Yazar "Karav, Sercan" seçeneğine göre listele
Listeleniyor 1 - 20 / 94
Sayfa Başına Sonuç
Sıralama seçenekleri
Öğe A Comprehensive Review of Nanoparticles: From Classification to Application and Toxicity(Mdpi, 2024) Eker, Furkan; Duman, Hatice; Akdaşcı, Emir; Bolat, Ecem; Sarıtaş, Sümeyye; Karav, Sercan; Witkowska, Anna MariaNanoparticles are structures that possess unique properties with high surface area-to-volume ratio. Their small size, up to 100 nm, and potential for surface modifications have enabled their use in a wide range of applications. Various factors influence the properties and applications of NPs, including the synthesis method and physical attributes such as size and shape. Additionally, the materials used in the synthesis of NPs are primary determinants of their application. Based on the chosen material, NPs are generally classified into three categories: organic, inorganic, and carbon-based. These categories include a variety of materials, such as proteins, polymers, metal ions, lipids and derivatives, magnetic minerals, and so on. Each material possesses unique attributes that influence the activity and application of the NPs. Consequently, certain NPs are typically used in particular areas because they possess higher efficiency along with tenable toxicity. Therefore, the classification and the base material in the NP synthesis hold significant importance in both NP research and application. In this paper, we discuss these classifications, exemplify most of the major materials, and categorize them according to their preferred area of application. This review provides an overall review of the materials, including their application, and toxicity.Öğe A novel approach to glioblastoma multiforme treatment using modulation of key pathways by naturally occurring small molecules(Springer Basel Ag, 2025) Afshari, Amir R.; Sanati, Mehdi; Aminyavari, Samaneh; Keshavarzi, Zakieh; Ahmadi, Seyed Sajad; Oroojalian, Fatemeh; Karav, SercanGlioblastoma multiforme (GBM), the fatal primary brain malignancy in adults, represents significant health challenges, and its eradication has been the ultimate goal of numerous medical investigations. GBM therapy encompasses various interventions, e.g., chemotherapy by synthetic cytotoxic agents like temozolomide (TMZ), radiotherapy, and, more recently, immunotherapy. A notable focus has been on incorporating naturally occurring substances in treating malignancies. Polyphenols and terpenoids, widely present in fruits and vegetables, constitute primary categories of agents employed for this purpose. They pose direct and indirect impacts on tumor growth and chemoresistance, mainly through impacting the phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K)/Akt/mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) signaling, crucial in cellular processes, metabolism, and programmed death. This paper thoroughly discusses the biologic effects and practical application of polyphenols and terpenoids on GBM through the PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling in vitro and in vivo.Öğe A Review on Biosensors for Quantification of MCP-1 as a Potential Biomarker in Diseases(Wiley, 2025) Bahaabadi, Zahra Jamalizadeh; Javid-Naderi, Mohammad Javad; Kesharwani, Prashant; Karav, Sercan; Sahebkar, AmirhosseinMonocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1) as a chemokine is essential for inflammation-related processes. It regulates immunological responses and cell migration, which contribute to inflammation. Many disorders are exacerbated by this chemokine, which attracts or grows other inflammatory cells, including monocytes/macrophages, at the site of infection or tissue injury. The elevated concentrations of MCP-1 are associated with the pathogenesis of many diseases, such as cancer, cardiovascular disease, kidney disease, and neuroinflammatory disease. Therefore, monitoring this inflammatory biomarker in the body has been recommended and strongly advised to make an accurate diagnosis and prognosis. Although MCP-1 is of great importance in disease processes, few biosensing approaches are specifically designed to detect this molecule. These are often electrochemical and optical techniques. Rapid and accurate diagnosis of inflammatory diseases by identifying biomarkers has had a great effect on the advancement of biosensors. Improved biosensor technology expansion prevents excessive prices and low sensitivity, enabling quick and correct diagnosis and tracking of disease processes. This review will concentrate on the biological functions of MCP-1, its significance in different disorders, and the features and applications of biosensors designed for MCP-1 detection and quantification.