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Öğe A sustainable festival management model: the case of International Troia festival(Emerald Group Publishing Ltd, 2014) Duran, Erol; Hamarat, Bahattin; Ozkul, EmrahPurpose - The purpose of this study is to propose a sustainable festival management model (SFMM) drawing on data from the International Troia Festival, Eanakkale, Turkey. Design/methodology/approach - Three research techniques were used in the study. Survey data examined six motivational dimensions whose importance were tested using the logistic regression analysis. In-depth in(t)erviews and observations were analyzed using content analysis. The study sample comprised festival event attendees, members of public and private businesses and NGOs. Findings - The field research indicated that, culture is the main factor, which motivates visitors to attend the festival and also the main theme of the festival that reflects the significant cultural heritage of the city. A SFMM is presented for the International Troia Festival, based on the results of the field research and literature. Research limitations/implications - The findings of this study solely of SFMM were identified during a Turkish festival. Originality/value - Future applications of SFMM both for generating development of local or international festivals in a sustainable way and for resolving general or regional environmental challenges on festival management are discussed. The model can be used to ensure the sustainability of the International Troia Festival and similar festivals.Öğe BEDEN EĞİTİMİ ÖĞRETMEN ADAYLARININ ZİHİNSEL ENGELLİ ÇOCUKLARA YÖNELİK TUTUMLARIYLA İLGİLİ BİR ÖLÇEK GELİŞTİRME ÇALIŞMASI(Süleyman Demirel Üniversitesi, 2020) Süngü, Büşra; Özer, Dilara; Hamarat, BahattinBu araştırmanın amacı, Beden Eğitimi ve Spor Öğretmenliği (BESÖ) bölümlerinde okumakta olan öğrencilerin, zihinsel engelli çocuklara (ZEÇ) yönelik tutumlarını belirlemek için bir tutum ölçeği geliştirmektir. Araştırmada “Betimsel Yöntem” kullanılmıştır. Araştırmaya dört farklı üniversitede Beden Eğitimi ve Spor Öğretmenliği (BESÖ) programına kayıtlı 563 öğrenci katılmıştır. Ölçeği geliştirmede ilk adım olarak, öncelikle ilköğretim okullarında görev yapan 15 Beden Eğitimi ve Spor Öğretmeni yapılan görüşme yöntemi ile elde edilen inanç ya da niyet ifadelerini kapsayan bir madde havuzu oluşturulmuştur. Maddeler gözden geçirildikten sonra beşli likert tipinde 14 olumlu 13 olumsuz olmak üzere 27 maddelik bir ölçek belirlenmiştir. Açıklayıcı faktör analizi sonucu 12 olumlu 9 olumsuz olmak üzere 21 maddelik “Zihinsel Engelli Çocuklara Yönelik Tutum Ölçeği”(ZEÇTÖ) elde edilmiştir. ZEÇTÖ’ nün beş faktörlü bir yapı sergilediği ve bu faktörlerin toplam varyansın % 62,5’ini açıkladığı sonucuna ulaşılmıştır. Ölçeğe İlişkin beş faktör, “Yararlar” (α=0,916), “Duygular” (α=0,711), “Destekler” (α=0,511), “Kabul” (α=0,667), “Korkular” (α=0,501) olarak adlandırılmıştır. Ölçeğin tümü için hesaplanan güvenirlik katsayısı 0,859 olarak bulunmuştur. Bu araştırma sonucunda geliştirilen “Zihinsel Engelli Çocuklara Yönelik Tutum Ölçeği”nin (ZEÇTÖ) geçerliği ve güvenirliği yüksek bir ölçek olduğu saptanmış ve araştırmacıların kullanımına sunulmuştur.Öğe Business Excellence and Organizational Commitment in Seasonal Hotels(2006) Gümüş, Murat; Hamarat, BahattinBu çalışma hizmet sunumunda sezonluk personelin sorun olduğu sezonluk otellerde örgütsel bağhlık ve iş mükemmelliği arasındaki önemli bağı belirlemeye çalışmaktadır. Kadrolu ve sezonluk yönetici ve çalışanların kendi firmalarına yönelik algısal farkları var sayılarak söz konusu grupların maliyet bazlı bağlılık düzeyleri ve iş mükemmellik algıları yüz yüze görüşme yoluyla araştırılmıştır. Gruplar arasındaki farklar t-testi, Varyans Analizi ve çoklu karşılaştırma testlerinden Tukey Honestly Significance Difference test (T-HSD) ile sınanmıştır. Gruplar arasındaki bağı netleştirmek ve bir harita oluşturmak için uyum analizi kullanılmıştır. Bulgular maliyet bazlı bağlılık açısından iş mükemmelliği algısının fark yarattığını, kadrolu personel ve yöneticilerin bağlılık düzeylerinin daha yüksek olduğunu göstermiştir. Sezonluk otellerin yöneticileri daha iyi başarı göstermek ve rakiplerine üstünlük sağlamak için tüm iş gücüne değer vermeli, tüm personeli dikkate almalı ve iş mükemmelliği yaratmalıdırlar.