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Adolescent emotion scale for online lessons: A study from Turkey
(Springer, 2022) Yılmaz, M. Betül; Orhan, Feza; Zeren, Şerife Gonca
People's day-to-day routines have changed drastically since the outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic. One of the changes to take place has been the transition to online learning due to the changing conditions in learning environments. One of the factors that guide students through learning environments is their emotions. The few existing scales that measure the emotions of adolescents in learning environments have been developed with consideration of face-to-face learning environments and their items do not adequately express the state of online environments. For this reason, this study aimed to develop a scale which reveals the emotions of adolescents that may affect their academic success with regard to this transition of learning environments as they attend online lessons. A total of 3,655 middle and high school students living in Istanbul, Turkey, participated in the study. The scoring system was designed with regard to the frequency with which each student reading an item experiences the relevant emotion for the item in the online learning environment. Exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses conducted show the scale to possess a four-dimensional structure. These dimensions are enjoyment-pride, boredom-hopelessness, loneliness and anxiety. For all dimensions of the scale, Cronbach alpha values range between .93 and .83. 'Positive and Negative Affects Schedule-Children' was used to confirm the scale's criterion-related validity, and correlations between dimensions were examined. After validity and reliability studies, the Adolescent Emotion Scale for Online Lessons was found to be sufficient. The scale can be used by experts and teachers who wish to determine adolescents' emotions during a period of online learning.
Client’s Experiences of Online Counseling: Satisfaction and Therapeutic Alliance
(2022) Zeren, Şerife Gonca; Erus, Seher Merve; Amanvermez, Yağmur; Genç, Arzu Buyruk; Duy, Baki
Online counseling has been increasingly becoming widespread. Nevertheless, the number of studies investigating counselees' online counseling experience in-depth is scarce, especially in Turkey, despite the proliferation of the service. Therefore, this phenomenological study aims to understand the experiences of participants who received online counseling regarding satisfaction and therapeutic alliance. For this purpose, semi-structured interviews were conducted with six participants. Thematic analysis was applied to explore their satisfaction with online counseling and therapeutic alliance. The results showed that three themes emerged for satisfaction with online counseling; improvements in the symptoms, the flexibility of the online counseling, and limitations of online counseling. Thematic analysis of therapeutic alliance revealed the themes; goals, tasks, and bond. As a result, the participants reported high satisfaction with the online sessions, and they were able to establish a therapeutic alliance with their counselor in setting goals, seeking solutions to problems, and bonding. Overall, most of the participants reported positive experiences with online counseling in terms of improvement in their situation and establishing significant relationships with their counselor over the Internet.
COVID-19 sürecinde kariyer öyküm çevrimiçi psiko-eğitim programının umut, kariyer uyumu ve kariyer geleceği algısına etkileri: Bir karma yöntemler araştırması
(Yıldız Teknik Üniversitesi, 2024) Başar, Düşüm; Bican, Bahar; Yıldırım, Şenay; Zeren, Şerife Gonca
