Yazar "Yiğit, Murat" seçeneğine göre listele
Listeleniyor 1 - 20 / 21
Sayfa Başına Sonuç
Sıralama seçenekleri
Öğe A comparative evaluation of hematological and biochemical parameters between the Italian mullet Mugil cephalus (Linnaeus 1758) and the Turkish mullet Chelon auratus (Risso 1810)(Tubitak Scientific & Technological Research Council Turkey, 2020) Fazio, Francesco; Saoca, Concetta; Acar, Ümit; Tezel, Rifat; Çelik, Murat; Yılmaz, Sevdan; Kesbiç, Osman Sabri; Yiğit, MuratThis study aimed to carry out a comparative evaluation of the hematological profile (erythrocyte count, hemoglobin concentration, hematocrit, and Wintrobe index parameters such as mean corpuscular volume, mean corpuscular hemoglobin, and mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration), in addition to certain biochemical parameters (aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase, alkaline phosphatase, lactate dehydrogenase, scrum total protein, albumin, glucose, total cholesterol, and triglycerides), in the Italian mullet Mugil cephalus (Linnaeus 1758) and the Turkish mullet Chelon auratus (Risso 1810). Accordingly, two groups of fish were used in this study: 30 flathead grey mullets, M. cephalus, caught in Lake Faro, Italy, and 30 golden grey mullets, C. auratus, caught in the estuarine channel system of Keycegiz-Dalyan, Turkey. Statistical evaluations (unpaired t-test) revealed that there were no significant differences in weight or total length values between the two mullet groups. However, the differences between all the evaluated blood parameters (except alanine aminotransferase) between the Italian and the Turkish mullet were significant (P < 0.0001). The present study demonstrated that there were significant hematological and biochemical differences between the Italian (M. cephalus) and the Turkish (C. auratus) mullet. Our findings also contribute to expanding the knowledge on the hematology and biochemistry of two different species of mullet originating from two different habitats. Since the evaluation of blood parameters represents an essential tool in examining the effects of environmental conditions on fish physiology and, consequently, on fish health status, further research in this field is encouraged and would be very useful.Öğe ACOUSTIC NOISE POLLUTION FROM MARINE INDUSTRIAL ACTIVITIES: EXPOSURE AND IMPACTS(2018) Kuşku, Halit; Yiğit, Murat; Ergün, Sebahattin; Yiğit, Ümüt; Taylor, NicThe improvements in marine technological developments propagate urbanization in the ocean environment. The construction or operational activities of marine structures such as energy plants,oil platforms, pipe-lines, sea-tunnel passages, or cable-stayed suspension bridges, and vessel traffic are sources of underwater noise pollution. How underwater sounds such as piling, pole drilling,or machinery noises may affect the marine live is mostly ignored in marine construction, and thereis lack of information regarding underwater sound effects on marine live in the oceans. Recently,a remarkable interest is developing concerning underwater sound effects, especially in aquaculturefacilities, with experimentation of musical stimuli or various noises caused by pumps or filter systems on behavior and stress responses of fish in culture conditions. With the increase of urbanization and progressive development of marine industries, more and more pressure from human-generated (anthropogenic) underwater sound pollution may threaten marine mammals, fish speciesand invertebrates from underwater noises that in terms might be called as “Underwater Noise Pollution”. The future of marine life and that of human being, and the dramatic increase of underwatersound pollution is a new debate that needs to be controlled in a sustainable way with environmentsound approaches. Therefore the potential effects of various sound sources derived from marineindustrial activities have been reviewed in this study.