Öğe ÇEVRECİ SİVİL TOPLUM ÖRGÜTLERİNİN TÜRKİYE’DEKİ ZİNCİR OTEL İŞLETMELERİNİN ÇEVRE POLİTİKALARINA ETKİLERİ(2018) Çoban, Ömer; Gümüş, Murat; Hamarat, Bahattinİşletmelerin çevre politikası oluşturma sürecinde paydaşlarının görüş ve fikirleri önem taşımaktadır. Yaşanan gelişmelere bağlı olarak çevreci sivil toplum örgütleri işletmelerin önemli paydaşlarından biri haline gelmiş ve çevre uygulamaları ve çevre politikası üzerinde söz hakkına sahip olmaya başlamıştır. Bu örgütler ve konaklama işletmeleri arasındaki ilişki ve etkileşimin işletmelerin çevre politikası üzerindeki etkisinin ortaya konulması, çevre politikasını yeni oluşturacak işletmelere yön göstermek açısından önem taşımaktadır. Çalışmada çevreci sivil toplum örgütlerinin zincir otel işletmelerin çevre politikalarına etkileri araştırılmıştır. Veriler anket tekniği ile Türkiye'de faaliyet gösteren 156 zincir otel işletmesinin orta ve üst düzey yöneticilerinden yüz yüze görüşülerek toplanmıştır. Verilerin analizi için ordinal (sıralı) lojistik regresyon (OLOGREG) kullanılmış ve bu amaçla 4 adet model kurgulanmıştır. Araştırma sonucunda zincir otel işletmelerinin çevreci sivil toplum örgütleriyle kurdukları ilişki ve etkileşimin çevre politikası üzerinde rol oynadığı belirlenmiştirÖğe Development of a New Language Learning Motivation Scale for Medical Students*(2022) Demir, Bora; Hamarat, BahattinThis study aims to develop a scale determining the extrinsic, integrative, and intrinsic factors that motivate medical students learning English as a foreign language in an ESP context. Derived from Gardner and Lambert’s socio-educational model (1972) and Deci and Ryan’s self-determination theory (1985), the study is based on the motivational framework of Noels et al. (2000) which categorizes the three main motives as intrinsic, instrumental and integrative. With the participation of 320 medical students, a 14-item scale was developed with satisfactory internal consistency. Four different methods were used to create the motivation scale. First, a focus group interview was conducted with the participation of randomly selected medical students, and 22 items were determined as a result of the content analysis and were sent to five medical doctors for their opinions, and 6 items were removed from the pool upon their feedback. Next, the literature was reviewed and comparisons were made between existing scales. Finally, based on the opinions of 3 English for Specific Purposes (ESP) experts from the field, the concept of extrinsic motivation was used instead of instrumental motivation, and a 16-item fivepoint Likert type scale was decided. Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA) and Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA) statistical procedures were also utilized. Principal Components Factor Analysis (PCA) was applied to reveal the construct validity of the motivation scale, and Direct Oblimin with Kaiser Normalization method was applied as the rotation method. In order to calculate the adequacy of the sample, the Kaiser-Mayer-Olkin (KMO) coefficient was calculated. Finally, as a result of Bartlett sphericity tests to detect correlations between the items, it was determined that the norm values were provided for all statistical processes for the 3-factor structure explaining 64.62% of the total variance. Finally, this study presents a new data collection tool that is statistically valid and reliable to measure medical students’ motivational factors.