Öğe Advances in Apolipoprotein-A4 Biosensing Assays for Depression Diagnosis(Taylor & Francis Inc, 2025) Bahaabadi, Zahra Jamalizadeh; Karav, Sercan; Sahebkar, AmirhosseinApolipoprotein-A4 (Apo-A4) is a plasma protein that plays a role in various physiological and behavioral-emotional reactions when faced with stress. Studies have shown a close relationship between Apo-A4 and the onset of depression and its symptoms. However, there is currently no reliable laboratory approach to confirm the diagnosis of depression. Therefore, the development of a precise and effective technique to assess Apo-A4 might help in the early detection and screening of depression and other related psychiatric diseases, as well as in tracking and managing the course of treatment. As technology advances, biosensors have become quick, accurate, and sensitive tools for personal care and illness diagnosis. Biosensors for measuring and detecting Apo-A4 levels have recently been designed. These studies emphasized the development of accurate and sensitive diagnostic and measurement techniques. This review attempts to give a general overview of the role of Apo-A4 in depression and introduce established biosensors for its detection and measurement.Öğe Antimicrobial Properties of Colostrum and Milk(Mdpi, 2024) Eker, Furkan; Akdaşcı, Emir; Duman, Hatice; Yalçıntaş, Yalçın Mert; Canbolat, Ahmet Alperen; Kalkan, Arda Erkan; Karav, SercanThe growing number of antibiotic resistance genes is putting a strain on the ecosystem and harming human health. In addition, consumers have developed a cautious attitude towards chemical preservatives. Colostrum and milk are excellent sources of antibacterial components that help to strengthen the immunity of the offspring and accelerate the maturation of the immune system. It is possible to study these important defenses of milk and colostrum, such as lactoferrin, lysozyme, immunoglobulins, oligosaccharides, etc., as biotherapeutic agents for the prevention and treatment of numerous infections caused by microbes. Each of these components has different mechanisms and interactions in various places. The compound's mechanisms of action determine where the antibacterial activity appears. The activation of the antibacterial activity of milk and colostrum compounds can start in the infant's mouth during lactation and continue in the gastrointestinal regions. These antibacterial properties possess potential for therapeutic uses. In order to discover new perspectives and methods for the treatment of bacterial infections, additional investigations of the mechanisms of action and potential complexes are required.Öğe Application of a novel endo-?-N-acetylglucosaminidase to isolate an entirely new class of bioactive compounds: N-glycans(Elsevier, 2018) Karav, SercanMilk contains all essential nutrients such as proteins, lipids, carbohydrates, and minerals that help the development and growth of infants. In addition to these well-known compounds, milk also contains other structures that have not been fully characterized such as glycans. Glycans are important carbohydrate moieties attached to proteins and their synthesis takes place in the mammalian epithelial cells of animals. Although glycans are a small portion of the total dry mass of milk, there is a growing interest in these compounds because of their protective, stabilizing, and barrier functions. Further investigations of glycans are limited because of the lack of deglycosylation methods on a large scale and high-efficiency glycan release. Of the currently available methods, the enzymatic and chemical-based methods do not provide high-quality glycan release. They mostly cause the total destruction of released glycans and the remaining polypeptide structure. Recently, a novel N-glycosidase (EndoBI-1) that removes the N, N’-diacetyl chitobiose moiety from the N-glycan core of various glycoproteins has been isolated from the Bifidobacterium longum subsp. infantis ATCC 15697. © 2019 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.Öğe Application of industrial treatments to donor human milk: influence of pasteurization treatments, storage temperature, and time on human milk gangliosides(Springernature, 2018) Salcedo, Jaime; Karav, Sercan; Le Parc, Annabelle; Cohen, Joshua L.; de Moura Bell, Juliana M. L. N.; Sun, Adam; Lange, Matthew C.Donor milk is the best option when mother's own milk is unavailable. Heat treatments are applied to ensure donor milk safety. The effects of heat treatments on milk gangliosides-bioactive compounds with beneficial antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, and prebiotic roles-have not been studied. The most abundant gangliosides in non-homogenized human milk were characterized and quantified by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS)/MS before and after pasteurization treatments mimicking industrial conditions (63 degrees C/30 min, 72 degrees C/15 s, 127 degrees C/5 s, and 140 degrees C/6 s). Ganglioside stability over a 3-month