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Öğe A 21-year recovery trend in green turtle nesting activity: 2002-2022(John Wiley and Sons Inc, 2023) Sönmez, Bektaş; Mestav, Burcu; Yalçın Özdilek, ŞükranLong-term monitoring and conservation are crucial for effective protection, since sea turtles migrate cyclically every 2-3 years and lay multiple nests during a breeding season. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the long-term trend of nesting activities of green turtles over a 21-year period (2002-2022) on Samandag beach.An early morning survey was conducted every year during both nesting and hatching seasons. The trend analyses in nesting activities were performed using Mann-Kendall and Sen's slope tests together with the augmented Dickey-Fuller stationarity test.The nest count and female abundance increased significantly, whereas clutch size, fecundity, and hatching success tended to decrease insignificantly. The percentage change between the most recent and oldest 3-year mean nest count and mean female abundance, which is performed to comply with the Red List assessment method used by the International Union for Conservation of Nature Marine Turtle Specialist Group, was 769% and 764% respectively.Samandag nesting population accounts for one-third of the Mediterranean's total nest count and one-fourth of its total female abundance. The decrease in clutch size and fecundity may be due to the recruitment of individuals with smaller body sizes or malnutrition as a result of population growth. There was an increase in the number of dead embryos and a decline in hatching success. This may be explained by density-dependent population regulation as a result of an increase in the number of nests.It may be argued that adherence to a uniform strategy and the maintenance of continuous protection through collaboration with governmental and non-governmental organizations with scientifically rigorous methodology are significant factors contributing to the high recovery.This study emphasizes the necessity of adopting a comprehensive conservation approach encompassing both foraging habitats and the significant role played by the population in Samandag in the proliferation of Mediterranean green turtles.Öğe A case study of the effect of temperature on aggressiveness in the Monilinia-peach pathosystem(Springer, 2023) Fidanoğlu, Baran Taylan; Mestav, Burcu; Özkılınç, HilalTemperature is one of the key factors affecting the infection and development of fungal plant pathogens. Monilinia fructicola and M. laxa are the most important species causing brown rot of peach fruits worldwide. Considering that symptoms of M. laxa and M. fructicola appear in spring and summer, respectively, the virulence of these two species is expected to differ under temperature stress. To test this hypothesis, four isolates with different virulence levels from both species were selected and their in vitro aggressiveness on peach fruit was tested at different temperatures. Experiments were conducted at 4 °C, 11 °C, 23 °C and 35 °C, relating to postharvest storage temperature, spring temperature, in vitro optimum growth temperature and summer temperature, respectively. Incubation period and relative area under disease progression curve (RAUDPC) were used as aggressiveness components of the pathogens. Incubation period was shortest at 35 °C and longest at 4 °C for both species. Temperature affected aggressiveness responses of these species differently. While M. fructicola was more aggressive at higher temperatures (35 °C), M. laxa was more aggressive at lower temperatures (4 °C & 11 °C). Besides, RAUDPC values of low virulent isolates of both species showed wider distribution at all temperatures evaluated, compared to high virulents. The piecewise regression (PWR) model detected two main clusters and indicated that increased temperatures trigger disease progression rapidly and severely. The PWR model used in this study also provided an example that can be used in the management and prediction of fungal diseases. This case study presented important findings that will guide a comprehensive study plan on the effects of climate change in this pathosystem.