Öğe DOES EMOTIONAL LABOUR BE A REASON OF ALIENATION? AN EXAMPLE OF TOURISM SECTOR WORKERS(Rating Academy, 2019) Kurt, Zeylan; Hamarat, Bahattin; Gümüş, MuratIn this research the relations between the dimensions of emotional labor and alienation (self-estrangement and alienation from the work) of employees in tourism firms were investigated. The data were obtained by questionnaire method. Structural Equation Modelling was conducted to search causal relationships between latent variables. The model was applied to the data obtained from 252 employees and statistically significant results were found. It was found that there is a significant relationship between the surface acting behaviors of workers and their alienations to work in tourism enterprises however, no significant relationship was found between the surface acting behaviors of workers and their self-estrangement. Similarly, a statistically significant relationship was found between the deep acting behaviors of workers and the alienations from the work, but no significant relationship was found between deep acting and self-estrangement of employeesÖğe Effects of internal and external covid-19 fear on the benefit of teleworking: an example from the Turkish finance sector(Rating Academy, 2021) Özen, Ercan; Hamarat, BahattinThe Covid-19 virus, which caused an epidemic at the beginning of 2020, caused fear all over the world and left deep impacts on economic and social life. In this study, the relationship between the level of Covid-19 fear and the level of benefit, employees perceive from tele working is examined and it is investigated whether the demographic factors of the employees make a difference on the perceived benefit. The data obtained from the online survey conducted with 458 finance sector employees were analyzed by the CHAID method. The findings indicate that the level of Covid-19 fear of financial sector employees is high, and the perceived benefit of teleworking has increased the Covid-19 fear. However, it is understood that the rate of those who think the benefit of teleworking is high, is not visibly significant compared to those who think the benefits of teleworking is low. It has been observed that the perceived benefit of teleworking differs according to demographic characteristics, and it has been understood that there is not enough support for the permanence of tele-working. The findings of the paper have some implications the financial sector, policy makers and academicsÖğe Exploring the Role of Well-Being, Mindfulness, Life Satisfaction, and Subjective Happiness in the Professional Development of Language Teachers(Wiley, 2025) Demir, Bora; Hamarat, Bahattin; Sonmez, GorsevAlthough there is a growing number of studies investigating the effect of professional development (PD) on the general well-being of teachers, the reverse relationship has not been explored yet. In this respect, this paper aims to investigate the relationship between mindfulness in teaching, psychological well-being, satisfaction in life, subjective happiness, and the PD of English language instructors teaching at schools of foreign languages in various Turkish universities. Based on structural equation modeling, this paper analyzed quantitative data from 173 English language teachers to discover the relationship between these variables. Two models were tested. The first model was designed with purpose in life as the extrinsic variable while the second model was centered on personal growth for psychological well-being. The analysis of data revealed a significant positive correlation between teachers' intrapersonal mindfulness and aspects of psychological well-being, including purpose in life and personal growth, as well as subjective happiness and life satisfaction. On the other hand, the study revealed no significant relationship between intrapersonal mindfulness and attitudes toward PD. These findings highlight that while mindfulness contributes positively to individual well-being, it may not have a direct impact on attitudes toward PD. Furthermore, the research underscores the role of psychological well-being and happiness in shaping teachers' perspectives on professional growth. These insights suggest the necessity for educational institutions and policymakers to focus on enhancing teachers' psychological health as a strategy for fostering their PD. These findings contribute significantly to the understanding of the complex relationship between psychological factors and PD, offering essential implications for future research and practical applications in the field of teacher education and development.