Tüm dünyayı etkisi altına alan COVID-19 pandemisi, insanların sağlığını tehdit ederken, yarattığı ekonomik sıkıntılarla içinden çıkılması ve baş edilmesi zor durumlara sebep olmuştur. Bu araştırmada COVID-19 pandemisinde, toplumsal karantina döneminde evde kalmak zorunda olan üniversite öğrencilerine yönelik grup çalışmasının etkileri ele alındı. Araştırmada öyküsel yaklaşıma dayalı çevrimiçi kariyer grup programının üniversite öğrencilerinin umut, kariyer uyumu ve kariyer geleceği algısına etkileri incelendi. Kariyer Öyküm Grup Çalışması, kariyer gelişiminde öyküsel ve yapısalcı yaklaşımları temel alan yedi haftalık yapılandırılmış bir psiko-eğitim programıdır. Araştırma bir karma yöntemler araştırmasıdır. Araştırmanın nicel deseni yarı-deneysel desende tasarlanmış tek gruplu ön-test, son-test ve izleme mod-elinde; nitel kısmı fenomonolojik yaklaşımla hazırlanan soru formu ve odak grup görüşmeleri ile yürütüldü. Katılımcılar, programa başvuran ve araştırmaya gönüllü olarak katılmayı kabul eden 19-24 yaş arasındaki 31 üniversite öğrencisiydi. Umut, kariyer uyumu ve kariyer geleceği algısı nicel ölçüldü ve ayrıca katılımcıların deneyimleri de nitel analiz edildi. Bulgulara göre Kariyer Öyküm Grup Çalışması, üniversite öğrencilerinin umut, kariyer uyumu ve kariyer geleceği algısını olumlu yönde etkiledi ancak bu etki uzun süreli olmadı. Ayrıca katılımcıların grup deneyimleri, grup sürecindeki kazanımları, grup dışı süreçleri ve grubun çevrimiçi oluşu hakkındaki görüşleri ortaya kondu. Nicel ve nitel verilerden elde edilen sonuçların benzer olması nedeniyle bulunan sonuçlar tutarlılığı tespit edildi
Fear of Negative Evaluation and Feelings of Inferiority in Predicting Perfectionism*
(Hacettepe Uni, 2024) Başkurt, Bilgesu; Zeren, Şerife Gonca
Perfectionism is a personality trait that includes high standards and aims for excellence. The university period is a period in which the individual experiences many changes, gains independence, develops new skills, increases social relations, improves academically and experiences intense emotions, such as adaptation problems, anxiety, mental fatigue and hopelessness. In this study, the aim is to investigate to what extent the fear of negative evaluation and feelings of inferiority experienced by university students during this period predict their perfectionism. A total of 466 students, determined by the cluster sampling method, comprising 246 females and 220 males, participated in the study. The Frost Multidimensional Perfectionism Scale, the Fear of Negative Evaluation Scale, and the Inferiority Feelings Scale were used to collect the data. Multiple linear regression analysis was used to analyze the data. As a result of the study, it is concluded that negative evaluation fears and inferiority feelings predict perfectionism, while feelings of inferiority are a significant predictor of perfectionism and make the most important contribution.
Gestalt Contact Disturbances and Invalidating Childhood Environments in Predicting Romantic Relationship Satisfaction
(2025) Dikici, İlknur Yağcılar; Zeren, Şerife Gonca
The aim of this study is to determine whether Gestalt contact disturbances and childhood invalidating environments predict romantic relationship satisfaction. A total of 478 individuals, 333 females and 145 males, between the ages of 18 and 72 years (average age around 32), participated in the study. Data were collected using the Relationship Satisfaction Scale, the Gestalt Contact Disturbances Scale, and the Childhood Invalidating Environments Scale. Multiple linear regression analysis was used in the analysis of the data. The research results reveal significant relationships between the sub-dimensions of Gestalt contact disturbances and romantic relationship satisfaction. A moderately significant negative relationship was found between the childhood invalidating environments (mother and father) and romantic relationship satisfaction. As a result of the regression analysis, it was concluded that the sub-dimension of Gestalt contact disturbances (namely full contact) and the childhood invalidating environments (mother and father), predicted romantic relationship satisfaction.