Öğe Ambient Air Quality and General Health Outcomes in Nigde (Turkey) between 2011 and 2017(Tehran University of Medical Sciences, 2021) Ertan, Kara; Özdilek, Hasan Göksel; Kara, Emine Erman; Balcı, Fatih; Mestav, BurcuBackground: We aimed to provide information for health practitioners and other related people about the association between ambient air quality and adverse health outcomes in the general population of Nigde, a cen-tral Turkish city, within the context of current health data epidemiological evidence. Methods: The present study highlights the connection between health problems and time series of particulate matter (PM10) and sulphur dioxide (SO2) in Nigde, Turkey between 2011 and 2017. Significant morbidity is linked to ambient air pollution, resulting in a significant economic cost to society. Results: We found that the required funds to treat cancers and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease triggered by ambient air pollution in Nigde, exceed 9 million US dollars per year, even when only the city center is taken into account. Conclusion: As Turkish cities grow and urban population density increases, air pollution issues need to be given priority in order to protect the health of the public and support sustainable development for future generations. It is recommended that particulate matter concentration in this urban center should be significantly reduced to minimize health problems.Öğe Assessment of the relationship between the postpartum diseases susceptibility and the bovine monocyte subsets via Bayesian logistic regression, under various prior distributions(Elsevier Sci Ltd, 2022) Mestav, BurcuPostpartum diseases (PD) in dairy cows cause serious concerns about economic losses worldwide. This study intended to investigate the relationship between PD susceptibility and counts of monocyte subgroup cells (MCC), in the blood samples taken from 27 German Holstein cows 42 and 14 days before the expected calving by adopting the Bayesian approach. The paper also aimed to discuss the prior selection problem in the Bayesian approach and to reveal the parameter estimation difference based on the available data. The parameters were estimated according to the models established at two different time points with eight different prior distributions. As a result of the study, all the models revealed strong evidence that cows with PD, compared to healthy cows, had a higher increase in MCC counts on Day 14. There was no difference between the models according to their WAIC and LOO values. In terms of the parameter estimates, the models produced identical results; however, the models with noninformative priors presented strong evidence for the absence of effects by Bayes factor but, provided evidence for the existence of the effect according to the credible interval. The models with weakly informative and shrinkage priors provided strong evidence for the presence of the effect. The findings suggest that MCC can be considered to serve as a prospective indicator for early detection of PD.Öğe BAYESIAN INFERENCE OF GENETIC PARAMETERS FOR 305 DAY MILK YIELD IN TURKISH HOLSTEINS VIA GIBBS SAMPLING(Parlar Scientific Publications (P S P), 2018) Gevrekci, Yakut; Mestav, Burcu; Takma, CigdemIn this study, variance components of 305 day milk yield (dMY) are estimated. Milk yield records from the Cattle Breeders' Association of Turkey were collected between 2001 and 2011. The data include 4395 first-calving records of animals with 3227 dams and 550 sires of them. The fixed effects in the model are the calving year, calving season, herd and covariate effect which is the age at first calving. The analysis was implemented by Gibbs Sampling methodology with a single run of the Monte Carlo Markov Chains (MCMC). Estimates of marginal posterior densities of all unknown parameters were obtained by MCMC GLMM (Generalized Linear Mixed Model) package in R Project software. The convergence was verified through graphical inspection as trace plots. The posterior mean of direct heritability for 305 dMY was calculated as 0.04 +/- 0.0012. Unlike conventional methods such as Analysis of Variance (ANOVA), Gibbs Sampling gives point estimates within the parameter space. The estimated results of this study suggest that Gibbs Sampling method seems to be a flexible and reliable procedure for the genetic evaluation of 305 dMY and it can be useful in the breeding programs for Holsteins.