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    An Investigation of the Relationship between Modern Education and Inequality: Panel Data Analysis (2010-2019)
    (2022) Sağlam, Muhlis Selman
    In postmodern reality, a critical approach is offered to education through the school institution. Our research has examined this approach by conceptualizing “deschooling of society” in the context of the relationship between educational and human inequality. In our study, the claims were tested by panel data. The relationship between education and inequality was tested with the data of 45 countries from 2010-2019. While the ratio of inequality in education to determine human inequality is high for developing countries, this effect decreases as the country's development increases. For developing and lower group developed countries, spending on education is meaningless in explaining human inequality. On the other hand, expenditures on the education sector in upper-group developed countries make sense to explain human inequality. While every 1-year increase in the average school year is more effective in reducing human inequality in developing countries, this effect gradually decreases in developed countries, especially in upper-group developed countries. In developing and lower group developed countries, the ratio of variables related to education to explain human inequality is very close. On the other hand, in the upper group of developed countries, this ratio is almost halved.
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    Economics and Capitalism in the Ottoman Empire
    (Research Centre for Islamic Economics (IKAM), 2021) Sağlam, Muhlis Selman
    The book under review consists of five chapters. In the first part, the author discusses the 19th century Ottoman social structure and economic thought system. In the following three chapters this structure has been examined in detail by focusing on social change, development issues, imperialism, and industrialization. T he last chapter summarizes author’s views on the Ottoman economic thought system following which the author concludes his argument.
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    Pollution haven or pollution halo in the fishing footprint: Evidence from Indonesia
    (Elsevier Ltd, 2023) Yılancı, Veli; Çütçü, İbrahim; Çayır, Bilal; Sağlam, Muhlis Selman
    This study tests the pollution halo/haven hypothesis and the environmental Kuznets curve (EKC) in Indonesia by considering the fishing footprint (FF) as the environmental degradation indicator over the period 1976–2018. The results provide evidence of the validity of the pollution halo hypothesis and the EKC. Besides, we found that trade openness in the fishery sector harms the FF. These results have important policy implications for Indonesia. (i) Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) positively affects the fishing environment, which may be due to the beneficial implications of the FDI in the fishery sector via modern management techniques, cutting-edge technologies, increased productivity, and know-how transfers. (ii) The validity of the EKC hypothesis with the estimated turning point of 4579.513 US Dollars indicates that the Indonesian fishing environment deteriorates till the per capita GDP level reaches 4579.513 and then improves after this point. (iii) Increased free trade in fishery products contributes to environmental quality.