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Öğe A new nonsurgical experimental model for Asherman syndrome created in rats(2018) Büyük, BaşakAim: Asherman Syndrome (AS) is a partial or complete obstruction of the uterine cavity with adhesions as a result of trauma. In pre-clinical studies, to be able to show the effectiveness of new treatment methods, first of all, the AS model needs to be created in the animals. The aim of this study is to develop a new and effective nonsurgical method for using in AS and intrauterine adhesions modeling, and through this way, to propose a more effective method for researchers in terms of safety and feasibility. Methods: Twelve female Wistar Albino rats were divided into two groups. It was reached to the left uterine horn transvaginally by using pre-prepared pink color (20 gauge) cannula. While 0.2 ml normal saline was applied to the animals in Group I (control group), 0.2 ml (Trichloroacetic acid) TCA was applied to the animals in Group II (experiment group).The right uterine horns of the animals were left without treatment. After three menstrual cycles, the animals were sacrificed and Hematoxylin-Eosin and Masson’s Trichrom stainings were performed and evaluated histopathologically. Inflammation was evaluated in Hematoxylin-Eosin staining and fibrosis was evaluated in Masson’s Trichrom staining. Results: Whereas the uterine sections of the Group I have normal histologic appearance, inflammation and fibrosis were found in the left uterine sections of the Group 2 by histopathological evaluation. Results were statistically significant (p=0.002). Conclusion: The proposed nonsurgical AS modeling method created disease, and this was also revealed by histopathological examinations. Through this way, a new AS model is suggested without surgery, in which the disease is correctly created.Öğe Alterations in aquaporin gene expression level on cyclophosphamide-induced cardiac injury and possible protective role of Ganoderma lucidum(Springer, 2021) Öztopuz, Özlem; Coşkun, Özlem; Büyük, BaşakThis research study was conducted to investigate the cardioprotective activity of alcoholic extract of Ganoderma lucidum (GL) against cyclophosphamide (CYP)-induced cardiotoxicity in rats model. Therewithal, the regulation in the expression level of Aquaporin (AQP) water channels in the heart was evaluated. Cardiotoxicity was induced in Wistar rats by administering a singledose injection of CYP (200 mg/kg, i.p.) on the seventh day of the experimental period. GL (500 mg/kg, gavage) was administered daily for seven days. Cardiac alteration following CYP and GL administration was evaluated using electrocardiographic changes, morphological staining, AQP gene expression and western blot analysis. It was observed that the CYP administration significantly (p < 0.001) increased cardiac troponin- I (cTn-I) and elevated the level of creatine kinase isoenzyme MB (CK-MB). Further, rats treated with CYP showed increased expression levels of AQP-3, -4 and − 7 compared to the control group. The treatment with GL significantly (p < 0.001) reversed the level of cardiac biomarkers in CYP-induced cardiotoxicity. Potential cardioprotective effect of GL which reduced the severity of cellular damage of the myocardium was supported by histopathological examination. The biochemical, expressional and histopathological reports supported the cardioprotective activity of GL which could be attributed to changes in myocardial edema. To the best knowledge of the authors, this is the first study that reports the cardioprotective role of GL in CYP-induced myocardial edema and the changes in the expression levels of AQP.Öğe Can amniotic fluid be an alternative organ preservation solution for cold renal storage?(Asociacion Regional de Dialisi y Transplantes Renales de Capital Federal y Provincia de Buenos Aires, 2020) Büyük, Başak; Demirci, Tuba; Adalı, Yasemen; Eroğlu, Hüseyin AvniIntroduction: Kidney-transplantation is a lifesaving treatment option for patients with chronic renal failure. Preserving the viability of the organ from the removal of the organ until transplantation into the recipient is one of the most essential factors affecting postransplant success. Kidney tissue is exposed to ischemia following removal of the organ from the donor, initiating some cellular events. Amniotic fluid (AF) was previously reported as a preservation solution for the liver, but not for the kidney yet. The aim of this study is to investigate the effectiveness of AF as a preserving solution for rat kidneys compared with the University of Wisconsin (UW) and Histidine-Tryptophan- Ketoglutarate (HTK), which are reported to be the most commonly