Öğe Body size-related polymorphic foraging strategy in adult green turtles(Elsevier Ltd, 2023) Yalçın Özdilek, Şükran; Sönmez, Bektaş; Mestav, BurcuGreen turtles (Chelonia mydas) are among the prominent migratory and conservation-needing animals. Missing data on the foraging strategy of green turtles limits effective conservation actions in the Eastern Mediterranean. We applied the stable δ13C and δ15N isotope signatures together with body size to evaluate the foraging ecology of green turtles. Five tissue samples were utilized, including keratin, epidermis, red blood cells, plasma, and whole blood. The samples were retrieved from five major breeding areas in Turkey. Significant correlations were observed between curved carapace length and the δ13C and δ15N values of the green turtles in all the breeding populations except for Alata. The bimodal distribution of δ13C and two clusters based on the δ13C and δ15N values indicated a dichotomy concerning the foraging habitats of the green turtles nesting on the Eastern Mediterranean. The body sizes of the females in the first cluster (with depleted values) were significantly larger than the second cluster (with enriched values). The total niche area of the females in the first cluster was larger than that in the second cluster, which may correspond to the generalist/specialist feeding strategy. The present study gives some novel results about the foraging ecology of green turtles in the Mediterranean. For effective and viable conservation actions, further studies are needed to identify the foraging areas of green turtles in the Mediterranean.Öğe Climate change effects on abundance and distribution of the European eel in Türkiye(Wiley, 2024) Mestav, Burcu; Ozdilek, Suekran Yalcin; Acar, Zahide; Gokkaya, Kemal; Partal, NurbanuSpatial and temporal distribution of European eel (Anguilla anguilla) during 1967-2020 was used to model European eel distribution in response to climate variability. Modeling integrated predictions from two distinct models for inferences. First, modeling of the relationship between temperature and precipitation and European eel catch values using multiple time-series regression analyses showed that climate variables contributed to eel distribution in T & uuml;rkiye. Eel catch became restricted to western and southern coasts of T & uuml;rkiye and total catch decreased between 1967 and 2020. From 1967 to 2020, favorable climatic conditions for European eels in T & uuml;rkiye were characterized by moderate temperatures. Furthermore, projections for 2050 and 2070 suggested that suitable habitat would be lost in T & uuml;rkiye. Our findings underscore the urgent need for immediate and widespread implementation of effective conservation policies to mitigate threats to European eel in T & uuml;rkiye and globally.Öğe Destinasyon İmaj Başarımının Ziyaretçi Memnuniyeti ve Davranışı Üzerine Etkisi: Çanakkale Örneği(Çanakkale Onsekiz Mart Üniversitesi, 2023) Balyemez Yılmaz, Menije; Mestav, BurcuBu çalışmanın amacı, yerli turistlerin destinasyon imajı başarımını algılama düzeylerini ve bunların ziyaretçi memnuniyeti ve davranışı üzerindeki etkisini ortaya koymayı planladık. Bu sayede destinasyon imajını pozitif olarak geliştirmek isteyen mahalli idareciler ve hedef anakütleye yönelik tutundurma faaliyeti gerçekleştirmek isteyen işletmeler için rehber olmasını amaçladık. Araştırmanın evrenini, Kasım ve Aralık 2022 tarihleri arasında Tarihi Alan’ı ziyaret eden 18 yaş ve üstü yerli ziyaretçiler oluşturmaktadır. Anket sayısı Kolayda Örnekleme yöntemi kullanılarak belirlenmiş olup anket 400 kişiye uygulanmıştır. Çalışmadan elde edilen sonuçlara göre, ankete katılanların büyük bir kısmının destinasyondan genel anlamda memnun olduğu, destinasyon imajı başarımı ile ziyaretçi memnuniyeti arasında yüksek bir ilişki olduğu saptanmıştır. Ayrıca ziyaretçi memnuniyeti ile gelecekteki ziyaretçi davranışı ve destinasyon imajı başarımı ile gelecekteki ziyaretçi davranışı arasında anlamlı ilişki, genç popülasyonun memnuniyet düzeyinin daha fazla olduğu ve destinayon imajı başarımını daha yüksek algıladığı ortaya konmuştur. Şehitliklerin temizliği ve bakımı korunması gerekenler kümesinde yer almışlardır. Bilgilendirme panoları, alandaki yön tabelaları, çöp toplama hizmeti ve çevrenin temizliği ziyaretçiler açısından başarılı bulunmasına rağmen diğer destinasyonlarla yapılan karşılaştırmada performans açısından daha düşük olarak değerlendirilmişlerdir. Bu nedenle bu alanlar üzerinde daha fazla çalışma yapılarak geliştirilmesi gereken konular olarak saptanmışlardır.