Öğe Festival attendees' motivations: the case of International Troia Festival(Emerald Group Publishing Ltd, 2014) Duran, Erol; Hamarat, BahattinPurpose - The purpose of this paper is to investigate underlying motivational dimensions of visitors attending the International Troia Festival (ITF), Canakkale, Turkey. Design/methodology/approach - Surveys with 26 items on six motivational dimensions were empirically tested. Data were collected by a self-administered survey. The study sample comprised attendees of particular festival events which were suitable for survey practice in the ITF lasting for five days. The participants of the survey were the attendees of two theater shows, two conferences, and two folk dance shows. A total of 473 usable forms were obtained from the visitors and processed in the analysis. Findings - Significant differences and relations in motivational dimensions were found on the basis of visitors' socio-demographic origins. Female visitors are more likely to attend festival events with high motivation of family togetherness and cultural exploration. Also male visitors are more likely to attend the events with more motivation of event attraction and escape and excitement than family togetherness. Motivation of cultural exploration is also high for all socio-demographic groups of festival visitors. Thereby, cultural exploration and family togetherness are also highly important for attendees. The basic theme of the ITF was identified as a cultural festival which essentially motivates visitors to attend particularly for cultural exploration. Research limitations/implications - The findings of this paper solely reflect the motivational dimensions identified during a Turkish festival with a cultural lifestyle. Practical implications - The field research of the study demonstrates the application of methodology by event managers to gain better understanding into visitor motivation, satisfaction, behavioral intention, event organization, and event theme. Originality/value - The important theoretical contribution of the study is in the area of establishing a meaningful and empirical relation between motivation of festivals and cultural structure of community as part of the perceived socio-cultural impacts of festivals. This implies and empirically substantiates the common belief that festivals and events can be instrumental in enriching cultural life.Öğe Interrelation of Bitcoin and Some Traditional Assets(Alexandru Ioan Cuza Univ Iasi Fac Economics & Business Adm, 2022) Tufan, Ekrem; Hamarat, Bahattin; Yalvac, AykutIn the research, the causal relationships between Bitcoin, gold and oil prices were examined. The data of the research covers the period from 2015 to July 2020 and consists of daily price values. Augmented Dickey-Fuller Unit Root Test was used to see whether the stochastic process changes with time. Bitcoin and gold series do not contain a unit root since the oil series is stationary at the level while the difference is stationary. The reason why the series containing unit roots are not stationary is due to structural breaks or not, was investigated by Bai-Perron Unit Root Test with Multiple Structural Breaks. According to the test, it was determined that the Bitcoin series has one break and two regimes, while the gold series has two structural breaks and three different regimes. Whether the research series are cointegrated or not was investigated with the Gregory and Hansen test. The causality between the series was examined with the Toda-Yamamoto causality test, which is based on the VAR (Vector Autoregression) model and examines the causality in the series regardless of the unit root. A two-way causality relationship was determined between the eight lag-long Gold series and the Bitcoin series. In other cases, a causal relationship has not been established. As a result, we give an evidence that Bitcoin and gold prices series followed a parallel pattern while with oil not. Therefore, investors can add Bitcoin into their portfolios to make balance of the risk and return.