Gökçeada topraklarının bazı kalite parametreleri ve erozyon riskinin belirlenmesi
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Tarih
2016
Yazarlar
Dergi Başlığı
Dergi ISSN
Cilt Başlığı
Yayıncı
Çanakkale Onsekiz Mart Üniversitesi, Lisansüstü Eğitim Enstitüsü
Erişim Hakkı
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
Özet
Organik ada olarak da kabul edilen Gökçeada’da canlılığın sürdürülebilirliği için
mevcut doğal kaynakların kalite ve korunmasına yönelik tespitlerin yapılarak gerekli
önlemlerin alınması gerekmektedir. Ekosistemin sürdürülebilirliği için toprak en temel
doğal kaynaklardan biridir. Diğer kaynaklar gibi toprak ve toprak kalitesinin sürdürülebilir
olması için mevcut kaynak korunarak özelliklerinin belirlenmesi ve varsa riskler
belirlenerek mevcut durumun daha kötüye gitmemesi için önlemlerin alınması
gerekmektedir. Bu amaçla yürütülen çalışmada; toprağın sürdürülebilir olmasında önemli
bir yere sahip olan toprağın fiziksel ve kimyasal kalite parametrelerinin mevcut
durumunun belirlenmesi ve Gökçeada'nın toprak erodobilite faktörü (RUSLE-K) tespit
edilip, risk oluşturabilecek alanlarda gerekli önlemlerin alınması veya korunması konu
edilmiştir.
Bu kapsamda 248 lokasyondan yüzey toprak örneği alınmış olup arazi örtüsü tipleri
CORINE 2006 sınıflandırması yardımıyla belirlenen bu lokasyonlara ait örnekler
çalışmanın materyalini oluşturmuştur. Toprak örneklerinde, pH (toprak reaksiyonu), EC
(elektriksel iletkenlik), toprak tekstürü, CaCO3 (kalsiyum karbonat), TN (toplam azot), TC
(toplam karbon), TOK (toprak organik karbonu), AS (agregat stabilitesi), C/N (karbon
azot oranı), dB (kuru hacim ağırlığı), suda çözünebilir majör anyon ve katyonlar gibi bazı
fiziksel ve kimyasal kalite parametreleri belirlenerek aralarındaki ilişkiler tespit edilmiştir.
Yine bu parametrelerin bazıları ve geçirgenlik sınıfları kullanılarak aynı zamanda toprak
kalite parametresi olarak da nitelendirilen erozyona duyarlılığın (RUSLE-K) yanında
toprakların kalite indeksi (TKİ) belirlenmiştir.
Analiz sonuçlarına göre topraklarda ortalama %2,11 TOK; %0,15 TN; %2,99 CaCO3
ix
bulunduğu; %17,34’ünün "hafif asit", %43,15’inin "hafif alkali", %38,31’nin "nötr",
%1,21’lik kısmının "orta asit ve alkali" pH sınıflamasında yer aldığı; AS ortalamasının
%70,51; toprak bünyelerinin %91,93’ünün orta, %5,24’ünün ağır ve %2,83’ünün hafif
bünyeli olduğu; topraklarda genel olarak herhangi bir tuzluluk probleminin olmadığı; ada
topraklarında belirlenen RUSLE-K faktörüne göre, adanın %48,17'sında düşük,
%51,83'ünde ise orta, yüksek ve çok yüksek erozyon riskinin olduğu tespit edilmiştir.
Arazi örtüsüne göre RUSLE-K değerleri ortalamalarındaki farkların, istatistiki olarak
önemli (p<0,05) olduğu ortaya çıktığı; TKİ değerlerinin ise; %31,58 ile %84,21 arasında
değiştiği, genel indeks ortalamasının %57,23 olduğu tespit edilmiştir.