period was assessed following the storage at 4 and 23 degrees C. Independent of the heat treatment applied, gangliosides were stable after 3 months of storage at 4 or 23 degrees C, with only minor variations in individual ganglioside structures. These findings will help to define the ideal processing and storage conditions for donor milk to maximize the preservation of the structure of bioactive compounds to enhance the health of fragile newborns. Moreover, these results highlight the need for, and provide a basis for, a standardized language enabling biological and food companies, regulatory agencies, and other food stakeholders to both annotate and compute the ways in which production, processing, and storage conditions alter or maintain the nutritive, bioactive, and organoleptic properties of ingredients and foods, as well as the qualitative effects these foods and ingredients may have on conferring phenotype in the consuming organism. Donor milk treatment: key nutrients preserved after pasteurization Donor human milk, the best alternative to mother's own milk, usually needs to be pasteurized before use out of safety concerns. Daniela Barile at University of California Davis, USA, and colleagues studied the effects of heat treatment and storage temperature and time on milk gangliosides, a class of sugar-derived compounds important for neural and brain development of newborns, among other bioactivities. They found that, while there were minor structural changes during mimicked industrial pasteurization processes, gangliosides remain stable for at least three months either in the refrigerator or at room temperature. These results may help standardize the processing protocols and storage conditions for donor milk, and the methods can be extended to other bioactive components.Öğe BCM-7: Opioid-like Peptide with Potential Role in Disease Mechanisms(Mdpi, 2024) Bolat, Ecem; Eker, Furkan; Yılmaz, Selin; Karav, Sercan; Öz, Emel; Brennan, Charles; Proestos, CharalamposBovine milk is an essential supplement due to its rich energy- and nutrient-rich qualities. Caseins constitute the vast majority of the proteins in milk. Among these, beta-casein comprises around 37% of all caseins, and it is an important type of casein with several different variants. The A1 and A2 variants of beta-casein are the most researched genotypes due to the changes in their composition. It is accepted that the A2 variant is ancestral, while a point mutation in the 67th amino acid created the A1 variant. The digestion derived of both A1 and A2 milk is BCM-7. Digestion of A2 milk in the human intestine also forms BCM-9 peptide molecule. The opioid-like characteristics of BCM-7 are highlighted for their potential triggering effect on several diseases. Most research has been focused on gastrointestinal-related diseases; however other metabolic and nervous system-based diseases are also potentially triggered. By manipulating the mechanisms of these diseases, BCM-7 can induce certain situations, such as conformational changes, reduction in protein activity, and the creation of undesired activity in the biological system. Furthermore, the genotype of casein can also play a role in bone health, such as altering fracture rates, and calcium contents can change the characteristics of dietary products. The context between opioid molecules and BCM-7 points to a potential triggering mechanism for the central nervous system and other metabolic diseases discussed.Öğe Benefits of A2 Milk for Sports Nutrition, Health and Performance(Frontiers Media Sa, 2022) Kaplan, Merve; Baydemir, Baris; Gunar, Bilgetekin Burak; Arslan, Aysenur; Duman, Hatice; Karav, SercanBovine milk is one of the best pre-and pro-workout sources for athletes owing to its rich nutritional content. Even though bovine milk consumption significantly benefits athletes' health and performance, many athletes cannot consume bovine milk since they struggle with gastrointestinal problems caused after milk consumption. Especially, the consumption of regular milk, which contains A1 beta -casein, is associated with a variety of diseases ranging from gastrointestinal discomfort to ischemic heart diseases. The main reason behind this is related to beta -casomorphine 7 (BCM-7), which is derived from A1 beta -casein during the digestion of A1 milk. A1 beta -casein is formed as a result of a point mutation in the position of 67(th) in the amino acid sequence A2 beta -casein by changing proline to histidine. Therefore, this mutated form of beta -casein in regular milk cannot easily be digested by the human-associated digestion enzymes. A2 milk, which includes A2 beta -casein instead of A1 beta -casein, is the best substitute for regular milk with the same nutritional content. This natural form of milk positively affects the athlete's health as well as performance without causing any gastrointestinal discomfort or more serious problems which are seen in the consumption of regular milk. In this review, A2 milk and its potential health effects in comparison to diseases related to A1 milk consumption are discussed.