used and preferred preserving solutions. Methods: Forty male Wistar albino rats were used in this study in four experimental groups. Group 1: Ringer Lactate (RL, Control) group, Group 2: HTK group, Group 3: UW group, and Group 4: AF group. A midline incision was performed, and the renal artery was isolated under ketamine and xylazine anesthesia. Solutions relevant for groups (cooled to + 4°C) were used for kidney perfusion. Nephrectomy was applied, and the removed kidneys were placed into + 4°C standard organ storage solution and stored at + 4° C for 12 hours. After 12 hours of storage, samples from the kidney tissues were fixed in 10% neutral buffered formalin. Histopathological, immunohistochemistry evaluation and apoptosis detection via TUNEL method were performed. Results: The results of the AF group were close to those of the UW and HTK groups. Tubular necrosis and vacuolization were high in the RL solution group when compared to the other experimental groups. Immunohistochemistry staining for all three markers (TNF-alpha, IL-18, and iNOS) was decreased in the amniotic fluid group, similar to the UW and HTK groups. Also, the number of apoptotic cells was decreased in the AF group compared to control. Conclusions: UW, HTK, and AF had similar and higher protective effects compared to the RL solution. Thus, AF may be used as an inexpensive and readily available alternative natural tissue preservation solution. © 2020, Asociacion Regional de Dialisi y Transplantes Renales de Capital Federal y Provincia de Buenos Aires. All rights reserved.Öğe CAN GANODERMA LUCIDUM BE AN ALTERNATIVE NUTRITIONAL SUPPLEMENT FOR ENHANCING SPERM MOTILITY RATE?(İzmir Demokrasi Üniversitesi, 2021) Büyük, Başak; Demirci, Tuba; Demir, Neslihan; Türkön, HakanGanoderma lucidum (GL) is a widely used medicinal mushroom. The therapeutic effect of this fungus on many diseases has been proven by studies. The aim of this study is to assess the effects of low, moderate and high dose GL extract administration on the testis tissue, spermatogenic series cells and sperm motility in rats. 40 Wistar albino rats were randomly divided into 4 groups. Rats in group 1, 2, 3 and 4 were administered 2 ml physiologic serum, 500 mg/kg, 2500 mg/kg, 5000 mg/kg Ganoderma lucidum extract 1 time per day via gavage for 9 days, respectively. For evaluation of sperm motility and histopathological changes, epididymal sperm collection and testis harvesting were done. Blood samples were collected for biochemical analysis. When the Group 1 (control group) is compared with Groups 2, 3 and 4, the Johnsen score and sperm motility in these groups increased and this increase was statistically significant. In conclusion, low, moderate, and high doses of GL extract administered to rats were revealed to increase spermatogenesis, epididymal total sperm count and progressive motile sperm counts. However, it is detected that high doses cause minimal damage to the testis and as the increase in sperm parameters wasn’t significant, it’s concluded that doses for oral use above 2500 mg/kg should be avoidedÖğe Correction to: Neuroprotective Effects of Piceatannol on Olfactory Bulb Injury after Subarachnoid Hemorrhage (Mar, 10.1007/s12035-023-03306-x, 2023)(Springer, 2023) Akar, Ali; Öztopuz, Rahime Özlem; Büyük, Başak; Ovalı, Mehmet Akif; Aykora, Damla; Malçok, Ümit Ali[Anstract Not Available]Öğe Effect of miRs-17/20 on vasospasm in subarachnoid hemorrhage model of rats(2022) Büyük, Başak; Malçok, Ümit AliAim: To investigate the effects of melatonin and miRNA-17/20 administration on vasospasm and vascular damage on the bacillary artery in the Subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) model of rats.Methods: Rats were divided into 6 groups: Sham, SAH, SAH+NegmiRNA, SAH+MEL, SAH-miRs-17/20 group, SAH+MEL+miRs-17/20. For creating the SAH model the skin was cut with a vertical incision in the anterior region of the head.120 µL of fresh non-heparinized autologous arterial blood collected from the tail artery was injected into the prechiasmatic cistern under aseptic conditions. All steps in the Sham were the same as in the SAH group, except for blood injection. In the SAH+NegmiRs-17/20, miRs-17/20 miRNA Mimic-Negative Control#1 was administered 1 hour after SAH operation. In the SAH+MEL,10 mg/kg melatonin was administered intraperitoneally 1 hour after the SAH operation. In the SAH-miRs-17/20, mimic-miR-17 and mimic-miR-20 were given intranasally 1 hour after the SAH operation. In the SAH+MEL+miRs-17/20,intranasal mimic-miR-17 and intraperitoneal melatonin were administered 1 hour after the SAH operation. Brain samples, including the bacillary artery, were taken and subjected to routine tissue processing procedures. Vessel samples were evaluated and graded in histological sections stained with the H-E method in terms of vasospasm, edema in the tunica media, and folding of the lamina elastica interna.Results: The co-administration of melatonin and miRs-17/20 reduced the vasospasm and edema formation in the vessel wall. It has also been demonstrated that the application of miRs-17/20 after SAH alone reduces the development of edema in the vessel wall and folding of the internasal lamina elastica due to vasospasm.Conclusion: It has been shown that miRs-17/20 can reduce vasospasm in the vessel wall and prevent vessel damage by reducing edema.