Öğe Is the Turkish Tourism Sector Index Efficient?(2008) Hamarat, Bahattin; Tufan, EkremTurizm şirketlerinin hisse senetlerini alıp satan yatırımcılar , karar verirken sadece teknik analiz ve temel analizi değil, aynı zamanda Etkin Piyasalar Hipotezi (EPH) anlamında piyasa etkinliğini de göz önüne almalıdırlar. Etkin olmayan bir piyasada, yatırımcılar aktif alım satım stratejilerinden yararlanarak piyasa getirisi üzerinde getiri elde edebilirler. Literatürde EPH’ ne karşı, Haftanın Günleri Etkisi, Ocak Ayı Etkisi, Hava Durumu Etkisi gibi çok sayıda kanıt sunulmuştur. Bu yüzden, Haftanın Günleri Etkisi anomalisi finansta önemli bir yere sahiptir. Haftanın Günleri Etkisi anomalisini konu edinen araştırmacılar , bir yatırım döneminde Pazartesi günlerinin getirilerinin haftanın diğer günlerine göre daha düşük olduğu sonucu bulmuşlardır. Bu çalışma, Türk Turizm Sektör Endeksi’nin (TI), EPH bağlamında etkin olup, olmadığını araştırmaktadır. Özet olarak, ilgili dönemde Turizm Sektör Endeksi’nde haftanın günleri anomalisi gözlemlenirken, ay etkisi gözlenmemektedir. Çalışma, Türk Turizm Sektör Endeksi’nin zayıf tipte etkin olmadığı yönünde kanıt sunmaktadır.Öğe Mental accounting and sunk cost biases: A social experiment with a food and beverage experience(Emerald Publishing, 2024) Tufan, Ekrem; Aycan, Merve; Hamarat, BahattinIntroduction: When people need to take decisions, being economic decisions or otherwise, their decisions tend to rely on information the brain has already processed, and this includes the resources that the person has already invested. This is called sunk cost bias in the behavioural economics literature. On the other hand, mental practices could lead to the mental accounting bias, where people allocate a different value to a fixed amount of money, depending on circumstances. Purpose: In this chapter, both biases mental accounting and sunk cost are investigated for the tourism industry in Turkey. Methodology: The topic is researched through scenario-based questions and the Chi-square Automatic Interaction Detector (CHAID) method is applied. Findings: As a result, it could be reported that people, regardless of gender, fall into sunk cost and mental accounting biases in decisions relating to their vacations. Mental accounting biases can be primarily explained using the scenario questions posed rather than gender, education, and income while sunk cost bias is explained by status, 'being s university student' and 'income level'. Practical implications: Rapid price changes in the tourism industry can disturb consumers who are mental accounting and sunk cost biased. So, they can change their holiday preferences or be dissatisfied with it and give negative feedback. © 2024 by Ekrem Tufan, Merve Aycan and Bahattin Hamarat.Öğe Mesleki Sonuç Beklentisinin Sendikal Farkındalık Ve Sendikal Tutuma Olan Etkisi: İİBF Öğrencileri Üzerine Bir Araştırma(2021) Polat, Ebru Kanyılmaz; Şarman, Siyret Ayas; Hamarat, BahattinTürkiye, OECD ülkeleri arasında sendikalaşma oranı en düşük ülkeler arasında yer almaktadır. 