Öğe Beyond the Gut: Unveiling Butyrate's Global Health Impact Through Gut Health and Dysbiosis-Related Conditions: A Narrative Review(MDPI, 2025) Kalkan, Arda Erkan; Binmowyna, Mona N.; Raposo, Antonio; Ahmad, Md Faruque; Ahmed, Faiyaz; Otayf, Abdullah Y.; Carrascosa, Conrado; Karav, SercanShort-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), mainly produced by gut microbiota through the fermentation process of dietary fibers and proteins, are crucial to human health, with butyrate, a famous four-carbon SCFA, standing out for its inevitably regulatory impact on both gut and immune functions. Within this narrative review, the vital physiological functions of SCFAs were examined, with emphasis on butyrate's role as an energy source for colonocytes and its ability to enhance the gut barrier while exhibiting anti-inflammatory effects. Knowledge of butyrate synthesis, primarily generated by Firmicutes bacteria, can be influenced by diets with specifically high contents of resistant starches and fiber. Butyrate can inhibit histone deacetylase, modulate gene expression, influence immune functionality, and regulate tight junction integrity, supporting the idea of its role in gut barrier preservation. Butyrate possesses systemic anti-inflammatory properties, particularly, its capacity to reduce pro-inflammatory cytokines and maintain immune homeostasis, highlighting its therapeutic potential in managing dysbiosis and inflammatory diseases. Although butyrate absorption into circulation is typically minimal, its broader health implications are substantial, especially regarding obesity and type 2 diabetes through its influence on metabolic regulation and inflammation. Furthermore, this narrative review thoroughly examines butyrate's growing recognition as a modulator of neurological health via its interaction with the gut-brain axis. Additionally, butyrate's neuroprotective effects are mediated through activation of specific G-protein-coupled receptors, such as FFAR3 and GPR109a, and inhibition of histone deacetylases (HDACs). Research indicates that butyrate can alleviate neurological disorders, including Alzheimer's, Parkinson's, autism spectrum disorder, and Huntington's disease, by reducing neuroinflammation, enhancing neurotransmitter modulation, and improving histone acetylation. This focus will help unlock its full therapeutic potential for metabolic and neurological health, rather than exclusively on its well-known benefits for gut health, as these are often interconnected.Öğe Beyond the Hayflick limit: How microbes influence cellular aging(Elsevier Ireland Ltd, 2025) Abavisani, Mohammad; Faraji, Saba; Ebadpour, Negar; Karav, Sercan; Sahebkar, AmirhosseinCellular senescence, a complex biological process resulting in permanent cell-cycle arrest, is central to aging and age-related diseases. A key concept in understanding cellular senescence is the Hayflick Limit, which refers to the limited capacity of normal human cells to divide, after which they become senescent. Senescent cells (SC) accumulate with age, releasing pro-inflammatory and tissue-remodeling factors collectively known as the senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP). The causes of senescence are multifaceted, including telomere attrition, oxidative stress, and genotoxic damage, and they extend to influences from microbial sources. Research increasingly emphasizes the role of the microbiome, especially gut microbiota (GM), in modulating host senescence processes. Beneficial microbial metabolites, such as short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), support host health by maintaining antioxidant defenses and reducing inflammation, potentially mitigating senescence onset. Conversely, pathogenic bacteria like Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Helicobacter pylori introduce factors that damage host DNA or increase ROS, accelerating senescence via pathways such as NF-?B and p53-p21. This review explores the impact of bacterial factors on cellular senescence, highlighting the role of specific bacterial toxins in promoting senescence. Additionally, it discusses how dysbiosis and the loss of beneficial microbial species further contribute to age-related cellular deterioration. Modulating the gut microbiome to delay cellular senescence opens a path toward targeted anti-aging strategies. This work underscores the need for deeper investigation into microbial influence on aging, supporting innovative interventions to manage and potentially reverse cellular senescence. © 2025 Elsevier B.V.