Öğe EFFECTS OF CORTICOSTEROID AND ANTIHISTAMINIC INJECTIONS ON COLD-INDUCED STRESS ON RAT BLADDER TISSUE: AN EXPERIMENTAL STUDY(2020) Eroğlu, Hüseyin Avni; Büyük, Başak; Adalı, Yasemen; Demir, AslanObjective: Cold is a stress-inducing factor that can cause changes in bladder function in various ways. The present study is intended to investigate the effects of corticosteroid and antihistaminic treatment on acutely and chronically induced cold stress. Material and Methods: Forty-two female rats were randomly divided into seven groups as follows: Control group; Acute cold-stress (ACS) group; ACS+ corticosteroid (CORT) group; ACS+CORT + Antihistaminic group; Cronic cold-stres (CCS) group; CSS+CORT group; CSS+CORT+Antihistaminic group. On the 15th day after these treatments, bladders of the rats were harvested for histopathological examinations under general anesthesia and fixed with 10% neutral buffered formaline. Hematoxylin and eosin and toluidine blue stainings were performed. Results: The comparison based on mast cell count yielded the highest value in the CCS group in comparison to the control group. The lowest value was harvested in the CCS + CORT group. The comparison between the CCS groups revealed the highest polymorphonuclear leucocyte (PNL) values in the lamina propria in the CCS group, whereas the CORT and CORT + Antihistaminic treatments were found to have significantly decreased the PNL values in the lamina propria. While the PNL counts in the epithelium were high in the ACS and CCS groups, the results in the ACS and CCS groups that were treated with CORT and/or antihistaminic were revealed to be similar with those in the control group. It was discovered that antihistaminic injection in addition to CORT decreased the lymphocyte counts in epithelium in CCS more efficiently than CORT alone did. Conclusion: The present research revealed that corticosteroid treatment reduced inflammatory cell infiltration and decreased mast cell count. A more evident amelioration was observed particularly in chronic cold stress.Öğe EFFECTS OF DIFFERENT DOSES OF SHIITAKE MUSHROOM (LENTINUS EDODES) ON SPERM PARAMETERS AND TESTICULAR TISSUE IN RATS: AN EXPERIMENTAL STUDY(Pakistan Agricultural Scientists Forum, 2023) Büyük, Başak; Demir, Neslihan; Eroğlu, Hüseyin Avni; Öztopuz, Rahime ÖzlemLentinus edodes has been cultivated and used as food and medicine in far eastern countries.The present study aimed to reveal whether L.edodes that is used for different purposes has a toxic effect on the male genital system and to investigate its relationship with male infertility by showing its effects on sperm parameters. Twenty-four male Wistar rats were randomly divided into three groups as Control (C), Low-dose (LD) and High-dose (HD). Rats in Control were administered saline physiological once a day for 7 days. The LD and HD groups received 100 and 400mg/kg of L.edodes extract, respectively, once daily for 7 days. At the end of 7 days of administration of treatments, semen analysis, micronucleus analysis, gene expression levels and testicular Johnsen scoring was performed. Comparisons between groups without normal distribution were analyzed using Kruskal-Wallis variance analysis and those between groups with normal distribution were analyzed using one-way analysis of variance, followed by Tukey's test. P values of <0.05 were considered statistically significant. It is demonstrated that both low and high doses of extract significantly reduced spermatogenesis in seminiferous tubules found in the testicles of rats. In addition, high-dose administration resulted in decreased total sperm counts, whereas the progressive and non-progressive sperm motility counts were significantly decreased in both experimental groups. The gene expression levels of Casp-3 and TNF-alpha were increased in both the LD and HD groups compared with that in the C. Oral administration of low and high doses of L.edodes led to reduced spermatogenesis in the testicles, tissue damage to the testicle and decreased motile and total sperm counts.