2021 yılı Ocak ayında sendikalaşma oranı %14,40 olarak gerçekleşmiştir. Bu oran yaklaşık 14 milyon işçi arasında oldukça sınırlı kalmaktadır. Bireylerin sendikalara yönelik tutum ve farkındalığının sendikalaşma eğilimini belirleyen önemli faktörler olduğu bilinmektedir. Sendikaların işçi haklarını savunan, işçilerin çıkarlarını yükseltebilen örgütler olduğuna yönelik algı ve farkındalığı olan bireylerin sendikalara üye olma oranlarının daha yüksek olacağı düşünülmektedir. Diğer yandan bireysel pazarlık gücü artan nitelikli ve eğitimli işgücünün sendikalara daha az gereksinim duyduğu bilinmektedir. Bu çerçevede çalışmada kısa bir süre sonra işgücü piyasasına giriş yapması beklenen İktisadi ve İdari Bilimler Fakültesi (İİBF) dördüncü sınıf öğrencileri ile nicel bir araştırma gerçekleştirilmiştir. Araştırmada üniversite öğrencilerinin mesleki sonuç beklentisi ve sendikal farkındalıklarının sendikal tutuma etkisi Kısmi En Küçük Kareler Yapısal Eşitlik Modellemesi ile araştırılmıştır. Ayrıca öğrencilerin sendikal farkındalıklarının düzenleyici etkiye sahip olup olmadığı da incelenmiştir. Veriler anket tekniği ve kolayda örnekleme yöntemi ile elde edilmiştir. Analiz sonucunda öğrencilerin mesleki sonuç beklentisinin sendikal tutuma etkisi belirlenmez iken sendikal farkındalık artarken sendikal tutumun artığı tespit edilmiştir. Ayrıca mesleki sonuç beklentisinin sendikal farkındalık üzerinden sendikal tutumu dolaylı etkilediği belirlenmiştir. Araştırmada son olarak sendikal farkındalığın düzenleyici etkiye sahip olduğu sonucuna ulaşılmıştır.Öğe Niche overlap - competition and homogeneity in the organizational clusters of hotel population(2003) Kasımoğlu, Murat; Hamarat, BahattinCompetition and attempts to increase market share between organizations play an important role in business ecology. It has been determined that intensity in the institutions and death among organizations especially are of great importance. Intensity and homogeny among the organizational population are very important in the evolutionary process for them to create modern forms of institution. We have used parametric variables to collect a set of data in order to understand competition and niche among organization population. The study investigates how competition and niche affect the cluster of hotel population and their survivability. The founding of each hotel organization is differently constructed internally and different segments of the hotel population respond heterogeneously to the general process of competition. The findings show how niche and different segments of hotel population affect new organizational establishment and the evolutionary dynamics of modern organization structure, using the city center hotels of Canakkale in Turkey. © 2003, MCB UP LimitedÖğe OECD, AB VE G-10 ÜLKELERİNİN YAŞAM KALİTESİ GÖSTERGELERİNE GÖRE BENZERLİKLERİNİN BELİRLENMESİ: BULANIK KÜMELEME ANALİZİ(Süleyman Demirel Üniversitesi, 2020) Hamarat, Bahattin; Şahin, Özge Uysal; Kevşek, HakanG 10, Avrupa Birliği (AB) ve OECD gibi uluslararası entegrasyon ve işbirliğine yönelik örgütleri oluşturan ülkelerin genelde benzer sosyoekonomik ve politik özellikler gösterdikleri bilinmektedir. Araştırmanın amacı Daha İyi Yaşam Endeksi göstergelerinden hareketle aynı grubu oluşturan ülkelerin benzer özellikler gösterip göstermediklerini belirlemektir. Ülkelerin benzerlikleri, Bulanık (Fuzzy) Kümeleme Yöntemi ile belirlenmiştir. Kümeleme analizi sonucunda en uygun küme sayısı 2 ve 4 olarak belirlenmiştir. Küme sayısı iki olduğunda ilk kümede OECD, AB ve G 10 örgütlerinin her üçüne de üye olan ülkelerin yoğunlukta olduğu belirlenmiştir. Aynı zamanda, bu ülkelerin genellikle AB’nin gelişmiş ülkelerinin ve G 10 ülkelerinin üyelerinden oluştuğu sonucuna ulaşılmıştır. Küme sayısı dört olduğunda, ilk iki kümede her üç örgüte üye ülkelerle, geliştiği kabul edilen ülkeler yer almaktadır. Üçüncü kümede ise G 10 ülkesi bulunmamaktadır. Ayrıca, Amerika Birleşik Devletleri’nin yaşam endeksi göstergelerine göre tek başına bir küme oluşturduğu belirlenmiştir. Özetle, ABD diğer ülkelerden farklı refah özelliklerine sahiptirÖğe Organizational and occupational identification Relations to teacher satisfaction and intention to early retirement(Emerald Group Publishing Ltd, 2012) Gumus, Murat; Hamarat, Bahattin; Colak, Ertugrul; Duran, ErolPurpose - This paper aims to explore the effects of two work