As having a great potential for organic agriculture, Gökçeada’s natural resources should be carefully studied and evaluated. Soil is one of the main natural resources for the sustainability of ecosystem. To make the soil and the soil quality sustainable, existing resources should be conserved and their characteristics should be determined and also risks should be determined and necessary precautions should be taken not to make the present situations worse. In this study, we carried out quantitative analysis to reveal the present situation in Gökçeada. For the purpose, a series of physical and chemical variables which are significant for sustainable soil management and soil erodibility (RUSLE-K) for Gökçeada were analyzed in the study area. In this scope, surface soil samples were taken from 248 locations, and these samples formed the material of this study. Land cover types of locations were determined by Corine 2006 Classification. In soil samples, some physical and chemical quality parameters like pH (soil reaction), EC (electrical conductivity), soil texture, CaCO3 (calcium carbonate), TN (total nitrogen), TOK (soil organic carbon), AS (aggregate stability), C/N (carbonate and nitrogen ratio), dB (bulk density), water soluble major anions and cations, and their relationships were determined. Also by using some of these parameters and permeability classes, soil erodibility (RUSLE-K), which is also described as soil quality parameter, and soil quality index (TKI) were determined. According to analyze results; TOK, TN and CaCO3 mean contents were determined 2,11%, 0,15% and 2,99% respectively; 17,34% of soils were slightly acid, 43,15% of soils were slightly alkaline, 38,31% of soils were neutral and 1,21% of soils were moderately xi acid - alkaline; mean value of AS for samples was 70,51%; 91,93% of soil classified as medium textured, 5,24% of soil was classified as heavy textured and 2,83% of soil was classified as light textured; there were not a saltiness problem in general; according to RUSLE-K values there was low erosion risk in 48,17% of samples, and medium high and very high erosion risk in %51,83 of samples, and differences of RUSLE-K values for land cover types were statistically significant (p<0,05). And also TKIs of soils varied between 31,58% and 84,21%, and TKI average was found 57,23%.
As having a great potential for organic agriculture, Gökçeada’s natural resources should be carefully studied and evaluated. Soil is one of the main natural resources for the sustainability of ecosystem. To make the soil and the soil quality sustainable, existing resources should be conserved and their characteristics should be determined and also risks should be determined and necessary precautions should be taken not to make the present situations worse. In this study, we carried out quantitative analysis to reveal the present situation in Gökçeada. For the purpose, a series of physical and chemical variables which are significant for sustainable soil management and soil erodibility (RUSLE-K) for Gökçeada were analyzed in the study area. In this scope, surface soil samples were taken from 248 locations, and these samples formed the material of this study. Land cover types of locations were determined by Corine 2006 Classification. In soil samples, some physical and chemical quality parameters like pH (soil reaction), EC (electrical conductivity), soil texture, CaCO3 (calcium carbonate), TN (total nitrogen), TOK (soil organic carbon), AS (aggregate stability), C/N (carbonate and nitrogen ratio), dB (bulk density), water soluble major anions and cations, and their relationships were determined. Also by using some of these parameters and permeability classes, soil erodibility (RUSLE-K), which is also described as soil quality parameter, and soil quality index (TKI) were determined. According to analyze results; TOK, TN and CaCO3 mean contents were determined 2,11%, 0,15% and 2,99% respectively; 17,34% of soils were slightly acid, 43,15% of soils were slightly alkaline, 38,31% of soils were neutral and 1,21% of soils were moderately xi acid - alkaline; mean value of AS for samples was 70,51%; 91,93% of soil classified as medium textured, 5,24% of soil was classified as heavy textured and 2,83% of soil was classified as light textured; there were not a saltiness problem in general; according to RUSLE-K values there was low erosion risk in 48,17% of samples, and medium high and very high erosion risk in %51,83 of samples, and differences of RUSLE-K values for land cover types were statistically significant (p<0,05). And also TKIs of soils varied between 31,58% and 84,21%, and TKI average was found 57,23%.
Açıklama
Anahtar Kelimeler
Gökçeada, Toprak Kalitesi, RUSLE-K., Soil quality
Kaynak
WoS Q Değeri
Scopus Q Değeri
Cilt
Sayı
Künye
İlay, R. (2016).Gökçeada topraklarının bazı kalite parametreleri ve erozyon riskinin belirlenmesi. Yayımlanmamış doktora tezi, Çanakkale Onsekiz Mart Üniversitesi, Çanakkale.
