An Investigation of the Relationship between Modern Education and Inequality: Panel Data Analysis (2010-2019)

In postmodern reality, a critical approach is offered to education through the school institution. Our research has examined this approach by conceptualizing “deschooling of society” in the context of the relationship between educational and human inequality. In our study, the claims were tested by panel data. The relationship between education and inequality was tested with the data of 45 countries from 2010-2019. While the ratio of inequality in education to determine human inequality is high for developing countries, this effect decreases as the country's development increases. For developing and lower group developed countries, spending on education is meaningless in explaining human inequality. On the other hand, expenditures on the education sector in upper-group developed countries make sense to explain human inequality. While every 1-year increase in the average school year is more effective in reducing human inequality in developing countries, this effect gradually decreases in developed countries, especially in upper-group developed countries. In developing and lower group developed countries, the ratio of variables related to education to explain human inequality is very close. On the other hand, in the upper group of developed countries, this ratio is almost halved.