Öğe An extensive review of human health benefits from consuming farmed or wild fish with special reference to gilthead seabream (Sparus aurata)(2024) Yiğit, Ümüt; Ergün, Sebahattin; Yiğit, MuratIn public, there is a significant concern regarding the safety and quality of farmed fish that poses problems for fish farmers in marketing. There is widespread recognition that farmed fish are less healthy than their wild equivalent, mostly attributed to unhealthy farm conditions or the ingredients used in artificial diets for aquaculture. However, the nutritional quality of farmed -or wild-caught fish may differ based on regional variation or a cultural environment's complex aspects. Whether farmed or wild fish provide better product quality is a long-standing matter for consumer preferences and marketing. Information was collected from a wide range of references through an extensive literature review, and detailed evaluations were made on the health levels of cultured fish and natural fish in human consumption. Therefore, the present study provides an extensive review to address the differences in the nutritional contribution of farmed and wild fish for human consumers. Addressing the questions arising from consumers’ concerns will undoubtedly support farmers in their challenging marketing efforts.Öğe An Extensive Review on the Use of Feed Additives Against Fish Diseases and Improvement of Health Status of Fish in Turkish Aquaculture Sector(Central Fisheries Research Institute, 2022) Yılmaz, Sevdan; Ergün, Sebahattin; Yiğit, Murat; Yılmaz, EbruAquaculture is the second-fastest-growing sector in the world after informatics and its. Average growth of aquaculture is annually~8.8% over the last 30 years. Turkey has great potential in terms of fish production and the number of fish farms started to increase rapidly. Fish production in intensive culture conditions has enlarged possible threats of contagious disease outbreaks due to high stocking densities, water quality or environmental gradient, etc., as well as the combination of all these factors together. Depending on animal husbandry situations and organizational conditions, gradation of the aquatic surroundings and outbreaks of bacteriological diseases may well cause production losses around 30-40% in aquaculture facilities. Some fish diseases reported most repeatedly in Turkish aquaculture facilities are Vibriosis, Furunculosis, Streptococcosis, Lactococcosis, Aeromonas septicemia, Yersiniosis, Photobacteriosis and Flavobacteriosis. Antibiotics, disinfectants and chemotherapeutics used for the prevention and treatment of diseases result in residual antibiotics and chemicals in fish products, microorganisms resistant to antibiotics and damages to the aquatic environment and human health. This situation has led researchers to use alternative feed additives in fish diets such as medicinal plant, herbal extracts, phytochemicals, plant secondary metabolites, immunostimulants and probiotics. This review includes research conducted in Turkey between the years 2001 and 2020, and aims to summarize the findings regarding the use of medicinal plant, herbal extracts, phytochemicals, plant secondary metabolites and immunostimulants in fish feed to prevent and treat diseases, improve immunity, increase disease resistance, and reduce stress in fish towards a better management and best aquaculture practice for the sustainability of the growing aquaculture industry in the region and worldwide. © 2022, Central Fisheries Research Institute. All rights reserved.Öğe Analysis of the economic performance of salmon farming in submerged and surface cages in the Black Sea(Springer Science and Business Media Deutschland GmbH, 2023) Yiğit, Umut; Yiğit, Murat; Ergün, Sebahattin; Kuşku, Halit; Ek, Hüseyin; Maita, MasashiThe production period for salmon farming in the Black Sea comprises the winter period and is limited to seven months, due to high water temperatures during the summer time. As an alternative strategy, temporary cage submersion during the summer season might be a solution for salmon grow-out throughout the year. Therefore, this study was conducted for comparative evaluation of economic performance of submerged and surface cages, by analyzing structural costs and returns for Turkish salmon farming in the Black Sea. As a result of the temporary cage submersion strategy, economic profits increased by nearly 70%, granting higher values of financial indicators with increased net profit (685,652.5 $ year−1) and margin of safety (89.6%), compared to the traditional surface cage (397,058.5 $ year−1 net profit and 88.4% margin of safety). The “What-if” analysis showed that profits from both cage systems were sensitive to variations in sale price, and the simulation by 10% reduced export market value may decrease revenues, with less financial profit loss for the submerged cage over the surface once. Hence, temporary cage submersion seems to be an alternative farm management strategy with extended production cycle and higher profits for the sustainable development of Turkish salmon farming in the Black Sea.