Predicting the Altruism of Counsellor Candidates in Terms of Cultural Sensitivity, Social Desirability and Emotional İntelligence
(Wiley, 2025) Sakar, Gözde; Zeren, Şerife Gonca
IntroductionAltruism, which is the subject of this research, generally means helping someone else without expecting anything in return. Counsellors assist other people as part of their jobs. This study examined the altruism of counsellor candidates in the context of cultural sensitivity, social desirability and emotional intelligence.MethodThe research included a total of 542 undergraduate students, 416 women and 126 men, studying in the Guidance and Psychological Counselling Department at foundation and state universities in Istanbul. The data for the study were collected with the Altruism Scale, Intercultural Sensitivity Scale, Good Impression Scale and Emotional Intelligence Trait Scale-Short Form. Multiple linear regression analysis, hierarchical regression analysis and structural equation modelling mediation analysis were used to analyse the data.ResultsThe research concluded that the variables of cultural sensitivity, social desirability and emotional intelligence predicted the altruism of counsellor candidates. It was understood that the variance in altruism was explained most by cultural sensitivity, followed by social desirability and least by emotional intelligence. Psychological and social factors, particularly cultural sensitivity and social desirability, were found to be more effective than demographic variables in explaining altruism. Additionally, the SEM analysis indicated that cultural sensitivity mediated the relationship between emotional intelligence and altruism, while social desirability had a strong direct effect on altruism.ConclusionIn line with the results of research, it is recommended to increase the number and amount of content of courses in which students will have more comprehensive knowledge about cultural infrastructure related to their awareness, empathy levels, realistic perspectives and interactions with different individuals. It is suggested that social responsibility projects, club activities and Erasmus opportunities that will support the aims mentioned, in addition to course achievements, are supported by both lecturers and the university administration.
Social-Emotional Development in Primary School Guidance Curriculum: A Q-Methodology Study
(Eğitim Programları ve Öğretim Derneği, 2023) Aygün, Hanife Esen; Zeren, Şerife Gonca
This research, which examined the views of teachers regarding socialemotional development outcomes in the Ministry of National Education 2020 Primary School Guidance Curriculum in the learningteaching process, was designed using the Q methodology. In this context, the consensus among primary school teachers regarding the implementation of the outcomes in the primary school guidance curriculum in the learning-teaching process and whose outcomes come to the fore in the implementation of the Primary School Guidance Curriculum were examined. The research data were collected with the Q string prepared considering the social-emotional development area outcomes in the Primary School Guidance Curriculum. Forty-nine primary school teachers participated in the research. Data analysis was conducted using PQ Method 2.35 program. As a result of the research, it was found that there was a consensus among primary school teachers regarding the implementation of the outcomes in the primary school guidance curriculum in the learningteaching process. Although the opinions of the teachers were mostly concentrated in the right and responsibility factor, the opinions are gathered in six factors, and the relationship between the factors was found to be low in general. As a result of this research, it was found that there is a consensus among primary school teachers regarding the implementation of the outcomes in the primary school guidance curriculum in the learning-teaching process.
The Soft Skills Scale for Parents (SSS-P): A Validity and Reliability Study
(Turkish Psychological Counseling and Guidance Association, 2025) Esen-Aygün, Hanife; Zeren, Şerife Gonca; Aşıkcan, Mehmet; Korkmaz, Hilal
Soft skills are an important concept that includes interpersonal skills, academic skills, and emotional control, which determine the approach to many of life’s events. It is shaped by experiences acquired during childhood. Therefore, as the people who influence a child the most, parents' soft skills can determine both their own and their children's attitudes toward life. The few existing scales that focus on adults' soft skills are generally limited to domains such as business, engineering, health, and higher education. Therefore, the psychometric properties of a scale designed to assess parents' soft skills were examined. In the Study I, four hundred and twenty-three parents living in Çanakkale, Türkiye, participated in the exploratory factor analysis (EFA). The EFA revealed that the scale consisted of twenty-four items with factor loadings greater than .40, forming five factors: academic expectations, interpersonal relationships, academic skills, emotional control, and cooperation. In the Study 2, two hundred and twenty-six parents living in Çanakkale, Türkiye, participated in the confirmatory factor analysis (CFA). As a result of the CFA the goodness of fit indices were calculated as χ2/df = 3.38, RMSEA = 0.08, GFI = 0.92, AGFI = 0.91, TLI = 0.90 and CFI = 0.86. In Study 3, sixty-one parents participated in the test-retest phase. A correlation coefficient of 0.706 was calculated between the test-retest data, demonstrating a statistically significant correlation between the two administrations. The SSS-P is the first scale to determine parental soft skills. Analyses conducted to examine the psychometric properties demonstrated that the scale is valid and reliable in measuring parents’ soft skills. This scale will provide parents with an opportunity to better understand and develop themselves in areas such as improving family communication, recognizing the stress and challenges involved in raising children, and adopting a supportive role in their children's education. Additionally, it will serve as a valuable tool for researchers seeking to assess parental soft skills in the context of strengthening social communication. The scale can be used by researchers, teachers, and parents interested in evaluating parents' soft skill levels.
