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Öğe A study on the adaptation and feeding of wild-caught flounder juveniles in aquaculture conditions(Ege Univ, 2006) Ergün, Sebahattin; Yalcin, MetinIn this study, the growth and survival rates of wild-caught flounder (Platichthys flesus) reared with different feeding methods and their adaptation to culture conditions have been investigated. The experiment lasted 62 days and a total of 57 fish with an initial mean weight and length of 0,37g and 3,37cm respectively, were used. The experiment was carried out in 3 aquariums with sand substrates. The fish were starved for 2 days and 3 treatments were assigned: treatments I and II received live zooplankton as a first feed whereas treatment III received dry pellets through out the experimental period. The main difference between treatments I and II was the timing of dietary switch from live zooplankton to moist feed followed by dry pellets. Fish in treatment III did not initiate feeding on dry pellets by day 22 and 100% mortality was observed. Fish in treatment II, which received a dietary switch from moist feed to dry pellets on day 33, had a higher mortality rate (42%) compared to that of fish (37%) in treatment I which received a dietary switch from moist feed to dry pellets on day 43. At the end of the experiment, the live weight and length of fish in treatment I were 0,82 +/- 0,236 g and 4,52 +/- 1,286 cm respectively, whereas the live weight and length of fish in treatment II were 0,86 +/- 0,259 g ve 4,69 +/- 1,272 cm. The live weight increases were calculated as 127 and 132% for treatment I and II, respectively. It was concluded that wild-caught juvenile flounder can be adapted to culture conditions when fed incombination with live zooplankton and moist feed followed by a gradual switch from moist feed to dry pellets.Öğe Acoustic effects of underwater drilling and piling noise on growth and physiological response of Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus)(Wiley, 2020) Kusku, Halit; Yigit, Umut; Yılmaz, Sevdan; Yigit, Murat; Ergün, SebahattinHuman-generated noises are considered as underwater sound pollution with potential short- or long-term impacts on behavioural responses and physiological reaction of aquatic living organisms. Few investigations are available so far on long-term influences of impulsive and continuous sound sources on physiological response of fish. In the present study, opercula beat rates and pectoral wing rates were monitored as a physiological stress response of ventilation in Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) exposed to long-term repeated and continued sounds generated from underwater construction work. Fish responded to underwater sound treatment with significantly increased opercula beat-and pectoral wing movements. Maximum ventilation rate was observed as a startle response of fish at initial exposure to underwater sound. The ventilation rates remained at high levels over the first 4 weeks and showed a declining trend thereafter. Fish growth was almost stable for the first 4 weeks, but shifted forward from day 45 onwards. We found strong evidence that fish could attune to repeated playbacks of underwater noise exposures since we found higher specific growth rates for the sound exposed fish from day 45 onwards until day 120, a so-called 'catch-up growth endeavour'.Öğe ACOUSTIC NOISE POLLUTION FROM MARINE INDUSTRIAL ACTIVITIES: EXPOSURE AND IMPACTS(2018) Kuşku, Halit; Yiğit, Murat; Ergün, Sebahattin; Yiğit, Ümüt; Taylor, NicThe improvements in marine technological developments propagate urbanization in the ocean environment. The construction or operational activities of marine structures such as energy plants,oil platforms, pipe-lines, sea-tunnel passages, or cable-stayed suspension bridges, and vessel traffic are sources of underwater noise pollution. How underwater sounds such as piling, pole drilling,or machinery noises may affect the marine live is mostly ignored in marine construction, and thereis lack of information regarding underwater sound effects on marine live in the oceans. Recently,a remarkable interest is developing concerning underwater sound effects, especially in aquaculturefacilities, with experimentation of musical stimuli or various noises caused by pumps or filter systems on behavior and stress responses of fish in culture conditions. With the increase of urbanization and progressive development of marine industries, more and more pressure from human-generated (anthropogenic) underwater sound pollution may threaten marine mammals, fish speciesand invertebrates from underwater noises that in terms might be called as “Underwater Noise Pollution”. The future of marine life and that of human being, and the dramatic increase of underwatersound pollution is a new debate that needs to be controlled in a sustainable way with environmentsound approaches. Therefore the potential effects of various sound sources derived from marineindustrial activities have been reviewed in this study.Öğe An extensive review of human health benefits from consuming farmed or wild fish with special reference to gilthead seabream (Sparus aurata)(2024) Yiğit, Ümüt; Ergün, Sebahattin; Yiğit, MuratIn public, there is a significant concern regarding the safety and quality of farmed fish that poses problems for fish farmers in marketing. There is widespread recognition that farmed fish are less healthy than their wild equivalent, mostly attributed to unhealthy farm conditions or the ingredients used in artificial diets for aquaculture. However, the nutritional quality of farmed -or wild-caught fish may differ based on regional variation or a cultural environment's complex aspects. Whether farmed or wild fish provide better product quality is a long-standing matter for consumer preferences and marketing. Information was collected from a wide range of references through an extensive literature review, and detailed evaluations were made on the health levels of cultured fish and natural fish in human consumption. Therefore, the present study provides an extensive review to address the differences in the nutritional contribution of farmed and wild fish for human consumers. Addressing the questions arising from consumers’ concerns will undoubtedly support farmers in their challenging marketing efforts.