Öğe Detection and diagnostic methods of multiple influential points in binary logistic regression model in animal breeding(Centenary University, 2019) Mestav, BurcuMultiple influential points adversely affect parameter estimation in binary logistic regression models and lead to misinterpretation of results. An influential point is a data point that does not follow the overall slope of remaining data and has extreme value in terms of x. Since the presence of approximately 10% of influential points in a dataset affects parameter estimates, detection and diagnosis of these points greatly matter. Graphical (such as scatter graph and box graph) and analytical methods are adopted in the detection and diagnosis of multiple influential points. Among the commonly used diagnostic methods are Pearson residuals, Standardized Pearson Residuals (SPR), Cook Distance (CD), Hat matrix, DFFITS, and DFBETA. However, these methods mask problems and fail to diagnose if there are multiple influential points. Many statisticians have developed and proposed new diagnostic methods, such as Generalized Standardized Pearson Residual (GSPR) and Generalized Weights (GW), to overcome this problem. This study exploited a dataset containing multiple influential points (15%) for weaning weight (WW), yearling weight (YW), fleece weight (FW), and fertility rate (FR) of Romney ewes and modelled the effects of WW, TW and FW variables on FR by binary logistic regression model. This study is intended to determine the multiple influential points by graphical methods and to examine the performance of commonly used and newly developed methods in the diagnosis of these data points. As a result, it was observed that the commonly used methods mask multiple influential points and the new proposed methods competently identify these points. © 2019, Centenary University. All rights reserved.Öğe Dichotomy in morphology of the same genetic lineage of green turtles(British Herpetological Society, 2023) Sönmez, Bektaş; Mestav, Burcu; Kırbeci, Selma; Yalçın Özdilek, ŞükranMorphological studies of marine turtles are important to provide insight into changes in their developmental environment. This study aimed to determine green turtles' Chelonia mydas morphological differences within the same genetic lineage in the eastern Mediterranean MED3 management unit and to find the best conversion equations between carapace size. A total of 106 adult green turtles (curved carapace length [CCL] range 79–105 cm) were measured on the five major nesting beaches of the eastern Mediterranean during 2020 and 2021. Morphological differences were tested with PERMANOVA and the relationship among body sizes was tested by linear regression. In the eastern Mediterranean green turtles, the mean CCL and SCL (straight carapace length) were 88.5 cm and 83.5 cm, respectively. There were no statistically significant differences in any of the examined morphological characteristics of green turtles collected from five nesting beaches. In the clustering analysis, however, it was found that all the turtles fell into two distinct groups: larger (> 95.2 cm) and smaller (< 85.2 cm) turtles. As well, the conversion equations between CCL and SCL showed a high coefficient of determination (R2 = 0.938). We suggest that the conversion equations may be applied to all green turtles belonging to this population and nesting in the eastern Mediterranean.Öğe Evaluation of the role of enzyme activities in the silvering process of European eels (Anguilla anguilla)(Springer, 2023) Ertürk Gürkan, Selin; Mestav, Burcu; Yalçın Özdilek, ŞükranThis study was carried out to determine the relationships between various morphological parameters, body condition data, and digestive and stress enzyme activities due to silvering in European eel (Anguilla anguilla L.) collected from four locations in Turkey. The yellow and silver eels were caught from Asi River, Köyceğiz, Güllük Bay, and Bafa Lake in November–December 2020. Total body length, eye diameter, and pectoral fin length were measured as morphological parameters. In addition, body fat percentage, gonado-somatic index, and Fulton’s condition factor were calculated, and also weight was assayed as body condition data. The variations of α-amylase, lipase, trypsin, and pepsin enzymes, and superoxide dismutase, catalase, and glutathione peroxidase enzyme activities were measured. The results supported the differences of yellow and silver stage samples in terms of both morphological and physiological parameters and also showed that the digestive and stress enzyme activities of the silver and yellow stage samples were significantly different (p ≤ 0.05). We think this study will make a physiological contribution in terms of digestive and stress enzyme levels to better understand and elaborate the silvering stage of eels.