related identification (occupational and organizational) of school teachers on intention to early retirement (withdrawal) and satisfaction with the occupation and satisfaction with the school. It also seeks the influence of perceived external prestige on withdrawal and satisfaction. Design/methodology/approach - An empirical study was carried out at public schools in Canakkale, Turkey. Data collected from 238 teachers were analyzed. The correlations between identification and organizational prestige, desire for early retirement, and overall satisfaction of teachers were tested with several demographic variables such as age, gender, tenure and union membership. Ordinal logistic regression analysis (OLR) was conducted to reveal probabilistic behavior of response variables on the basis of explanatory variables. Findings - The results show that both categories of identification have reverse effect on intention to early retirement, and both categories have positive effect on job satisfaction. Perceived external prestige has no effect on intention to early retirement and job satisfaction, but it increases satisfaction from the school. Finally, the self and the occupation were found salient categories for teachers' identification. Originality/value - Identification literature has long been concentrated on organizational level identification. This paper explores the influence of both organizational and occupational categories of identification, comparatively. Being a teacher is seen as a prestigious occupation in Turkey. Findings about identity as a teacher also confirmed that self and occupation are two main identity references in the Turkish setting.Öğe Research into socioeconomic characteristics of the population in squatter areas on the slopes of Mt. Uludag (Bursa-Turkey)(Elsevier Science Bv, 2011) Caliskan, Vedat; Hamarat, BahattinParticularly since the 1950s, Bursa underwent rapid urbanization due to immigration from the Balkans and various settlements in Turkey attracted by intensive industrial activities in the city. This resulted in the growth of squatter areas in some parts of the city. The belt of squatter housing addressed in this study surrounds the city along the slopes of Mount Uludag in the south and is located within and/or around the borders of approximately 10 neighborhoods. The area concerned lies on a line approximately 20 kilometers long from west to east. The neighborhoods in this area constitute the population of the research. By selected sampling, it was aimed to determine the qualities and socioeconomic characteristics of the population living in various squatter areas to the east and west of the city. Furthermore, the rural and urban origins of the population, and the population's relationship with the country and the city, were evaluated on a neighborhood scale. In addition, the study determined factors that hindered the integration of the population in the sample area with the city and prevented the population concerned from adapting to the processes of urbanity. The data obtained from the sample neighborhoods indicated that there were significant socioeconomic differences on a neighborhood scale. The findings and obtained results constitute an important source for institutions which aim at the adaptation of a squatting population to processes of urbanity. The spatial relationships of the socioeconomic profile in the study area indicate that it is necessary for planners to consider spatial differences when drawing up social development projects. (C) 2011 Published by Elsevier Ltd. Selection and/or peer-review under responsibility of The 2nd International Geography Symposium-Mediterranean EnvironmentÖğe Sand in My Eyes Fled Effect: An Evidence from Saudi Arabia(Springer Science and Business Media B.V., 2018) Tufan, Ekrem; Hamarat, Bahattin; Türkeş, Murat; Al-Zahrani, Ahmed AbdullahPsychological, cultural, religious and environmental factors affect human decisions and sometimes cause irrational behaviours. Even