Öğe Assessment of physical carrying capacity of a mariculture zone designated in the Aegean Sea(Springer, 2024) Yiğit, Murat; Ergün, Sebahattin; Büyükateş, Yeşim; Ateş, A. Suat; Özdilek, H. Göksel; Acar, SeçilThe present study was conducted to evaluate the physical carrying capacity in a mariculture zone designated for cage aquaculture in the Aegean Sea (Mersin Bay, Izmir, Turkiye). Rapid assessment of carrying capacity for the approval of new investments or capacity increase requests environment-regulated timely management procedures for the sustainable development of the drastically growing cage aquaculture industry in the Mediterranean. Hence, the mathematical estimations earlier developed for the Mediterranean area have been applied for the carrying capacity assessment using the data gathered from eight fish farms operating in the area. The data collected from the farms comprised the information such as current granted production level, surface area, location depth, current speed, shore distance, and coordinates of the farm sites. The results obtained showed an estimated carrying capacity for the investigated mariculture zone as 252,852 tons which is about 18 times the current production level of 13,500 tons that was granted in total for the sum of eight cage farms in the region with a total of 50.89-ha surface area. It can be concluded that, with the condition of periodic environmental monitoring to keep the marine ecosystem below eutrophication risk, the production capacity of farms in the designated mariculture zone, comprising a surface area of 50.89 ha, could be increased by 18-fold over the present production level, which is far below the risk threshold. The findings of this study provide important support for decision-makers in the management of intensive cage aquaculture operations in the Mediterranean region.Öğe Balık üretiminde yem veriminin artırılması ve rakamsal olarak ifade edilmesi(2003) Yiğit, Murat; Yiğit, ÜmitBu derlemede, yem verimliliğinin artırılması ve optimum yemlerin elde edilebilmesi için kullanılan bazı hesaplama yöntemleri özetlenmiştir. Balık yetiştiriciliğinde üretim giderlerinin %60'ına varan kısmını yem masraflarının oluşturduğu düşünülürse, minimum masrafla maksimum ürün almak, balık üretimini şüphesiz olumlu yönde etkileyecektir. Üretimde basan veya başarısızlık yem kriterleri ile doğrudan orantılıdır, dolayısıyla balık yetiştiriciliğinde maksimum düzeyde ağırlık artışı sağlamak ve dışkı materyali, amonyak-nitrojen, üre-nitrojen veya yenmemiş yemden oluşan atım ürünlerini minimize etmek amacıyla, balık türüne uygun ve kaliteli rasyonlann hazırlanması balık beslemenin esas amacını oluşturmaktadır. Balık tarafından boşaltılan azotun yüksek olması daha fazla protein parçalanması anlamına gelmesi nedeniyle, nitrojenli atım ürünlerinin minimuma indirilmesi önemlidir. Rasyonun en pahalı kısmım proteinlerin oluşturduğu düşünülürse, yemin balık tarafından ne kadar değerlendirildiği ve proteinlerin balık vücudunda hangi oranda tutulduğu veya atıldığının belirlenmesi son derece önem taşımaktadır.Öğe Balıklarda sindirim çalışmalarında kullanılan dışkı toplama yöntemleri(2005) Tırıl, Serap Ustaoğlu; Yiğit, MuratHayvan beslemede kullanılan yemlerin randımanını ve kalitesini belirlemek açısından sindirilme oranlarının tespit1 edilmesi önemlidir. Karasal hayvanlarda sindirim çalışmalarında doğrudan ölçüm yöntemi kolaylıkla uygulanabilmesine rağmen, akuakültürdeki sindirim çalışmalarında balık ve dışkı aynı ortamda bulunduğundan, bu yöntem çeşitli zorluklara neden olmaktadır. Bu yüzden, akuakültürdeki sindirim çalışmalarında indirekt ölçüm yöntemi kullanılmaktadır. İndirekt metodun kullanımında, dışkı toplama yöntemi büyük önem taşımaktadır. Su ortamındaki dışkı materyalinden besin maddelerinin suya sızması, elde edilecek sonuçları olumsuz etkileyebilmektedir. Bu derlemede, balıklarda sindirim çalışmalarında kullanılmak üzere geliştirilmiş olan dışkı toplama yöntemlerinin avantaj ve dezavantajları ele alınmaktadır.