Öğe Generalized Linear Mixed Model versus Transformation on Bayesian Approach(2018) Mestav, Burcu; Tatlıyer, Adile; Baş, SinanLinear mixed effects models (LMM) have been widely used for nearly all analysis of animal breedingdata. They are very powerful tools for the estimation of variance components and genetic parameters, and forthe prediction of genetic merit of animals. These models can only be used when some specific assumptions areprovided such as normality and constant of variances. However, if these assumptions are not provided, the datashould be transformed and the statistical analysis is carried out with the transformed data. Generalized linearmixed-effect models (GLMM) provide a solution for this problem by satisfying normality assumptions withouttransformation. This allows differences among animals to be assessed properly using the data most appropriateto the researcher's theoretical context. The aim of this study is to estimate variance components, geneticparameter of birth weight (BW), weaning weight (WW) which have economic values in animal breeding withLMM_t (with transformed data), LMM_ut (with untransformed data) and GLMM based on Bayesian approach.The present study also intended to compare the both models and the estimated parameters values obtained withLMM_t and GLMM. The data is obtained from BW and WW of 4972 Awassi lambs were born between theyears of 2012-2016. As a result, GLMM is the most suitable model for BW and WW according to DIC values.Although estimation of BW heritabilities does not change in all models, there are significant differences inestimation of WW heritabilities.Öğe Genomic Prediction Accuracies for Growth and Carcass Traits in a Brangus Heifer Population(MDPI, 2023) Peters, Sunday O.; Kızılkaya, Kadir; Sinecen, Mahmut; Mestav, Burcu; Thiruvenkadan, Aranganoor K.; Thomas, Milton G.The predictive abilities and accuracies of genomic best linear unbiased prediction (GBLUP) and the Bayesian (BayesA, BayesB, BayesC and Lasso) genomic selection (GS) methods for economically important growth (birth, weaning, and yearling weights) and carcass (depth of rib fat, apercent intramuscular fat and longissimus muscle area) traits were characterized by estimating the linkage disequilibrium (LD) structure in Brangus heifers using single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) markers. Sharp declines in LD were observed as distance among SNP markers increased. The application of the GBLUP and the Bayesian methods to obtain the GEBV for growth and carcass traits within k-means and random clusters showed that k-means and random clustering had quite similar heritability estimates, but the Bayesian methods resulted in the lower estimates of heritability between 0.06 and 0.21 for growth and carcass traits compared with those between 0.21 and 0.35 from the GBLUP methodologies. Although the prediction ability of the GBLUP and the Bayesian methods were quite similar for growth and carcass traits, the Bayesian methods overestimated the accuracies of GEBV because of the lower estimates of heritability of growth and carcass traits. However, GBLUP resulted in accuracy of GEBV for growth and carcass traits that parallels previous reports.Öğe How does a reservoir affect the fish assemblage structure in a Mediterranean River (Turkey)?(Wiley, 2022) Yalçın Özdilek, Şükran; Partal, Nurbanu; Mestav, BurcuMost rivers around the Mediterranean region, regardless of size, are interrupted by human induced barriers. Although various studies have been conducted to investigate the impacts of reservoirs on undisrupted freshwater biota, what kind of effects they exert on the distribution of freshwater fish assemblages with respect to the presence of invasive species remains to be answered. To attend to this research need, the Karamenderes River, which is disrupted by the Bayramic Reservoir, was selected as the research site. Relying on the river continuum concept (RCC), we hypothesized that fish assemblages in a given river would demonstrate a gradual downstream change unless the river is interrupted by any reservoir. The ad hoc unweighted pair group method with arithmetic means (UPGMA) agglomerative hierarchical cluster analyses revealed 11 fish assemblages 100 km down the studied river, which is characterized by four environmental gradients. Besides, co-occurrence network analyses were performed to gain a better understanding of the constructs of the observed fish assemblages. The analyses yielded two distinct clusters along the river and showed that the Bayramic Reservoir had no decisive part in the spatial clustering of these fish assemblages. The migratory species Anguilla anguilla was found only in and around