Öğe Effects of Melatonin on Aquaporin Channels in Isoproterenolinduced Myocardial Infarction in Rats( Tekirdağ Namık Kemal University, 2023) Tüfekçioğlu, Nezahat Kübra; Büyük, Başak; Uzun, MetehanAim: Myocardial infarction (MI) commonly results in myocardial edema, but the relationship between aquporin channels (AQP) and the effects of melatonin (MEL) on MI are not well known. Therefore, the aim of the current study was to investigate the effects of MEL on myocardial edema and the change of gene expression level of AQP channels in an experimental MI model. Materials and Methods: In this study 28 Wistar Albino male rats were used. MI model was established with isoproterenol (85mg/kg). Rats were divided into four groups as: control, isoproterenol (ISO), melatonin (MEL), and isoproterenol+melatonin (ISO+MEL). MEL group was administered 10 mg/kg MEL for 7 days. On day 8, electrocardiographic recordings and blood samples were obtained. Rats were then euthanized and left ventricle tissues were obtained. cTnI and CK-MB levels were examined to assess the success of MI model. AQP1, AQP3, AQP4, AQP7, TNF-α, BAX and Caspase-3 gene expression levels were determined. Histopathological examination was performed on left ventricle samples for the evaluation of edema and mononuclear cellular infiltration. Results: Histopathological examination and cTnl and CK-MB levels showed that MI model was produced successfully and MEL significantly reduced myocardial edema and decreased AQP1, AQP3, AQP4 and AQP7 gene expression levels. Conclusion: The results show that MEL decreases myocardial edema by reducing AQP channels, suggesting that it could potentially be used to ameliorate the effects of MI.Öğe Effects of Ozone Therapy on Chronic Arsenic Poisoning in Rats(Springer, 2023) Büyük, Başak; Aydeğer, Cemre; Öztopuz, Özlem; Ovalı, Mehmet Akif; Makav, Mustafa; Eroğlu, Hüseyin AvniArsenic (As) is a toxic metalloid that affects many organs through drinking water. This study aims to examine the efficacy of ozone therapy on chronic arsenic toxicity. Twenty-four male Wistar albino rats were housed in individual cages and grouped as control, As, O3, and As + O3. As was applied by adding 5 mg/kg/day in drinking water for 60 days. Ozone therapy was applied at 0.5 mg/kg/day (i.p.) O3 in the last 5 days of the experimental period. Tissues were harvested and analyzed for histopathological injury and apoptotic markers. There was no significant difference between the As + O3 and O3 groups (p = 0.186 and p = 0.599) for light microscopic criteria: inflammatory cell infiltration and hydropic degeneration in liver tissue. In TUNEL assessments, similar outcomes were obtained in the control and As + O3 groups. A statistically significant increase was observed in p53 and Caspase 3 (Casp-3) expression levels in the As group compared to the O3 and As + O3 groups. There was no significant difference between the As + O3 and O3 groups on peritubular hemorrhage and desquamation parameters in kidneys (p = 0.147 and p = 0.094). The KIM-1 expression level was significantly increased in the As group compared to the As + O3 group (p = 0.01), and the Casp-3 expression level was not significantly changed in the O3 group compared to the As + O3 group (p = 0.59). In conclusion, it is determined that ozone therapy has ameliorative effects on the microscopic injury of liver and kidney tissues. In addition to microscopic improvement, KIM-1 gene expression levels were ameliorated in the kidneys. The apoptotic cell counts and the Casp-3 and p53 gene expression levels were decreased by O3 administration. Thus, ozone therapy can be a treatment choice for As toxicity.Öğe Histopathological changes in myocardial tissue due to coronary venous hypertension(Termedia Publishing House Ltd, 2023) Akşit, Ercan; Büyük, Başak; Oğuz, SonayIntroduction: In chronic venous insufficiency (CVI), an increase in venous pressure causes the passage of intravascular blood cells and molecules into the surrounding tissues and induces histopathological changes in the lower extremities, leading to increased pigmentation in the legs, ulceration, and tissue loss to various degrees. This study aimed to investigate whether an increase in venous pressure in the coronary veins can lead to the aforementioned histopathological changes. Material and methods: Twenty-four New Zealand rabbits were divided into the following three groups: experimental model of coronary venous hypertension (CVH) (n = 8), sham group (n = 8), and control group (n = 8). After 21 days postoperatively, tissue samples from each group were compared for perivascular inflammation, erythrocyte extravasation, macrophage