Electrochemical enzymatic nanobiosensors of pesticides
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Tarih
2024
Dergi Başlığı
Dergi ISSN
Cilt Başlığı
Yayıncı
Elsevier
Erişim Hakkı
info:eu-repo/semantics/closedAccess
Özet
Pesticides have widespread applications in agriculture and industries worldwide. They are used to protect crops from weeds and insects and increase crop yields owing to their high insecticidal activity. Thanks to these applications, pesticide residues and metabolites can easily pass directly or indirectly to water, soil, and food. However, these substances are among the most important environmental pollutants that threaten human health due to their high toxicity. Therefore it is important to determine the pesticides and their residues in environmental samples and monitor their levels. Many methods, such as chromatographic, spectroscopic, and electrochemical methods, have been developed to detect pesticides. Among these, electrochemical methods have attracted attention because of their simple sample preparation and design, low cost, high sensitivity, and rapid determination response. Although it is possible to determine pesticides directly by voltammetry or electrochemical impedance-based methods, enzyme-based biosensors have been used quite frequently in the environmental monitoring of pesticides in the last few years. Recently, electrochemical nanobiosensors have been developed, including enzyme immobilization on nanomaterial-modified electrodes. These devices are widely used to perform highly sensitive pesticide determination. Electrochemical biosensors developed for the detection of pesticides often rely on measurements of (1) enzyme inhibition or (2) direct measurement of compounds produced or involved in enzymatic reactions. Acetylcholinesterase, butyrylcholinesterase, tyrosinase, alkaline phosphatase, and cholinesterase-choline oxidase multienzyme are widely used as pesticide biosensors owing to their inhibitory activities. On the other hand, organophosphorus hydrolase is used in enzyme-catalyzed reactions for the direct detection of electroactive compounds produced, depending on the pesticide concentration by enzymatic reaction. In this chapter, recent developments in enzyme-based electrochemical pesticide biosensors using nanomaterials such as carbon nanomaterials, metal or metal oxide nanoparticles, metal-organic frameworks, and their hybrids or composites (especially based on the inhibition of the enzyme by pesticides) are discussed. © 2024 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
Açıklama
Anahtar Kelimeler
acetylcholinesterase; choline oxidase; Enzyme; nanobiosensors; pesticide detection
Kaynak
Recent Trends and Perspectives on Electrochemical Sensors for Environmental Monitoring
WoS Q Değeri
Scopus Q Değeri
N/A