the river mouth area. The co-occurrence network analyses indicated that the freshwater, estuarine and introduced species were observable in distinct groups. It is notable that the non-native Cyprinus carpio and invasive Carassius gibelio were determined in the native freshwater fish species module. The research evidenced that the reservoir had a triple effect, that is, a migration barrier to migratory fish species, a donor facilitating invasion, and a cause of homogenization of river fish assemblages along the river. The results suggest that the impact of the reservoir should be assessed in view of multiple nested model and fish passageways and controlling invasive species are two contradictory problems as far as the impacts of reservoirs are concerned. Therefore, river management should be performed in a way to allow the native migratory species to migrate freely while preventing the introduced species from moving upstream or downstream to preserve and promote rivers' heterogeneity.Öğe Mother- Hatchling Isotopic Relationship in Green Turtle: Isotopic Niche-based Modelling(Biodiversity Research Center, Acad Sinica, 2024) Yalçın Özdilek, Şükran; Sonmez, Bektas; Mestav, BurcuThe isotopic discrimination between a mother and her hatchlings has been modelled in various vertebrates, including sea turtles. In addition to the linear relation between s13C and s15N isotope values of the mother - hatchling couple, there is missing data on the combined effects of both isotopes, which represent ecological niches of a species. The stable s13C and s15N isotope signatures of live hatchlings and their mother's epidermis tissues were used in green turtles. The samples were taken from three main breeding beaches, Akyatan, Sug & ouml;z & uuml; and Samanda & gbreve; in T & uuml;rkiye during the 2020 nesting season. s15N and s13C values of hatchlings were not significantly different from those of mothers. Significant relationships were found between hatchlings and their mothers in terms of s13C value. Furthermore, when the hatchling isotopic niche size is known, the condition probabilities of estimating the mother's isotopic niche size were 85.16% and 92.88% with the 0.95 and 0.99 alpha levels. In addition to showing a linear relationship between hatchlings and their mother's single isotopic composition, the current study offers a novel insight that proposes a niche overlap concept using two isotopes to comprehend the mother-hatchling relationship of green turtles living in the eastern Mediterranean.Öğe Mother-Hatchling Isotopic Relationship in Green Turtle: Isotopic Niche-based Modelling(Biodiversity Research Center Academia Sinica, 2024) Yalçın Özdilek, Şükran; Sönmez, Bektaş; Mestav, BurcuThe isotopic discrimination between the mother and the hatchlings has been modelled in various vertebrates, including sea turtles. In addition to the linear relation between ?13C and ?15 N isotope values of the mother – hatchling couple, there is missing data on the combined effects of both isotopes, which represent ecological niches of a species. The stable ?13 C and ?15 N isotope signatures of live hatchlings and their mother’s epidermis tissues were used in green turtles. The samples were taken from three main breeding beaches, Akyatan, Sugözü and Samandağ in Türkiye during the 2020 nesting season. It was found that both ?15 N and ?13 C values of hatchlings were not significantly different from those of mothers. Significant relationships were found between hatchlings and their mothers in terms of ?13 C value. Furthermore, when the hatchling isotopic niche size is known, the condition probability of estimating the mother isotopic niche size were 85.16% and 92.88% with the 0.95 and 0.99 alpha levels. In addition to showing a linear relationship between hatchlings and their mother's single isotopic composition, the current study offers a novel insight that proposes a niche overlap concept using two isotopes to comprehend the mother-hatchling relationship of green turtles living in the eastern Mediterranean. © 2024, Biodiversity Research Center Academia Sinica. All rights reserved.