infiltration, and hemosiderin deposits by histopathological scoring under a light microscope. Matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2) activation was evaluated using immunohistochemical staining. Results: In the CVH group, hemosiderin accumulation was significantly higher than in the sham and control groups (1.0 (1.0–3.0), 0.0 (0.0–1.0), 0.0 (0.0–0.0); p < 0.001). Immunohistochemically, in the CVH group, MMP-2 levels were significantly higher than in the sham and control groups (2.0 (1.0–3.0), 0.0 (0.0–1.0), 0.0 (0.0–0.0); p < 0.001). Conclusions: This experimental study showed for the first time the histopathological and immunohistochemical changes in myocardial tissue, similar to those observed in CVI, as a result of increased coronary venous pressure due to coronary vein ligation. Further studies are needed to understand the clinical implications of these results.Öğe Hyperbaric oxygen mitigates KIM-1 and inflammatory cytokine levels in kidney transplantation(Undersea & Hyperbaric Medical Soc Inc, 2023) Büyük, Başak; Öztopuz, ÖzlemBackground: The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of hyperbaric oxygen (HBO2) administration during cold ischemic time to organs removed from donors before kidney transplantation. A total of 24 rats were divided into three groups: Group 1 was the control group, Group 2 received 60 minutes of HBO 2 at 2.5 atmospheres absolute, and Group 3 received 120 minutes of 2.5 ATA HBO2. The renal artery was entered with a polyethylene catheter and perfused with a standard organ preservation solution. Falcon tubes containing organs obtained from rats in Groups 2 and 3 were placed in a box supported by ice blocks. The temperature was kept constant at 4 degrees C and the box was placed in a pressure tank with 2.5 ATA HBO2. HBO2 was applied for 60 and 120 minutes, respectively. Organ samples were harvested at the end of 24 hours for histopathological evaluation, immunohistochemical analysis of TNF-alpha and IL- 18, TUNEL analysis for apoptosis, and gene expression levels of kidney injury molecule-1 ( KIM-1) and caspase-3. In histopathological examinations, hematoxylin and eosin staining was performed and samples were evaluated for tubular necrosis and vacuolization criteria. Group 2 and Group 3 had significant decreases compared to Group one in this regard. Immunohistochemical staining was performed for TNF-alpha, IL-18, and apoptosis levels; significant decreases were found in Groups 2 and 3. There were significant decreases in Groups 2 and 3 for KIM-1 and caspase-3 gene expression levels compared to Group 1, as well. Thus, it was demonstrated that during the cold ischemic period before kidney transplantation, HBO2 administration to organs removed from donors can reduce apoptotic cell numbers, inflammatory cytokine release, and histopathological damage to the organs as well as decreasing the expression of the KIM-1 gene, which is an indicator of kidney damage.Öğe Investigation of Lycium barbarum Effects on Ovarium Damage Exposed to N-Methyl-N-Nitrourea(Springer, 2025) Eroğlu, Hüseyin Avni; Büyük, Başak; Aydeğer, Cemre; Demir, Ufuk; Makav, MustafaN-Methyl-N-nitrourea (MNU), is one of the N-nitroso compounds that people are commonly exposed to in various exogenous ways such as diet, tobacco smoke, cosmetics, household goods, indoor air, occupational exposure, etc. It is known that the compound damages organs and tissues in the body, and one of the affected structures is the ovarium. Lycium barbarum, used in medication in ancient China, has become more popular in recent years. Previous studies have mentioned that polysaccharide ingredients are the most bioactive parts of Lycium barbarum. Therefore, this study aims to investigate the effects of Lycium barbarum polysaccharides (LBP) on ovarian tissue damage exposed to MNU. In accordance with this purpose, a total of 12 21-day-old female Wistar Albino rats were divided into two groups: sham and treatment. The animals were administrated with 50 mg/kg MNU (i.p.) on days 21, 28, 35, and 42. The treatment group was treated with 800 mg/kg LBP via intragastric for 30 days. At the end of the study, animals were sacrificed under general anaesthesia, and the ovarian tissues were harvested. Shrinkage of follicles, lytic oocytes, and disintegrated stroma parameters were evaluated histopathologically. The genetic assessment of the Bcl-2, Bax, Bcl-2/Bax ratio, Caspase 3, p53, and p27 expression levels were determined. The histopathological parameters between the groups were statistically significant (for all parameters p < 0.001). Moreover, the Bcl-2, Bcl-2/Bax ratio, and p53 relative fold changes were significantly increased in the treatment group (p < 0.001, p = 0.045, and p = 0.011, respectively). The results revealed that LBP has ameliorative effects on MNU-induced ovarian tissue damage. Further studies are required to clarify the main underlying mechanisms.