Öğe Comparision of copper alloy mesh with conventional nylon nets in offshore cage farming of gilthead seabream (Sparus aurata)(Central Fisheries Research Institute, 2018) Yiğit, Murat; Çelikkol, Barbaros; Özalp, Barış; Bulut, Musa; Dwyer, Robert L.; Yılmaz, Sevdan; Maita, Masashi; Büyükateş, YeşimIn the present study, a new net technology of copper alloy mesh (CAM) was tested and compared with traditional nylon nets either with (TNN+AF)-or without antifouling coats (TNN–AF) in a long-term growth experiment on gilthead seabream (Sparus aurata). Fish performed better growth and feed utilization in the CAM pen over the TNN+AF and TNN–AF, with a survival rate over 85% in all cage environments after the 7 months growth period. Relative wet weight gain of seabream in the CAM and TNN+AF pens were 25% and 15% higher compared to the TNN–AF cage, respectively. Surface of the TNN–AF mesh remained clean for two months after sea water deployment, while the mesh size in the TNN+AF pen remained effective for four months, and shrinking in mesh size thereafter. Dissolved oxygen was highest inside the CAM followed by the TNN+AF and TNN–AF cages, respectively. The results of the present study demonstrate that CAM might be beneficial for cage farming in offshore conditions, however further studies are encouraged to evaluate leaching of metals into the marine environment as well as toxic influences on fish tissues and health risks to human consumers. © 2018, Central Fisheries Research Institute. All rights reserved.Öğe CONSTRUCTION, ASSEMBLY AND SYSTEM DEPLOYMENT OF A FISH CAGE WITH COPPER ALLOY MESH PEN: CHALLENGING WORK LOAD AND ESTIMATION OF MAN-POWER(2018) Yiğit, Murat; Osienski, Michael; Decew, Judson; Çelikkol, Barbaros; Kesbiç, Osman Sabri; Karga, Mustafa; Acar, ÜmitIn the present study, a 150 cubic m net pen was designed as part of a collaborative research effort betweenthe International Copper Association (ICA-USA), the University of New Hampshire (UNH-USA) and Cannakale Onsekiz Mart University (COMU-Turkey) in August 2011. The fish cage was developed to supportthe creation of a small scale demonstration farm, located in the Strait of Canakkale, off the coast of Guzelyalitown in Turkey. The surface gravity-type, octagonal shaped fish cage was designed to have a diameter of 6m and a copper alloy mesh chamber depth of 5 m. The present study details the cage construction and systemdeployment of one fish cage utilized a chain link mesh net chamber with a copper alloy developed by Wieland-Werke in Germany, with reference to work load challenge and estimation of man-power necessary forthe partial and total work efforts. As a conclusion, one cage equipped with copper-alloy mesh pen was broughtto a final shape with the net chamber assembled and attached to the cage frame in 3 days and 90 man-hours.The HDPE (high density polythylene) cage frame was assembled by an outside company, therefore detail ofthe main cage frame is not discussed in this paper.Öğe Effects of High Levels of Dietary Fish Oil on the Immune Response of European Sea Bass, Dicentrarchus labrax(Adem Yavuz SÖNMEZ, 2013) Ergün, Sebahattin; Emre, Yılmaz; Yılmaz, Sevdan; Kurtoğlu, Adem; Yiğit, Murat; Güroy, Derya; Güroy, BetülLipids and their constituent fatty acids play essential and dynamic roles in the maintenance of optimum growth, feed efficiency and health of fish species. Lipids are primarily included in formulated diets to maximize their protein sparing effects. However, increasing the concentration of dietary fatty acids (EPA and DHA) in the fish diet can negatively affect fish immune response. In this study, some immune parameters were evaluated in European Sea Bass, Dicentrarchus labrax fed by a diet (50% crude protein) supplemented with fish oil at levels of 13–22%. In a 50-day feeding trial, 12 plastic tanks (80-L) were stocked with 18 fish per tank (~8g). The results showed that lysozyme and myeloperoxidase significantly decreased in fish fed diets with 16-22% fish oil inclusion. In conclusion, high–fat diets negatively affected some immune parameters of Sea Bass. Further studies are encouraged on the effect of dietary levels of fish oil on disease resistance.