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    Consensus (Ijma') in al-Tabari's Tafsir: Conceptual Framework, Authoritative Function, and Interpretive Applications
    (Sakarya Univ, 2025) Yasar, Mehmet
    Numerous sources within the tafsir tradition refer to the concept of ijma' (consensus), particularly in classical exegetical works, where it holds notable significance. In this context, questions such as what ijma' signifies within tafsir and whether a unanimous agreement among Muslim scholars on the meaning of a specific verse is practically possible become central to understandingits exegetical function. One of the key classical scholars addressing this issue is al-Tabari (d. 310/923). An analysis of his work Jami'al-bayan reveals that he consistently treats ijma' as one of the principal sources of tafsir. al-Tabari refers to ijma' in interpreting numerous verses, often usingitto assess and validate the views of early scholars (salaf). He employs ijma' in a multifaceted way: at times, explicitly stating scholarly consensus to delimit a verse's interpretation; at other times, pointing to implicit consensus by treating complementary views not as conflicting but as equally valid. This perspective leads him to affirm the validity of all interpretive meanings indicated by the verse. However, al-Tabari does not always use ijma' in an absolute sense. He frequently regards isolated opposing opinions as insufficient to undermine a majority consensus, thereby maintaining the authority and binding nature of ijma' in his exegetical method. This study adopts an inductive approach to examine the place and function of ijma' within the tafsir tradition through al-Tabari's perspective. Focusing primarily on al-Tabari's methodology, the research also engages in comparative readings to contextualize his approach within the broader exegetical tradition.
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    Increased Sister Chromatid Exchanges in Patients with Gastrointestinal Cancers and in their First-Degree Relatives
    (Modestum Ltd, 2014) Turgut, Taner; Yasar, Mehmet; Yaykasli, Kursat Oguz; Ertas, Ertugrul; Sılan, Fatma
    Gastrointestinal Cancers (GICs) are the most important causes of mortality and morbidity in industrialized world. Sister chromatid exchange (SCE), as an index of chromosomal instability, involves cancer. The aim of this study is to determine whether SCE frequency is a heritable factor for GIC or not. The study groups consisted of 15 gastrointestinal carcinoma patients, 13 patient relatives and 15 healthy subjects as the control group. After collection of 2 ml peripheral blood, lymphocytes were cultured for 3 days and sister chromatid exchange (SCE), mitotic index, and replication index were analyzed. SCE was significantly increased (p< 0.01) in patients (16.06 +/- 22.37) and in their relatives (5.23 +/- 2.64) compared with controls (3.51 +/- 1.58). There was no significant difference between patients' relatives and control group in terms of the incidence of SCE frequency. Mitotic index was significantly decreased (p< 0.05, p< 0.01) in patients (5.4 +/- 3.13) compared with healthy relatives (7.15 +/- 2.15) and controls (9.00 +/- 2.26). Replication index was also significantly lower (p< 0.01) in patients (1.39 +/- 0.35) and in their relatives (1.7 +/- 0.21) compared with controls (2.04 +/- 1.13). The results of this study indicate that SCE is a heritable factor for GICs. Increased SCE reflects genomic instability, which is an important factor in carcinogenesis. Although the most putative factors causing genomic instability are epigenetics marks, further studies in combination with epigenetic modifications are needed using more subjects.