this is a common truth, traditional economics claims human is rational and many economic theories based on this idea. Behavioural Finance and Behavioural Economics go against this main assertion and postulates human has bounded rationality. This study investigates influences of the daily weather conditions such as mean and maximum air temperatures, mean and maximum air humidity values and Apparent Temperature Index (ATI) on Riyadh Stock Exchange. Granger Causality Modelhas been applied to these data, and found that daily mean water vapour pressure and daily maximum air temperature variables of the daily weather have affected the Riyad Stock Exchange returns. © 2018, Springer International Publishing AG, part of Springer Nature.Öğe Some Cognitive Biases and Happiness(Filodiritto Publisher, 2017) Tufan, Ekrem; Hamarat, Bahattin; Bertecene, Betul; Pekoguz, Selen; Eryucel, Ozge; Engin, Burcu; Yilmaz, Dilara CansuIn this research, we try to give evidence two biases namely Availability and Reference Point Effect and their relation with happiness. In addition to these aims we have also investigated good and bad memories duration about hotel service. We have created a questionnaire and applied 150 people. We strongly give evidence about availability and Reference Point Effect biases. Interestingly neither happy nor unhappy people have biased decisions more than happy and unhappy people and regarding cognitive biases as availability and Reference Point Effect, there is no significant difference between happy and unhappy (depressed) peoples' decisions. It has been also found that happy memory has long effect than bad memory. People do not forget good experiences for hotel services for longer terms such as one or two years. Bad experiences seem to be forgotten in long terms.Öğe SOMUT OLMAYAN KÜLTÜREL MİRAS KAPSAMINDA GELENEKSEL TÜRK MEYHANELERİ: ÇANAKKALE ÖRNEĞİ(Çanakkale Onsekiz Mart Üniversitesi, 2025) Duran, Erol; Hamarat, Bahattin; Güzel, Lokman; Can, Mutlu; Gümüşdal, FulyaTürkiye, tarih boyunca çok sayıda medeniyete ev sahipliği yapmış ve çeşitli kültürleri içerisinde barındıran bir ülke olmuştur. Bu kültürel farklılıklar etkileşim içerisinde kalarak farklı mutfak geleneklerinin ve yemek kültürlerinin ortaya çıkmasına katkı sağlamıştır. Eşi benzeri olmayan coğrafi konumu, iklimi, doğal güzellikleri ve günümüze kadar binlerce medeniyetin yaşadığı zengin tarihi ve kültürü ile Türkiye, mutfak kültürü olarak da çok zengin bir ülkedir. Araştırmada somut olmayan kültürel miras çerçevesinde geleneksel Türk meyhaneleri ele alınmış olup, meyhanelerin temelini oluşturan müdavimlik kavramı ve müdavimlerin meyhane kültürü ve kültürel ritüellerine ilişkin farkındalıkları irdelenmiştir. Alana ilişkin yazın incelendiğinde geleneksel Türk meyhaneleri üzerine yapılan akademik çalışmaların oldukça sınırlı sayıda olduğu görülmüştür. Bu doğrultuda yapılan araştırmanın Türk toplumunun geleneksel meyhane kültürüne ilişkin farkındalığına öncülük edeceği ve yazına katkı sağlayacağı öngörülmektedir. Araştırmada kapsamlı bir yazın taramasına ek olarak, nitel araştırma yöntemleri kapsamında görüşme tekniği kullanılmıştır. Bu çerçevede Çanakkale ilinde yaşayan geleneksel meyhane müdavimlerine yönelik yarı yapılandırılmış görüşme formu hazırlanmış ve alanda uygulanmıştır. Elde edilen bulgular, geleneksel meyhanelerin kendisine has ritüellerinin olduğunu, yeme içme adabı kavramının geleneksel meyhanelerde temel alındığını göstermiştir. Bunun yanında geleneksel meyhanelerin halk meclisleri gibi etkinlik gösterdiği, demlenmeye gitme ritüeli kapsamında toplumsal, ekonomik ve politik konuların siyaset üstü bir şekilde konuşulduğu, dostluk ve meyhane arkadaşlığı kavramlarının esas alındığı mekanlar olarak tanımlandığı belirlenmiştir. Ayrıca araştırma, günümüz meyhanelerinin gurme meyhanelerine dönüştüğü, eğlenme algısının ana motivasyon unsuru olduğu ve popüler kültürün etki alanına fazlasıyla girdiği için geleneksel meyhanelerden ayrıldığı algısı oluşmuştur