Öğe Effects of Tank Color on Growth Performance and Nitrogen Excretion of European Seabass (Dicentrarchus labrax) Juveniles(Springer India, 2016) Kesbiç, Osman Sabri; Yiğit, Murat; Acar, ÜmitThe present study investigated feed efficiency and growth performance of juvenile Seabass (Dicentrarchus labrax) cultured in tanks with different colors. Triplicate groups of experimental fish were distributed into 12 tanks, which showed four different tank colors, i.e. red, blue, green, and yellow. All the fish in the trial received the same diet for a period of 60 days. Forty fish with an average weight of 44 g were stocked in the tank. All experimental tanks were supplied with seawater of 22 ppt salinity with temperature ranging between 17–20 °C during the course of the experiment. Tank water volume in the experimental facility of the recirculating aquaculture system (RAS) was set to 40 L. The RAS system consisted of bio-filtration, UV filtration and gravel-mechanic filtration units. Results in the present study demonstrated that growth performance and feed utilization were affected by the tank colors tested in the trial. It is concluded that the selection of appropriate tank color might affect economic benefits in aquaculture facilities. © 2014, The National Academy of Sciences, India.Öğe Fatty acid profiles in wild axillary seabream (Pagellus acarne) versus cage-aggregated and cage-farmed fish with reference to nutritional contribution for human consumers(Central Fisheries Research Institute, 2018) Öztekin, Alkan; Yiğit, Murat; Kızılkaya, Bayram; Uçyol, Nail; Yılmaz, Sevdan; Tan, Evren; Bulut, Musa; Ergün, Sebahattin; Ayaz, AdnanFatty acid profiles of cage-farmed axillary seabream (Pagellus acarne) were compared with their wild representatives aggregated around the cage system and those from a distance area far from the fish farm. Wild fish contained higher levels of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA; 36.47 g/100 g lipid) than the cage-aggregated (30.16 g/100 g lipid) or cage-farmed fish (29.20 g/100 g lipid). However, the most salient difference between wild and farmed-fish was the fat content with two-times higher levels in the latter (7.70% versus 3.05%). This resulted in a higher nutritional contribution of eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), which totally covered the recommendations of European Food Safety Authority (EFSA) with higher rate in cage-farmed (140%, CFF) and cage-aggregated axillary seabream (130%, CAF) compared to the wild populations of P. acarne from distant area (99%, WCF). As a result, all fish either farmed, cage-aggregated or wild-caught individuals met the minimum nutritional contribution for EPA+DHA in the order of CFF > CAF > WCF. © 2018, Central Fisheries Research Institute. All rights reserved.Öğe Influence of increased photoperiods on growth, feed comsumption and survival of juvenile mirror carp (Cyprinus carpio linnaeus,1758)(2009) Yağcı, Duygu Danışman; Yiğit, MuratA growth trial was conducted in order to determine the effects of increased photoperiod regimes on growth performance, feed intake and survival of mirror carp (Cyprinus carpio Linnaeus, 1758) in laboratory conditions for 90 days. Triplicate groups of fish (6 g mean body weight) were exposed to photoperiod regimes of 12 hours light:12 hours dark (12L:12D), increased photoperiods of 16 hours light:8 hours dark (16L:8D) and continuous light (24L:0D), respectively. At the end of the trial, growth was highest in the group subjected to continuous photoperiod, and appeared significantly different (p<0.05) than the rates recorded in the other photoperiod regimes. Under the continuous (24L:0D) photoperiod, feed conversion ratio (FCR) was significantly (p<0.05) better than those in the other photoperiod treatments. No significant difference (p>0.05) was found in the FCRs between the 12L:12D and 16L:8D groups. Feed intake was not significantly (p>0.05) affected by photoperiod treatments. No mortality was observed in the continuous (24L:0D) photoperiod group, however, a mortality of about 3 % was recorded in the other two groups. For a better growth and lower food conversion rate, a continuous (24L:0D) photoperiod exposure is suggested best for rearing of juvenile carp.