Öğe Biofortified Whey/Deglycosylated Whey and Chickpea Protein Matrices: Functional Enrichment by Black Mulberry Polyphenols(Springer, 2022) Özleyen, Adem; Çınar, Zeynep Özlem; Karav, Sercan; Bayraktar, Ayşe; Arslan, Ayşenur; Kayılı, H. Mehmet; Salih, Bekir; Boyuneğmez Tümer, TuğbaMorus nigra L. (black mulberry-BM) is a promising nutraceutical fruit containing biologically active polyphenols like anthocyanins, proanthocyanidins, catechins, and stilbenes, with well-established anti-inflammatory, antidiabetic, anti-obesity, and anticancer biofunctions. However, these health-promoting properties in raw fruit are greatly masked due to the presence of soluble and insoluble carbohydrates in excess amounts restricting daily intake of the required dose to achieve targeted effects. In the current study, different protein sources (defatted whey and chickpea flours) were optimized through different conditions to capture polyphenols from BM juice while diminishing its glucose content. To optimize polyphenol-protein interactions, various pHs (3.7, 4.2, and 4.7), matrix concentrations (20, 50, and 80 g protein/L), and incubation times (5, 20, and 45 min) were tested. In the present work, optimized BM polyphenol enriched whey matrix inhibited pro-inflammatory mediators and promoted Nrf-2 dependent cytoprotective enzyme expressions in lipopolysaccharide (LPS) induced macrophages at low doses. In addition, whey proteins were also subjected to an enzymatic deglycosylation process by using recently identified EndoBI-1 enzyme for the specific cleavage of N-glycan core in all glycan types including high mannoses, hybrids as well as complex glycans found on defatted whey proteins. After this process, the polyphenol sorption capacity of deglycosylated whey proteins was found to be significantly higher (37%) than the capacity of non-treated normal whey protein under optimized conditions. In conclusion, deglycosylation of protein matrices could be a novel strategy for efficient sorption/concentration of polyphenols from fruits and vegetables, however, more detailed studies are needed to understand this effect.Öğe Biological and Nutritional Applications of Microalgae(Mdpi, 2025) Sarıtaş, Sümeyye; Kalkan, Arda Erkan; Yılmaz, Kadir; Gürdal, Savaş; Göksan, Tolga; Witkowska, Anna Maria; Lombardo, Mauro; Karav, SercanMicroalgae are photosynthetic microorganisms that have a rapid growth cycle and carbon fixation ability. They have diverse cellular structures, ranging from prokaryotic cyanobacteria to more complex eukaryotic forms, which enable them to thrive in a variety of environments and support biomass production. They utilize both photosynthesis and heterotrophic pathways, indicating their ecological importance and potential for biotechnological applications. Reproducing primarily through asexual means, microalgae have complex cell cycles that are crucial for their growth and ability to adapt to changing conditions. Additionally, microalgae possess bioactive compounds that make them both nutritious and functional. Thanks to their content of proteins, lipids, carbohydrates, vitamins, and minerals, they play an important role in the development of functional food products, particularly by enhancing nutritional content and product quality. Furthermore, studies have demonstrated that algae and algal bioactive compounds support cardiovascular health, immune function, and gut health, especially in relation to obesity and other metabolic diseases. They also contribute to skin health and cognitive functions, including memory. This review article explores the biological, nutritional, and functional properties of microalgae based on the studies conducted.Öğe Bovine colostrum and its potential contributions for treatment and prevention of COVID-19(Frontiers Media Sa, 2023) Duman, Hatice; Karav, SercanBovine colostrum (BC) is the initial milk an animal produces after giving birth, particularly in the first few days. Numerous bioactive substances found in BC, including proteins, enzymes, growth factors, immunoglobulins, etc., are beneficial to human health. BC has a significant role to play as part of a healthy diet, with well-documented health and nutritional advantages for people. Therefore, the use of BC and its crucial derivatives in the development of functional food and pharmaceuticals for the prevention of several diseases such as gastrointestinal and respiratory system disorders is becoming increasingly popular around the world. A novel coronavirus severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) was identified as the cause of a cluster of pneumonia cases that is called Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) in China. After the first SARS-CoV-2 virus-related fatality was announced, the illness quickly spread throughout China and to other continents, causing a pandemic. Since then, numerous studies have been initiated to develop safe and efficient