Öğe Robust Logistic Modelling for Datasets with Unusual Points(2021) Tekin, Kumru Urgancı; Mestav, Burcu; İyit, NeslihanUnusual Points (UPs) occur for different reasons, such as an observational error or the\rpresence of a phenomenon with unknown cause. Influential Points (IPs), one of the UPs, have a\rnegative effect on parameter estimation in the Logistic Regression model. Many researchers in fisheries\rsciences face this problem and have recourse to some manipulations to overcome this problem. The\rlimitations of these manipulations have prompted researchers to use more suitable and innovative\restimation techniques to deal with the problem. In this study, we examine the classification accuracies\rand parameter estimation performances of the Maximum Likelihood (ML) estimator and robust\restimators through modified real datasets and simulation experiments. Besides, we discuss the potential\rapplicability of the assessed robust estimators to the estimation models when the IPs are kept in the\rdataset. The obtained results show that the Weighted Maximum Likelihood (WML) and Weighted\rBianco-Yohai (WBY) estimators of robust estimators outperform the others.Öğe Türkiye Sıcaklık ve Yağış İndislerindeki Ekstremlerin İncelenmesi(2016) Deniz, Zahide Acar; Gönençgil, Barbaros; Mestav, BurcuGünümüzde dogal afetlerin frekansı ve siddetindeki artıslar iklim degisikliginin bir göstergesi olarak kabul edilir. Bu baglamda, kara ve deniz yüzeyi sıcaklıklarındaki artıslar ile yagıs degisimleri (azalma ve artıs), ekstrem olayların artması, iklim degisikliginin siddetini gösteren en önemli kanıtlardandır. Süphesiz ki iklimsel degiskenlik ya da degisiklik her alanda aynı etkiyi göstermemektedir. Bazı alanların yasanabilecek degisikliklere karsı hassasiyeti de farklı olacaktır. Dünya Meteoroloji Teskilatı (WMO) ve Uluslararası Iklim Degisikligi Paneli (IPCC) raporlarına göre, Akdeniz havzası iklim degisikliginden en çok etkilenecek olan alanlar içinde yeralır. Akdeniz iklimi, yagısının büyük bir bölümünü kısın alan, buna karsılık yaz aylarının kurak geçtigi bir karaktere sahiptir. Özellikle, Akdeniz iklim bölgesinde yaz aylarında sıcak ve kurak dönemler egemendir. Türkiye, kuzeyde ?batı rüzgarları sistemi?nin etkisinde bulunan Orta ve Batı Avrupa?nın her mevsim yagıslı ılıman iklimi ile Dogu Avrupa?nın karasal iklimi ve güneyde ?subtropikal yüksek basınç rejimi?nin etkisinde bulunan her mevsimi kurak ve tropikal iklim arasında bir geçis kusagı üzerinde bulunur. Türkiye?nin büyük bölümü Akdeniz yagıs rejimi bölgesinde yeralır. Bu nedenle de hem kıs hem de yaz mevsiminde sıcaklık ve yagısların alansal dagılıs özellikleri bakımından ekstrem olaylar sık sık yasanmaktadır. Türkiye hava sıcaklıklarında artıs (özellikle gece sıcaklıkları) ve yagıslarında ise 1990?lardan itibaren etkili olan azalma dikkat çekicidir. Bununla beraber kurak geçen yıllarda artıs ve bazı alanlarının çöllesmeye karsı olan hassasiyeti oldukça yüksektir. Özellikle son zamanlarda daha sık yasanan sıcak-soguk hava dalgaları, siddetli yaz kuraklıkları sosyo-ekonomik açıdan önemli problemlere neden olacak düzeydedir. Projenin amacı, Türkiye?nin yaz ve kıs mevsimlerindeki sıcaklık ve yagısların alansal ve zamansal dagılıs desenlerini anlamak, ekstrem sıcaklık ve yagıs olaylarını belirlemek ve ekstrem olayların bölgesel özelliklerini incelemektir.Öğe Üniversite Çalışanlarının İş Sağlığı ve Güvenliği Eğitimi Konusundaki Bilinç Düzeylerinin Araştırılması(2019) Yenisarı, Betül; Mestav, Burcu; Öztürk, Ömer Farukİş Sağlığı ve Güvenliği (İSG), çeşitli endüstri ve faaliyetlere özgü olarak tıp, psikoloji, eğitim,toksikoloji, ergonomi, fizik, kimya, ekonomi, hukuk, teknoloji gibi bilimsel alanlarla ilgilikonulara temas eden geniş kapsamlı ve çok disiplinli bir kavramdır. İSG, bu çok çeşitlialanlarla ilgili ve ilişkili olmasının yanı sıra, bazı temel ilkelere sahiptir. Bu ilkelerden enönemlisi, her çalışanın İSG haklarına sahip olması ve bu hakların güvence altına alınmasıgerekliliğidir. Diğer önemli ilke ise işyerinde sağlık ve güvenliğin tesisi için çalışanın,işverenin ve devletin birtakım sorumlulukları ve yükümlülüklerinin olmasıdır. Hak vesorumlulukların tam olarak yerine getirilmesi için öncelikle bu konuda bilgi sahibi olmak,dolayısıyla eğitim ve öğretim almak gerekmektedir. Bu araştırma çalışmasında, çalışanlarınİSG eğitimi konusundaki bilinç düzeylerini belirlemek amacıyla betimsel bir alan çalışmasıyapılmıştır. Çalışmada nicel araştırma tekniklerinden kaynak tarama ve anket yöntemlerikullanılmıştır. Anket, Çanakkale Onsekiz Mart Üniversitesi’nin farklı birimlerinde görevyapan akademik ve idari personel ile yüz yüze görüşülerek gerçekleştirilmiştir. Katılımcılarınanket formlarına verdikleri cevaplar Cronbach Alpha testi kullanılarak güven analizine tabitutulmuştur. Çalışma sonucunda, çalışanların farklı demografik (cinsiyet, bölüm, medenidurum, unvan gibi) özelliklerine göre İSG konusundaki bilgi düzeyleri ve farkındalıklarıtablolar halinde gösterilmiştir.
