; r=-0,50, p<0,001; r=-0,65, p<0,001; r=-0,48,p=0,001; r=-0,54, p<0,001). Hastaların anksiyete düzeyiyle abdominal yağ yüzdesi arasında negatif korelasyon saptandı (r=-0,415;p=0,039).Sonuç: Majör depresif bozukluğu olan bireylerdeki anksiyete belirtilerinin ayrıntılı olarak değerlendirilmesi ve eşik altı anksiyete belirtilerinin tedavisi, bu hasta grubunda genel beden sağlığı açısındankoruyucu olabilir.
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    Predictive factors of quality of life in temporal and extratemporal lobe epilepsy: association with affective temperament profiles and psychiatric comorbidities
    (Associacao Arquivos de Neuro-Psiquiatria, 2021) Başaran, Şehnaz; Taş, Halil İbrahim
    Background: Investigating predictive factors of reduced quality of life (QOL) of patients and their association with focal epilepsy can improve management and treatment strategies. Objective: This study aimed to investigate the relationship between affective temperaments, depression, anxiety, disease characteristics, and QOL and to explore the predictors of QOL in patients with temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE) and extratemporal lobe epilepsy (ETLE). Methods: A total of 50 patients with TLE, 51 patients with ETLE, and 70 controls were enrolled. Affective temperaments were evaluated using the Temperament Evaluation of Memphis, Pisa, Paris, and San Diego-Autoquestionnaire (TEMPS-A). QOL was assessed by the Short-Form Health Survey (SF-36). Beck Depression Inventory and Beck Anxiety Inventory were used to explore depression and anxiety severity, respectively. Results: Compared with the controls, patients with TLE and ETLE had significantly higher scores on all TEMPS-A scales, except on hyperthymic temperament. All the SF-36 subscale scores were lower in the TLE and ETLE groups. Linear regression analysis revealed that depressive symptoms, anxiety, depressive and irritable temperament, and seizure frequency were significant predictors of QOL in TLE. Patients with ETLE with temperamental disturbances, depressive symptoms, and polytherapy had a poorer QOL. Conclusions: Affective temperaments, psychiatric disorders, and clinical factors may predict impaired QOL in patients with TLE and ETLE. Further studies are needed to identify predictors of QOL in various epilepsy subtypes.
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    Premenstrual Dysphoric Disorder and Affective Temperament in Patients with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome
    (2018) Ertekin, Hülya; Şahin, Başak; Taş, Halil İbrahim; Beyazıt, Fatma; Aşık, Mehmet; Ertekin, Yusuf Haydar
    INTRODUCTION: This study aimed to evaluate the affectivetemperaments of women with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome(PCOS), to assess its comorbidity with PremenstrualDysphoric Disorder (PMDD) and compare with HealthyControls (HC).METHODS: A total of 20 women with PCOS and 20 HC wereincluded in this study. Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale(HADS) and Temperament Evaluation of Memphis, Pisa, Parisand San Diego-Autoquestionnaire version (TEMPS-A) wereapplied to all participants. The Diagnoses of PMDD and otherpsychiatric disorders were made by staff psychiatristsinterviewing all participants using DSM-5 diagnostic criteria.RESULTS: The comorbidity of PMDS in patients with PCOSwas 30% (n=6), while it was 15% (n=3) in the HC group.PMDS proportions did not differ significantly between groups.Patients with PCOS had higher major depression (25%, n=5)and anxiety disorders (20%, n=4) compared with HCs, butonly anxiety disorders were significantly higher in PCOS thanthe HC group (p=0.03).DISCUSSION and CONCLUSION: Patients with PCOS mayhave more comorbidity risk of PMDD, which is a mooddisorder according to DSM–5, and associated with menstrualcycles. Considering and treating PMDD and other psychiatricconditions may increase the quality of life and functionality ofwomen with PCOS.
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    Protective effect of metformin against lithium-induced cerebral neurotoxicity in rats
    (2021) Malçok, Ümit Ali; Şehitoğlu, Müşerref Hilal; Buyuk, Basak; Taş, Halil İbrahim
    Neurotoxic effects are seen in patients using lithium regardless of dose. The neuroprotective activity of metformin used in the treatment of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus is known. In this study, the protective efficacy of metformin against the neurotoxic effects of lithium was investigated. Neurotoxicity was induced by administering high dose oral lithium (40 mmol/kg) to rats for two weeks. Four groups were formed, with 6 rats in each group. OSI indices were calculated by measuring serum TAS and TOS levels. TAS, TOS, OSI, Gpx ADAM10, and ADAM17 levels were measured in the brain tissue. The neuroprotective activity of metformin was examined histopathologically by calculating the pyknosis scores, vacuolization, and interstitial edema in the hippocampus and cortex tissues. When lithium and metformin were given together, serum levels of TAS, TOS, and OSI were lower than that of the Lithium group (p<0.001), whereas the TAS level in the brain tissue was higher than that of the lithium group (p<0.05). With the concomitant administration of lithium and metformin, ADAM10 levels decreased (p<0.05), whereas ADAM17 and Gpx levels increased (p>0.05). In histopathological evaluation, pyknosis, interstitial edema, and vacuolization scores of the hippocampus and cortex regions increased with lithium alone but were low when lithium was given together with metformin. Levels of the antioxidant molecules Gpx and TAS decreased with lithium, and ADAM10 and ADAM17 proteins, which indicate the strength of intercellular bonding, increased by administering metformin. In conclusion, the toxic effect of lithium on brain tissue was reduced by metformin.
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    Protective effect of metformin on lithium-induced nephrogenic diabetes insipidus: An experimental study in rats
    (Wroclaw University of Medicine, 2021) Taş, Halil İbrahim; Sancak, Eyüp Burak
    Background. Lithium is widely used in the treatment of bipolar disorders and may lead to nephrogenic diabetes insipidus (NDI), following long-term treatment. Metformin is considered the preferred initial therapy for patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2D). Objectives. To investigate the protective effect of metformin on the kidney damage caused by lithium administration. Materials and methods. Using an animal model of chronic lithium-induced NDI, rats were divided into 4 groups: sham, metformin, lithium, and lithium + metformin. The effects of these treatments were examined using serum electrolytes, blood and tissue total antioxidant status, total oxidant status, the oxidative stress index, urine and blood osmolality, and tissue aquaporin-2 (AQP2) levels. Additionally, histopathological changes, including congestion, hydropic swelling, tubular necrosis, tubular atrophy, and Bowman’s capsule dilatation, were evaluated. The total histopathological score was obtained by summing the scores for each pathological finding. Results. In the lithium group, biochemical variables indicating NDI, including sodium, chloride and blood osmolality, increased, and urine osmolality decreased, compared to the sham group. With metformin treatment, the blood osmolality decreased from 328.17 mOsm/kg to 306.33 mOsm/kg, and urine osmolality increased from 349.67 mOsm/kg to 754.50 mOsm/kg (p = 0.004 and p = 0.001, respectively). Tissue AQP2 levels decreased with lithium administration but stabilized with metformin treatment. Additionally, in comparison to the lithium group, the total histopathological score in the metformin group declined from 8.0 to 2.0 (p = 0.002). Conclusions. Metformin may help protect the kidneys from lithium-induced NDI through the AQP2 regulating effect and a reduction in oxidative stress.