treatments. To prevent viral infection and potential lingering effects, it is important to investigate alternative treatments for COVID-19. Due to its effective bioactive profile and its immunomodulatory roles in biological processes, BC might be considered a promising approach to assist in combating people affected by the SARS-CoV-2 or prevention from the virus. BC has immunomodulatory effects because to its high concentration of bioactive components such as immunoglobulins, lactoferrin, cytokines, and growth factors, etc., which might help control immunological responses, potentially fostering a balanced immune response. Furthermore, its bioactive components have a potential cross-reactivity against SARS-CoV-2, aiding in virus neutralization and its comprehensive food profile also supplies important vitamins, minerals, and amino acids, fostering a healthy immune system. Hence, the possible contributions of BC to the management of COVID-19 were reviewed in this article based on the most recent research on the subject. Additionally, the key BC components that influence immune system modulation were evaluated. These components may serve as potential mediators or therapeutic advantages in COVID-19.Öğe Bovine Colostrum and Its Potential for Human Health and Nutrition(Frontiers Media S.A., 2021) Arslan, Ayşenur; Kaplan, Merve; Duman, Hatice; Bayraktar, Ayşe; Karav, Sercan; Ertürk, Melih; Henrick, Bethany M.; Frese, Steven A.Colostrum is the first milk produced post-partum by mammals and is compositionally distinct from mature milk. Bovine colostrum has a long history of consumption by humans, and there have been a number of studies investigating its potential for applications in human nutrition and health. Extensive characterization of the constituent fractions has identified a wealth of potentially bioactive molecules, their potential for shaping neonatal development, and the potential for their application beyond the neonatal period. Proteins, fats, glycans, minerals, and vitamins are abundant in colostrum, and advances in dairy processing technologies have enabled the advancement of bovine colostrum from relative limitations of a fresh and unprocessed food to a variety of potential applications. In these forms, clinical studies have examined bovine colostrum as having the substantial potential to improve human health. This review discusses the macro-and micronutrient composition of colostrum as well as describing well-characterized bioactives found in bovine colostrum and their potential for human health. Current gaps in knowledge are also identified and future directions are considered in order to elevate the potential for bovine colostrum as a component of a healthy diet for a variety of relevant human populations.Öğe Bovine Colostrum in Pediatric Nutrition and Health(Mdpi, 2024) Canbolat, Ahmet Alperen; Lombardo, Mauro; Mondragon, Alicia del Carmen; Lopez, Jose Manuel Miranda; Bechelany, Mikhael; Karav, SercanBovine colostrum (BC), the first milk secreted by mammals after birth, is a trending alternative source for supplementing infants and children, offering benefits for gut and immune health. Its rich components, such as proteins, immunoglobulins, lactoferrin, and glycans, are used to fortify diets and support development. Preterm development is crucial, especially in the maturation of essential systems, and from 2010 to 2020, approximately 15% of all premature births occurred at less than 32 weeks of gestation worldwide. This review explores the composition, benefits, and effects of BC on general infants and children, along with preterm infants who require special care, and highlights its role in growth and development. BC is also associated with specific pediatric diseases, including necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC), infectious diarrhea, inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), short-bowel syndrome (SBS), neonatal sepsis, gastrointestinal and respiratory infections, and some minor conditions. This review also discusses the clinical trials regarding these specific conditions which are occasionally encountered in preterm infants. The anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, immunomodulatory, and antiviral properties of BC are discussed, emphasizing its mechanisms of action. Clinical trials, particularly in humans, provide evidence supporting the inclusion of BC in formulas and diets, although precise standards for age, feeding time, and amounts are needed to ensure safety and efficacy. However, potential adverse effects, such as allergic reactions to caseins and immunoglobulin E, must be considered. More comprehensive clinical trials are necessary to expand the evidence on BC in infant feeding, and glycans, important components of BC, should be further studied for their synergistic effects on pediatric diseases. Ultimately, BC shows promise for pediatric health and should be incorporated into nutritional supplements with caution.