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    Conjunctivitis due to Neisseria sicca: A case report
    (Medknow Publications & Media Pvt Ltd, 2014) Eser, Ilker; Alper Akçalı; Tatman-Otkun, Muserref; Taskiran-Comez, Arzu
    We report the first case, in Medline-based literature, of conjunctivitis caused by gram negative diplococcus, Neisseria sicca. Although it is not widely accepted as such, isolation from cultures of repeated eye swab samples suggests that N. sicca may be a pathogen in conjunctival infections. Positive culture for this organism should not be readily dismissed. Such conjunctivitis responded favorably to treatment with netilmicin eye drops.
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    Evaluation of tuberculosis laboratory results in çanakkale onsekiz mart university research and education hospital for 2009-2011
    (2012) Ozbey, Nilgun; Alper Akçalı; Tatman-Otkun, Muserref
    Objective: Tuberculosis microbiological laboratory diagnosis was firstly started in year 2009, in Microbiology Laboratory of Onsekiz Mart University Research and Education Hospital in Çanakkale. We aimed at this study to present our laboratory data and to evaluate the methods which were used for the diagnosis of micobacteria. Method: Samples sent to our laboratory for tuberculosis culture were stained by Ehrlich-Ziehl-Neelsen (EZN) method and evaluated microscopically. After processing of samples, each sample was inoculated to Löwenstein-Jensen medium (LJ) and BACTEC MGIT 960 (Mycobacteria Growth Indicator Tube, Becton Dickinson, USA) liquid based medium. If suspected growth was detected, Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex (MTBC) typing was made and if requested antituberculosis drug susceptibility for streptomycin (STR), isoniazid (INH), rifampicin (RF) and ethambutol (ETM) tested. Samples from normally sterile body sites cultured directly, others were firstly decontaminated and concentrated. Results: During the study period 1.048 samples from 667 patient has been processed. Seventy eight samples (7.44%) from 54 patients were found positive by BACTEC MGIT system: 71 of them MTBC and seven of them were mycobacteria other than tuberculosis (MOTT). By LJ medium 64 MTBC and 4 MOTT strain, totally 68 mycobacterium were isolated. Mean time for detecting positive culture by MGIT 960 was 11.8 days (± 7.45 SD). With EZN stain, 49 samples were detected as acido resistant bacilli and only 42 (86%) of them were positive by culture. Antituberculosis drug susceptibilty was evaluated at isolates of 25 from 54 patients. A resistance to at least one of the drugs were detected in six isolates. It is found that five isolates were resistant to STR, three were resistant to INH and one was resistant to ETM. Three isolates were resistant to both STR and INH. Rifampicin resistance was not detected in MTBC. Conclusion: With this study we presented first tuberculosis laboratory findings from our province, Çanakkale. Tuberculosis microbiological culture and antituberculosis susceptibility tests can be made using Bactec MGIT 960 system which is easier and faster than solid media culture. In tuberculosis diagnosis sensitivity of culture is higher than microscopical evaluation. It was concluded that although microscopic examination has low sensitivity, for early detection of tuberculosis both culture and staining should be used together for routine detection of tuberculosis.
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    Nosocomial infections and risk factors in intensive care unit of a university hospital in Turkey
    (De Gruyter Poland Sp Z O O, 2010) Ozer, Burcin; Tatman-Otkun, Muserref; Memis, Dilek; Otkun, Metin
    The aim of this study was to determine the types nosocomial infections (NIs) and the risk factors for NIs in the central intensive care unit (ICU) of Trakya University Hospital. The patients admitted to the ICU were observed prospectively by the unit-directed active surveillance method based on patient and the laboratory over a 9-month-period. The samples of urine, blood, sputum or tracheal aspirate were taken from the patients on the first and the third days of their hospitalization in ICU; the patients were cultured routinely. Other samples were taken and cultured if there was suspicion of an infection. Infections were considered as ICU-associated if they developed after 48 hours of hospitalization in the unit and 5 days after discharge from the unit if the patients had been sent to a different ward in the hospital. The rate of NIs in 135 patients assigned was found to be 68%. The most common infection sites were lower respiratory tract, urinary tract, bloodstream, catheter site and surgical wound. Hospitalization in ICU for more than 6 days and colonization was found to be the main risk factor for NIs. Prolonged mechanical ventilation and tracheostomy, as well as frequently changed nasogastric catheterization, were found to be risk factors for lower respiratory tract infections. For bloodstream infections, both prolonged insertion of and frequent change of arterial catheters, and for urinary tract infections, female gender, period and repeating of urinary catheterization were risk factors. A high prevalence rate of nosocomial infections was found in this study. Invasive device use and duration of use continue to greatly influence the development of nosocomial infection in ICU. Important factors to prevent nosocomial infections are to avoid long hospitalization and unnecessary device application. Control and prevention strategies based on continuing education of healthcare workers will decrease the nosocomial infections in the intensive care unit.