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Öğe A comparison of the generation of free radicals in saliva of active and passive smokers(Tubitak Scientific & Technological Research Council Turkey, 2014) Demirtas, Murat; Senel, Unal; Yuksel, Sevda; Yuksel, MustafaAim: To reveal any correlation between cigarette smoke and malondialdehyde (MDA) values in the saliva fluid of subjects who are active smokers or nonsmoking subjects who are exposed to cigarette smoke in their environments. Materials and methods: Saliva samples were taken from 3 groups: a control group (group 1), a group inhaling smoke passively (group 2), and a test group (group 3) smoking 20 cigarettes per day; each group consisted of 20 members, giving a total sample of 60 people, aged 20 to 45 years. MDA, which is an indicator of lipid peroxidation, was measured via the colorimetric method. Results: Salivary MDA levels in smokers were found to be significantly higher compared to the control group and the group of passive smokers (P < 0.05). When compared with the control group, the MDA levels of passive smokers and active smokers were higher; when passive and active smokers were compared, the MDA levels of active smokers were higher. When all 3 groups were compared, the MDA levels in the control group (nonsmokers) were observed to be lower than the MDA level of the other 2 groups. Conclusion: It was observed that lipid peroxidation, which is an indicator used to determine oxidative stress, and MDA level, which is a product of this reactive chain, are significantly higher in individuals who are smokers. Such a high level of MDA in passive smokers indicates that smoking also affects nonsmokers negatively.Öğe Double and Triple Gel Stocks Method in Pulsed Field Gel Electrophoresis(Research Journal Biotechnology, 2015) Senel, UnalAlthough pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) is a very valuable and gold standard method in molecular typing of bacteria-based epidemic diseases, its main disadvantages are as follows; it is time-consuming, it enables simultaneous working on a very limited samples and it requires experienced personnel. This study aims to work on 2-3 times more samples during the single gel system protocol simultaneously with the application of double and triple gel system to current PFGE system. In order to ensure the perfection of DNA patterns observed in gels to be assessed as those in single system and to prevent the contamination of these DNA patterns; intermediate lamellas manufactured from 13x14 cm polystyrene (PS), acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene (ABS) and acetyl cellulose were used. The results obtained from the double gel system including polystyrene (PS), acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene(ABS) are similar with the original gel system without sacrificing quality. However the desired results could not be obtained from the triple gel system in which the intermediate lamella made of acetyl cellulose was used.Öğe Prevalence, antibiotic and pulsed-field gel electrophoresis patterns of Staphylococcus aureus small-colony variants in cystic fibrosis patients(SEAMEO TROPMED Network, 2016) Pakasticali, Nagehan; Kaya, Gamze; Senel, Unal; Kipritci, Oner; Tamay, Zeynep; Guler, Nermin; Nazik, HasanStaphylococcus aureus is the most common pathogen isolated from respiratory tract samples in cystic fibrosis (CF) cases. Rate of infection with S. aureus small-colony variants (SCVs) also is increasing in CF patients. In this study, we aimed to determine the prevalence, antibiotic susceptibility and genotypic property of S. aureus SCVs in respiratory tract samples of CF patients admitted to Istanbul Faculty of Medicine Hospital, Turkey. Among 305 respiratory tract samples from 84 CF patients, normal S. aureus isolates were present in 71% of the CF patients and S. aureus SCVs in 21%. The highest antibiotic resistance was against penicillin (82%) followed by clarithromycin (21%) in S. aureus SCVs, while resistance to levofloxacin was low (2%) in normal S. aureus isolates but was 16% in S. aureus SCVs. No mecA and mecC were detected. The S. aureus strains constituted 24 different genotypes based on pulsed field gel-electrophoresis assay. The possible existence of S. aureus SCVs that are more resistant to antibiotis than normal S. aureus should be taken into considerstion when treating CF patients for this pernicious bacterial infection. © 2017, SEAMEO TROPMED Network. All Rights Reserved.Öğe PREVALENCE, ANTIBIOTIC AND PULSED-FIELD GEL ELECTROPHORESIS PATTERNS OF STAPHYLOCOCCUS AUREUS SMALL-COLONY VARIANTS IN CYSTIC FIBROSIS PATIENTS(Southeast Asian Ministers Educ Organization, 2016) Pakasticali, Nagehan; Kaya, Gamze; Senel, Unal; Kipritci, Oner; Tamay, Zeynep; Guler, Nermin; Nazik, HasanStaphylococcus aureus is the most common pathogen isolated from respiratory tract samples in cystic fibrosis (CF) cases. Rate of infection with S. aureus small-colony variants (SCVs) also is increasing in CF patients. In this study, we aimed to determine the prevalence, antibiotic susceptibility and genotypic property of S. aureus SCVs in respiratory tract samples of CF patients admitted to Istanbul Faculty of Medicine Hospital, Turkey. Among 305 respiratory tract samples from 84 CF patients, normal S. aureus isolates were present in 71% of the CF patients and S. aureus SCVs in 21%. The highest antibiotic resistance was against penicillin (82%) followed by clarithromycin (21%) in S. aureus SCVs, while resistance to levofloxacin was low (2%) in normal S. aureus isolates but was 16% in S. aureus SCVs. No mecA and mecC were detected. The S. aureus strains constituted 24 different genotypes based on pulsed field gel-electrophoresis assay. The possible existence of S. aureus SCVs that are more resistant to antibiotis than normal S. aureus should be taken into considerstion when treating CF patients for this pernicious bacterial infection.