Öğe Multiple exposure to thunderstorm-sound in Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus): physiological response and stress recovery(Sciendo, 2023) Kuşku, Halit; Yiğit, Murat; Yılmaz, Sevdan; Yiğit, Ümüt; Ergün, SebahattinThe present study investigated the impacts of multiple thunderstorm-sound exposures on growth and respiratory parameters in Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) in order to evaluate the acoustic stress response. Thunderstorm-sound exposure for 3 hours triggered respiration speed with an alarm reflex and rapid elevation of opercula beat rate (OBR) and pectoral wing rate (PWR), which increased two-fold over the control with no sound treatment, and peaked (OBR, 71.33±5.86 beat/min; PWR, 75.00±3.61 beat/min) in 10 hours after initiation of sound. Thereafter, respiration rates declined over the following days and returned to near-initial levels (45.33±4.04 beat/min OBR and 43.00±1.00 beat/min PWR) by day 3, an indication that fish recovered from thunderstorm-sound stress after 3 days of exposure. However, the same reaction course was observed each time of multiple sound exposures, repeated 20 times in a row with 4-day intervals, underlining that fish could not attune to repeated thunderstorm sound. Reduced voluntary feed intake as a result of anxiety and appetite loss was recorded in fish exposed to multiple thunderstorm sound, resulting in 50% less growth compared to those without sound treatment by the end of the 80-day experimentation. Therefore, it is advisable to monitor fish behavior during the 3-day stress period after a thunderstorm event in order to prevent waste from excess feeding, that in turn may contribute environment-friendly aquaculture for the future and sustainability of the oceans.Öğe POTENTIAL ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS OF TUNA CAGE FARMING IN THE AEGEAN SEA(2019) Gürses, Rıdvan Kaan; Büyükateş, Yeşim; Yiğit, Murat; Ergün, Sebahattin; Özdilek, H. GökselThe present study aimed to investigate the potential impacts of Atlantic Bluefin Tuna (Thunnusthynnus) farming in offshore cage systems in the Aegean Sea (Sığacık Bay-Izmir, Turkey), in respectto physico-chemical water quality parameters, nutrient loads, chlorophyll-a, total suspended solids,zooplankton groups, and TRIX index calculations for the potentially affected cage farm area and anunaffected reference site. Concentrations of physico-chemical variables (temperature, salinity, dissolved oxygen, pH) in the study carried out in May and August 2018, were within the acceptablelimits for marine aquaculture in terms of water quality characteristics. The concentrations of PO4-P,NH4-N, and NO2-N showed no temporal or spatial changes, and were recorded below 0.01 mg/L(<0.01) for PO4-P and NH4-N, whereas lower than 0.005 mg/L (<0.005) for NO2-N values in bothcage and reference stations in May and August 2018 periods. Results showed low levels of TSS(0.33-11.87 mg/L), both in the cage farm area and the reference site, remaining below the generalquality criteria of 30 mg/L for marine environment. No eutrophication risk (TRIX index, T<4) wasobserved around the Tuna Cage Farm Site in Sığacık Bay, according to the legislations enacted for“Sensitive Areas of Enclosed Bays where fish farms are not allowed”. Based on these findings,demonstrating highly interactive trophic level variability, it can be concluded that the impacts of theTuna Cage Farm were not significant, possibly due to the consistent movement of the water in currents in the study area.Öğe THE INTEGRATION OF FISH AND PLANT PRODUCTION: NILE TILAPIA (Oreochromis niloticus) AND BASIL (Ocimum basilicum) CULTURE IN RECIRCULATING AND AQUAPONIC SYSTEMS(2017) Selek, Malik; Endo, Masato; Yiğit, Murat; Takeuchi, ToshioIn the present study, tilapia and basil production was performed in an aquaponic system developed with the integration of fish and plant production in the same culture environment. The variation of elements in the water was monitored and their effects on fish growth performance and feed utilization together with the plant growth were recorded. Triplicate groups of fish tanks were used in two different culture systems (recirculating-RS and aquaponic system-AS). The RS consisted of a water filtration unit whereas the AS was set with the incorporation of basil (Ocimum basilicum) production with the roots in water instead of soil, absorbing the discharge water from fish tanks through their roots. Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) with an initial mean weight of 5.65 g were introduced into both RS and AS systems and fed a commercial diet (50% protein) for a period of 75 days. At the same time basil was set into the AS with roots in water, a photoperiod of 12:12 dark:light regime was applied for the monitoring of plant growth. Water physicochemical parameters were recorded in both culture environments throughout the study period. Based on the findings in both culture systems, at the end of the experiment, it was found that the variations of amonium (NH4), nitrite (NO2) and nitrate (NO3) recorded in the AS were lower then those measured in the RS culture unit.Öğe THE USE OF GARLIC (Allium sativum) MEAL AS A NATURAL FEED SUPPLEMENT IN DIETS FOR EUROPEAN SEABASS (Dicentrarchus labrax) JUVENILES(2016) İrkin, C. Latife; Yiğit, MuratThe incorporation of garlic meal (GM) in diets for European seabass juveniles were evaluated with a diet containing 43% protein and 17% lipid (gross energy 19kJ/g diet). Experimental diets with GM incorporation of 0, 2, 4, and 6% were fed to fish (10.60 ±0.16 g) until satiation for 60-days. Significant differences (p<0.05) were recorded for growth performance, with the highest rate in the 4% GM group, followed by the control group. Improved feed conversion (FCR) and protein efficiency rates (PER) were observed in the GM4 group compared to the other treatments. Nitrogen retention as a percent of intake was highest in the in GM4 group. Significantly higher values (p<0.05) were found for body protein and lipid, and lower values (p<0.05) for the hepatosomatic, viscerasomatic or mesenteric fat indexes in the GM4 group compared to the other treatments. Fish fed garlic supplemented diets showed lower saturated fatty acids (SFA) and monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFA), but higher polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) compared to the control group with no garlic treatment. Results indicate that dietary GM inclusion of 4% can improve fish growth and nutrient utilization with an increase of fish muscle quality by elevated PUFA concentrations, and a reduction of total nitrogen excretionÖğe Total ve besin maddesi sindirilme oranlarının su ürünleri yetiştiriciliğindeki önemi(2003) Yiğit, Murat; Tırıl, Serap UstaoğluBalık üretimini sınırlayan en önemli faktörlerin başında yem masrafları gelmektedir. Rasyon hazırlanırken, balık türüne göre besin maddesi gereksinimini karşılayabilmek için kullanılacak yem hammaddelerinin belirlenmesinde, hem maliyet hem de sindirilme oranlan göz önünde bulundurulmalıdır. Bu çalışmada, akuakültürde, total ve besin madde sindirilme oranlarının önemi ve bu oranlan belirleme yöntemleri, bazı güncel literatürler ışığında özetlenmiştir.Öğe Utilization of corn gluten meal as a protein source in diets for gilthead sea bream (Sparus aurata L.) juveniles(2012) Yiğit, Murat; Bulut, Musa; Ergün, Sebahattin; Güroy, Derya; Karga, Mustafa; Kesbiç, Osman Sabri; Yılmaz, SevdanBu çalışmada çipura yemlerinde balık ununun bir kısmı yerine mısır glüten ununun (CGM) kullanılabilirliği incelenmiştir. Araştırmada hamsi unu, artan miktarlarda (0%, 10%, 20% ve 30%) mısır glüten unu ile ikame edilerek hazırlanan dört farklı deneysel yemlerle (izo-nitrojenik ve izo-kalorik, %52 protein ve %10 yağ, 19 kJ/g yem) yavru çipura balıkları (ortalama ağırlık 1,5 g) günde 2 kez olmak üzere beslenmişlerdir. Üç tekerrürlü olarak 45 gün süreyle gerçekleştirilen çalışma, Kapalı Devre Üretim (RAS) sisteminde ve 18±2 °C’lik su ortamında yürütülmüştür. Deneme grupları arasında %10 CGM içeren yem grubunda elde edilen büyüme performansı değerlendirildiğinde, %100 balık unu (FM) içeren kontrol yem grubu ile benzerlik gösterdiği belirlenmiştir. Deneme süresince tüm gruplarda yaşam oranı %100 olarak kaydedilmiştir. Yemdeki CGM ilavesi %20 ve %30 olan deneme gruplarında elde edilen büyüme performansı ile yem verimliliği ve protein verimliliği değerlerinin kontrol grubunda ve %10 CGM grubunda elde edilen verilere göre daha düşük olduğu belirlenmiştir. Ancak, bu farklılıklar CGM10 ve CGM20 grupları arasında istatistiksel yönden önemsiz olarak kaydedilmiştir. Büyüme performansına ilişkin ekonomik verimlilik analizlerine göre elde edilen sonuçlar da deneme grupları arasında en büyük kazancın ve karlılık oranının %10 CGM içeren yem grubunda elde edildiği anlaşılmıştır. Bu çalışmada elde edilen sonuçlara göre, herhangi bir amino asit desteği olmaksızın, sadece mısır glüten unu kullanımının, yavru çipura balıklarında büyüme performansı, yem verimliliği veya ekonomik indeksler açısından herhangi bir olumsuz etki göstermeyeceği sonucuna varılmıştır.