Öğe Characterization of recombinant human lactoferrin N-glycans expressed in the milk of transgenic cows(Public Library Science, 2017) Le Parc, Annabelle; Karav, Sercan; Rouquie, Camille; Maga, Elizabeth A.; Bunyatratchata, Apichaya; Barile, DanielaLactoferrin (LF) is one of the most abundant bioactive glycoproteins in human milk. Glycans attached through N-glycosidic bonds may contribute to Lactoferrin functional activities. In contrast, LF is present in trace amounts in bovine milk. Efforts to increase LF concentration in bovine milk led to alternative approaches using transgenic cows to express human lactoferrin (hLF). This study investigated and compared N-glycans in recombinant human lactoferrin (rhLF), bovine lactoferrin (bLF) and human lactoferrin by Nano-LC-Chip-Q-TOF Mass Spectrometry. The results revealed a high diversity of N-glycan structures, including fucosylated and sialylated complex glycans that may contribute additional bioactivities. rhLF, bLF and hLF had 23, 27 and 18 N-glycans respectively with 8 N-glycan in common overall. rhLF shared 16 N-glycan with bLF and 9 N-glycan with hLF while bLF shared 10 N-glycan with hLF. Based on the relative abundances of N-glycan types, rhLF and hLF appeared to contain mostly neutral complex/ hybrid N-glycans (81% and 52% of the total respectively) whereas bLF was characterized by high mannose glycans (65%). Interestingly, the majority of hLF N-glycans were fucosylated (88%), whereas bLF and rhLF had only 9% and 20% fucosylation, respectively. Overall, this study suggests that rhLF N-glycans share more similarities to bLF than hLF.Öğe Chitosan and Its Nanoparticles: A Multifaceted Approach to Antibacterial Applications(MDPI, 2025) Akdasçı, Emir; Duman, Hatice; Eker, Furkan; Bechelany, Mikhael; Karav, SercanChitosan, a multifaceted amino polysaccharide biopolymer derived from chitin, has extensive antibacterial efficacy against diverse pathogenic microorganisms, including both Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria, in addition to fungi. Over the course of the last several decades, chitosan nanoparticles (NPs), which are polymeric and bio-based, have garnered a great deal of interest as efficient antibacterial agents. This is mostly due to the fact that they are used in a wide variety of applications, including medical treatments, food, chemicals, and agricultural products. Within the context of the antibacterial mechanism of chitosan and chitosan NPs, we present a review that provides an overview of the synthesis methods, including novel procedures, and compiles the applications that have been developed in the field of biomedicine. These applications include wound healing, drug delivery, dental treatment, water purification, agriculture, and food preservation. In addition to this, we focus on the mechanisms of action and the factors that determine the antibacterial activity of chitosan and its derivatives. In conjunction with this line of inquiry, researchers are strongly urged to concentrate their efforts on developing novel and ground-breaking applications of chitosan NPs.Öğe Correction: Distinguishing Turkish pine honey from multi-foral honey through MALDI-MS-based N-glycomics and machine learning(Springer, 2024) Masri, Saad; Aksoy, Sena; Duman, Hatice; Karav, Sercan; Kayılı, Hacı Mehmet; Salih, Bekir[Anstract Not Available]Öğe Curcumin-based nanofibers: A promising approach for cancer therapy(Elsevier Gmbh, 2025) Rahiman, Niloufar; Kesharwani, Prashant; Karav, Sercan; Sahebkar, AmirhosseinNanofibers are among the promising platforms for efficient delivery of drugs (both hydrophilic and hydrophobic) through harnessing polymers with different natures as their base. Hydrophobic low-solubility agents such as curcumin could be incorporated in various types of electrospun nanofibers for different aims in drug delivery, such as enhancing its solubility, making this agent sustained release with improved pharmacological efficacy. Through using this nanoplatform, curcumin may become more bioavailable and more efficcious in the field of cancer therapy as well as tissue engineering and wound healing for local delivery of this anti-inflammatory and antioxidant agent. In this review, the characteristics of curcumin-loaded nanofibers, their targeting potential or stimuli-responsiveness accompanied with therapeutic anti-cancerous applications of them (mostly in local application) are securitized. These nanofibers follow the aim of enhancing curcumin's therapeutic effectiveness and release profile. We laso elaborate on the mechanisms of action through which curcumin exerts its effect on various cancerous cells after its incorporation in various types of nanofibers which have been prepared by exploiting different polymers.