Understanding Hope: Age, Income, Romantic Relationship, Sex, Gender Roles, and Subjective Well-Being
(Turkish Psychological Counseling and Guidance Association, 2024) Saçar, Hatice Hilal; Zeren, Şerife Gonca
Hope is defined as the motivation to set goals that are expected to be realized in the future and to achieve these goals. The aim of this study was to determine the correlation between hope with differences of sex romantic relationship, income level, and age, and to find out what extend attitudes towards gender roles and subjective well-being predict hope. Five hundred and eighty-eight people with an average age of 30 participated in the study. While 397 of the participants stated that they were female, 188 stated that they were male, and 3 did not specify their sex. The research was organized using a relational screening model. The Dispositional Hope Scale, Gender Roles Attitude Scale, Life Satisfaction Scale, Positive and Negative Affect Schedule were used to collect the data. For the analysis of the data, independent sample t-test, one-way ANOVA, simple correlation analysis, and hierarchical multiple regression analysis were used. According to the results, hope did not differ significantly according to sex, the levels of hope of those who were engaged or married were significantly higher than those who did not have a romantic relationship. Increases in age and income level were also observed to correspond with higher levels of hope. Furthermore, we found that an egalitarian attitude towards gender roles and higher subjective well-being were significant predictors of greater hope.
Üniversite Öğrencilerinin Yaşam Doyumları, Pozitif ve Negatif Duyguları: İstanbul’da Bir Devlet Üniversitesinde Profil Çalışması
(2020) Erus, Seher Merve; Zeren, Şerife Gonca; Amanvermez, Yağmur; Genç, Arzu Buyruk
Bu araştırmada üniversite öğrencilerinin yaşam doyumu, pozitif ve negatif duyguları;cinsiyet, fakülte, sınıf düzeyi, yaş, ailenin geliri, aylık harcama miktarı, yaşamınınçoğunu geçirdiği yerleşim yeri, öğrenim sürecinde yaşadığı yer, psikolojik danışma yardım talebi değişkenleri açısından anlamlı derecede farklılaşıp farklılaşmadığı araştırılmaktadır. Bu kapsamda araştırmanın örneklemini 962 (412 kadın ve 550 erkek)üniversite öğrencisi oluşturmuştur. Verilerin toplanmasında Kişisel Bilgi Formu, Yaşam Doyumu Ölçeği, Pozitif ve Negatif Duygu Ölçeği kullanılmıştır. Yaşam doyumu,pozitif ve negatif duygu puanlarının demografik değişkenlere göre farklılık gösteripgöstermediğini belirlemek amacıyla bağımsız örneklemler için t Testi ve tek yönlüvaryans analizi (ANOVA) uygulanmıştır. Araştırmanın sonucunda, yaşam doyumuaçısından cinsiyet, yaş, ailenin gelir düzeyi ve psikolojik danışma yardım talebi değişkenlerine göre anlamlı fark olduğu; pozitif duygu açısından cinsiyet, fakülte değişkenlerine göre anlamlı fark olduğu; negatif duygu açısından fakülte, yaş, ailenin gelirdüzeyi, yaşamının çoğunu geçirdiği yerleşim yeri ve psikolojik danışma yardım talebideğişkenlerine göre anlamlı fark olduğu bulunmuştur.

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