Öğe Knowledge, attitude and behavior of chemotherapy patients about interventions for fertility preservation: A descriptive sample study from Çanakkale(Nobelmedicus, 2019) Büyük, Başak; Oymak, Sibel; Koral, Lokman; Özerdoğan, ÖzgürObjective: Neoplasm treatments include chemotherapy and radiotherapy methods alternatively in relation to the type of neoplasms. These methods have many side effects for different tissues and organs. One of these side effects is infertility. Infertility is associated with toxic effects of chemotherapeutics to the germ cells. The aim of this study was to investigate the knowledge, attitude and behavior related to fertility preservation among patients who received chemotherapy. Material and Method: This descriptive type epidemiologic research was completed at a University Research Hospital Oncology Clinic after obtaining written permissions from the chief doctor of the hospital and the oncology clinic and ethical board. The study included patients aged 18 and older with neoplasms attending a University Research Hospital Oncology Clinic from November 2016 to April 2017. The data obtained were analyzed with the SPSS 20.0 statistical program. Results: Of 167 people in the study group, 48.5% were female. In our study, 79.1% of patients stated that doctors did not provide information before beginning neoplasm treatment. In our study reproductive technics assisted intervention consultations were requested by 35.3% who reported they were concerned about experiencing reproductive problems after neoplasm diagnosis, 11.4% who were not concerned and 30.0% who didn’t remember their emotions about this topic (p<0.05). Conclusion: It is necessary to create awareness among patients of who, where and when to apply about preserving reproduction and to ensure doctors direct these patients to the correct center. With this aim, it may be useful to train oncologists by embryologists about reproductive technics assisted interventions. © 2019, Nobelmedicus. All rights reserved.Öğe Lentinula edodes Ekstraktının Sıçan Karaciğer Dokusu Üzerine İnflamatuar ve Apoptotik Etkisinin Değerlendirilmesi(2020) Coşkun, Özlem; Öztopuz, Özlem; Büyük, BaşakLentinula edodes (Shiitake mantarı) uzak Doğu ülkelerinde binlerce yıldır gıda ve ilaç olarak yetiştirilip kullanılmaktadır. Günümüzdedünya çapında en fazla tüketilen ikinci mantar türüdür. Dünya genelinde 100,000 veya daha fazla mantar türünün 100'den fazlasınıntoksik olduğu tahmin edilmektedir. Mantarlar, dünyanın pek çok yerinde değerli bir gıda maddesidir, ancak bazı türleri insanlardazararlı etkilere neden olabilir, bazı durumlarda potansiyel olarak ölümcül olabilir. Son yıllarda mantar zehirlenmesi ile ilişkili kabuledilen klinik sendromların kapsamı genişlemiştir. Shiitake mantar türünün toksik etkisi konusunda çok az araştırmaya rastlanmış olup,konuyla ilgili bilimsel araştırmalara ihtiyaç vardır. Bu mantar türü yenilebilir, ancak bazı kişilerde küçük yan etkiler veya alerjikreaksiyonlar görülebilir. Literatürde shiitakeye bağlı toksikodermi ve shiitake dermatit vakaları bildirilmiştir. Shiitake mantar sporlarıalerjik reaksiyonlara neden olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Çalışmamızın amacı sıçanlara farklı dozda uygulanan shiitake mantarınınkaraciğer üzerine toksik etkisi olup olmadığını araştırmaktır. Çalışmada sıçanlara farklı dozlarda (düşük ve yüksek dozda) uygulananShiitake mantar ekstraktının karaciğere etkisi; TNF-? (inflamatuar belirteç), Bax, Bcl-2’nin (apoptotik belirteç) ekspresyondeğişimleri incelenerek ve histopatolojik analizleri yapılarak değerlendirildi. Gruplara ait Bax, Bcl-2, TNF-? ekspresyon düzeyleriincelendiğinde Bax ekspresyon seviyesinde düşük doz ile kontrol grubu karşılaştırıldığında anlamlı bir düşüş izlendi (p <0,05). Bcl-2ekspresyon seviyesinde kontrol grubu ve yüksek doz grubu ile karşılaştırıldığında anlamlı bir düşüş izlendi (p <0,05). TNF-?ekspresyon seviyesinde yüksek doz ve kontrol grubu karşılaştırıldığında yine anlamlı bir düşüş izlendi (p <0,05). Histopatolojikolarak gruplarda hidropik dejenerasyon ve sinüzoidal dilatasyon parametreleri değerlendirildi. Hidropik dejenerasyon ve sinüzoidaldilatasyon düşük dozda ve yüksek dozda, kontrol grubuna göre yüksek bulundu. Sonuçlar istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bulundu (p = 0,0ve p = 0,021). Gruplara ait H&E boyama sonrasında Shiitake mantar ekstraktının doza bağlı olarak yapısal değişikliklerde hafifderecede artış saptanmıştır. Literatürde Lentinula edodes ekstraktının ishal ve deri döküntüsü gibi hafif yan etkilere yol açtığı, 1 haftaboyunca 50 mg/gün büyük dozlarda bile akut toksik olduğuna dair hiçbir kanıt bulunmamıştır. Sonuç olarak çalışmamızda shiitakemantarı uygulanan dozlarda sıçan karaciğer dokusuna gerek apoptotik belirteçlerin ekspresyonu bakımından gerekse histopatolojikolarak zararlı etki göstermemiştir.Öğe Neuroprotective Effects of Piceatannol on Olfactory Bulb Injury after Subarachnoid Hemorrhage(Springer, 2023) Akar, Ali; Öztopuz, Rahime Özlem; Büyük, Başak; Ovalı, Mehmet Akif; Aykora, Damla; Malçok, Ümit AliSubarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) accounts for 5% of all stroke cases and is responsible for significant permanent brain and neurological damage within the first few days. Loss of smell is one of those neurological disorders following olfactory bulb injury after SAH. Olfaction plays a critical role in several aspects of life. The primary underlying mechanism of olfactory bulb (OB) injury and loss of smell after SAH remains unknown. Piceatannol (PIC), a natural stilbene, possesses anti-inflammatory and anti-apoptotic effects against various diseases. In this study, we aimed to investigate the potential therapeutic effects of PIC on OB injury following SAH at molecular mechanism based on SIRT1, inflammatory (TNF-α, IL1-β, NF-κB, IL–6, TLR4), and apoptosis (p53, Bax, Bcl-2, caspase-3)-related gene expression markers and histopathology level; 27 male Wistar Albino rats were used in a pre-chiasmatic subarachnoid hemorrhage model. Animals were divided into groups (n = 9): SHAM, SAH, and PIC. Garcia’s neurological examination, brain water content, RT-PCR, histopathology, and TUNEL analyses were performed in all experimental groups with OB samples. Our results indicated that PIC administration significantly suppressed inflammatory molecules (TNF-α, IL–6, IL1-β, TLR4, NF-κB, SIRT1) and apoptotic molecules (caspase-3, p53, Bax). We also evaluated edema levels and cell damage in OB injury after SAH. Ameliorative effects of PIC are also observed at the histopathology level. Garcia’s neurological score test performed a neurological assessment. This study is the first to demonstrate the neuroprotective effects of PIC on OB injury after SAH. It suggests that PIC would be a potential therapeutic agent for alleviating OB injury after SAH.Öğe Ozone vs Melatonin: The Therapeutic Effects In Alcoholic Liver Disease(2020) Eroğlu, Hüseyin Avni; Makav, Mustafa; Güvend, Gülname Fındık; Büyük, Başak; Adalı, YasemenBackground: Alcoholic liver disease (ALD) is a worldwide health problem.Ozone and melatonin areagents that are widely used for their antioxidant properties in medical therapies.In this study, we aimedto evaluate the use of ozone and melatoninin ALD.Materials and Methods: Forty-eight rats were used, and ethanol, melatonin, and ozone wereadministrated. Histopathological evaluation was performed and activities of alanine aminotransferase(ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), gamma glutamyl transferase (GGT) total antioxidant status(TAS), total oxidant status (TOS), and malondialdehyde (MDA)were determined in the blood samples,while TAS, TOS, and MDA parameters were measured in the liver tissue samples.Results: There were statistically significant differences between the studied groups concerning ALT,AST activities and TAS, TOS, and MDA levels. Vascular congestion, hepatocyte damage, periportalinflammation, and microvesicular steatosis were detected inthe alcohol-induced toxicity group.Conclusions: In the light of histopathological findings, we can claim that melatonin and ozoneadministrations are beneficial for alcohol-induced hepatotoxicity. However, ozone application issuperior to melatonin.Öğe Possible protective activity of n?acetyl cysteine against cisplatin?induced hepatotoxicity in rats(Springer, 2021) Coşkun, Özlem; Öztopuz, Özlem; Büyük, BaşakCP is one of the most widely used antineoplastic agents. However, its clinical application is very limited due to its severe toxic efects. The present study aimed to reveal the efects of NAC, which exhibits broad biological activities in reducing CP-induced liver damage, in consideration of biochemical, genetic, and histopathological fndings. Twenty-eight wistar rats were randomly divided into four groups of seven animals. A dose of saline was administered (i.p.) to the control group for 5 days. One dose of NAC (200 mg/kg) was administered to the NAC group for 5 days (i.p.). To the NAC + CP group, a dose of CP (7.5 mg/kg) was administered on days 2 and 5 of the experiment, a dose of NAC (200 mg/ kg) (i.p.) was administered for 5 day of the experiment. CP (7.5 mg/kg) was administered to the CP group on days 2 and 5 of the experiment. At the end of the experiment, the biochemical, histological, and mRNA expression analyses of the liver tissues isolated from all the rats were performed. A statistically signifcant decrease was observed in the AST and ALT enzyme activities in Group NAC + CP compared to Control and CP groups. In addition, it was determined that the NAC administration reduced CPinduced infammation by increasing the level of NF-κB and decreased CP-caused oxidative stress by decreasing the GPx level. Moreover, the histopathological analyses showed that NAC improved liver morphology. It was revealed by Western blotting analysis that NAC promoted Bcl-2 signaling and decreased p53 signaling. The fndings herein showed that NAC could help alleviate hepatotoxicity, a serious therapeutic complication, by reducing CP-induced oxidative stress and playing an efective part in the regulation of apoptotic markers.Öğe SİSPLATİN'İN NÖROTOKSİK ETKİSİNE BAĞLI GELİŞEN HİPOKAMPAL NÖRON HASARINA KARŞI MELATONİN NÖROPROTEKTİF ETKİNLİĞİNİN ARAŞTIRILMASI(İzmir Demokrasi Üniversitesi, 2021) Malçok, Ümit Ali; Büyük, BaşakSisplatin yaygın kullanılan ancak yaşam kalitesini düşüren etkileri olan bir antineoplastiktir. Özellikle nörotoksik etkileri, hastaların %70’inde tedavi esnasında veya sonrasında bilişsel bozulmalara yol açmaktadır. Bu çalışmada melatoninin siplatin toksistesini azaltıcı etkinliği araştırıldı. Denek olarak 24 yetişkin erkek Wistar Albino ırkı sıçan kullanılarak 4 grup oluşturuldu. Sıçanlara 1. 5. 9. ve 13. günlerde ve 4 mg/kg dozunda intraperitoneal (ip) sisplatin verilerek nörotoksisite oluşturuldu. Tedavi grubuna ise 13 gün 10 mg/kg/gün dozunda ip melatonin uygulanarak gruplar karşılaştırıldı. 14. günde yapılan sakrifikasyon sonrası hipokampus dokuları alındı. Piknozis ve ödem skorları hesaplanarak sisplatin toksisitesi ve melatoninin etkinliği analiz edildi. Sham grubu ile Mel ve Cisp+Mel grupları arasında piknosis açısından anlamlı fark olmadığı ancak sisplatin verilen grupta belirgin düzeyde piknotik nöron artışı olduğu görüldü (p<0.01). Sisplatin verilen ratlarda hipokampus dokusundaki ödemin belirgin düzeyde arttığı buna karşın melatonin verildiğinde ödem skorlarının istatistiksel olarak anlamlı seviyede düştüğü izlendi (p<0.01). Sisplatin ve melatonin benzer oksidatif ve apoptotik süreçleri zıt yönlerde etkilemektedir. Biz de çalışmamızda melatoninin sisplatin toksisitesi üzerine olan etkilerini inceledik ve melatoninin sisplatinin nörotoksik etkilerine karşı koruyucu etki gösterdiği sonucuna ulaştık. Ulaştığımız bu sonuç yaygın kullanılan bir kemoteropatik olan sisplatin, melatonin ile kombine edilerek kullanıldığında kanser hastalarının daha az nörotoksik yan etkilere maruz kalmasını sağlayacaktırÖğe The Effect of Chronic Intermittent Cold Exposure on Gastrin-, Somatostatin-, Secretin-, and Serotonin-Containing Cells in the Small Intestine of Rats(Springer, 2021) Yıldız, Mustafa; Büyük, Başak; Kanbur, SavaşStress is counted among the reasons of many diseases. Exposure to cold is one of the stimulants that leads to stress. No study has been found in the literature showing how the enteroendocrine cells in the small intestine are affected by cold stress. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the structural changes and the densities of gastrin, somatostatin, secretin and serotonin immunoreactive cells in the small intestines of rats exposed to cold. The rats were randomly divided into two groups as control and cold stress. Exposure to cold was performed as 6 hours once a day for 14 days. At the end of the experiment; duodenum, jejunum and ileum samples were taken from small intestines. For histopathological examination, hemotoxylin-eosin staining method was applied to tissue sections. In addition; gastrin, somatostatin, secretin and serotonin immunoreactive cells were detected in small intestine immunohistochemically. The numbers of gastrin, secretin and serotonin immunoreactive cells in all parts of the small intestine, as well as the number of somatostatin immunoreactive cells in ileum significantly decreased in the cold stress group compared to the control group. Besides, it was found that mucosal inflammation, edema, and villus atrophy increased in the small intestine due to exposure to cold. As a conclusion, cold stress causes structural disorders in the small intestine. Also, it reduces the populations of enteroendocrine cells containing gastrin, somatostatin, secretin and serotonin. Thus, cold stress might play a role in the pathogenesis of some intestinal diseases by adversely affecting digestive physiology.