Öğe An Extensive Review on the Use of Feed Additives Against Fish Diseases and Improvement of Health Status of Fish in Turkish Aquaculture Sector(Central Fisheries Research Institute, 2022) Yılmaz, Sevdan; Ergün, Sebahattin; Yiğit, Murat; Yılmaz, EbruAquaculture is the second-fastest-growing sector in the world after informatics and its. Average growth of aquaculture is annually~8.8% over the last 30 years. Turkey has great potential in terms of fish production and the number of fish farms started to increase rapidly. Fish production in intensive culture conditions has enlarged possible threats of contagious disease outbreaks due to high stocking densities, water quality or environmental gradient, etc., as well as the combination of all these factors together. Depending on animal husbandry situations and organizational conditions, gradation of the aquatic surroundings and outbreaks of bacteriological diseases may well cause production losses around 30-40% in aquaculture facilities. Some fish diseases reported most repeatedly in Turkish aquaculture facilities are Vibriosis, Furunculosis, Streptococcosis, Lactococcosis, Aeromonas septicemia, Yersiniosis, Photobacteriosis and Flavobacteriosis. Antibiotics, disinfectants and chemotherapeutics used for the prevention and treatment of diseases result in residual antibiotics and chemicals in fish products, microorganisms resistant to antibiotics and damages to the aquatic environment and human health. This situation has led researchers to use alternative feed additives in fish diets such as medicinal plant, herbal extracts, phytochemicals, plant secondary metabolites, immunostimulants and probiotics. This review includes research conducted in Turkey between the years 2001 and 2020, and aims to summarize the findings regarding the use of medicinal plant, herbal extracts, phytochemicals, plant secondary metabolites and immunostimulants in fish feed to prevent and treat diseases, improve immunity, increase disease resistance, and reduce stress in fish towards a better management and best aquaculture practice for the sustainability of the growing aquaculture industry in the region and worldwide. © 2022, Central Fisheries Research Institute. All rights reserved.Öğe Analysis of the economic performance of salmon farming in submerged and surface cages in the Black Sea(Springer Science and Business Media Deutschland GmbH, 2023) Yiğit, Umut; Yiğit, Murat; Ergün, Sebahattin; Kuşku, Halit; Ek, Hüseyin; Maita, MasashiThe production period for salmon farming in the Black Sea comprises the winter period and is limited to seven months, due to high water temperatures during the summer time. As an alternative strategy, temporary cage submersion during the summer season might be a solution for salmon grow-out throughout the year. Therefore, this study was conducted for comparative evaluation of economic performance of submerged and surface cages, by analyzing structural costs and returns for Turkish salmon farming in the Black Sea. As a result of the temporary cage submersion strategy, economic profits increased by nearly 70%, granting higher values of financial indicators with increased net profit (685,652.5 $ year−1) and margin of safety (89.6%), compared to the traditional surface cage (397,058.5 $ year−1 net profit and 88.4% margin of safety). The “What-if” analysis showed that profits from both cage systems were sensitive to variations in sale price, and the simulation by 10% reduced export market value may decrease revenues, with less financial profit loss for the submerged cage over the surface once. Hence, temporary cage submersion seems to be an alternative farm management strategy with extended production cycle and higher profits for the sustainable development of Turkish salmon farming in the Black Sea.Öğe Ankara ve Çanakkale’de Su Ürünleri Tüketim Tercihleri ve Alışkanlıklarının Karşılaştırılması(2019) Bayraktar, Sercan; Ergün, Sebahattin; Ayvaz, ZaydeBu çalışma, Ankara ve Çanakkale illerinde yaşayan kişiler arasından rastgele seçilen 200 kişiye, 20 sorudan oluşan anket çalışması uygulanarak kişilerin su ürünleri tüketim tercihleri ve davranışlarının belirlenmesi amacıyla hazırlanmıştır. Anketten doğru sonuçlar elde edebilmesi amacıyla ankete katılan kişilerin yaş, cinsiyet, meslek, bölge dağılımı, eğitim seviyesi ve gelir düzeyi gibi sosyo-demografik (karakteristik) kriterlere dikkat edilmiştir. Anket sonuçları, MS – Excel programında ve SPSS istatistiksel analiz programında analizler yapılıp, grafiklere dönüştürülerek karşılaştırmalı olarak değerlendirilmiştir. Ankete katılanların % 52’sinin su ürünleri tüketiminin <1 kg altında olduğu ve sadece % 59’unun av yasaklarına ve balık boyuna dikkat ederek balığı satın aldığı tespit edilmiştir. Ayrıca, anket katılımcılarının % 34’ü kırmızı eti, % 28’si ise balık etini tercih ederek kırmızı eti balık etine göre daha çok tükettiklerini belirtmektedirler. Mevsimsel olarak balık tüketim oranları incelendiğinde ilkbaharda % 13, yaz % 19, sonbaharda % 31 ve kışın % 37 oranında olduğu görülmüş ve ilkbahardan kışa doğru balık tüketiminde artış olduğu görülmektedir. Ayrıca, tüketici tercihleri incelendiğinde % 43.5’inin avcılıkla elde edilen balığı, % 47’si taze olan balığı ve % 58’i de deniz balığını tükettiklerini belirtmişlerdir. Katılımcıların, % 81’nin haftada bir ya da ayda bir balık tüketmeyi tercih ettikleri belirlenmiştir. Her iki ilde yapılan anket çalışmasına göre, Ankara’da denize olan uzaklık nedeni ile daha düşük bir seviyede su ürünleri tüketimi beklenmiştir. Ancak, Ankara’da da balık tüketiminin beklenenden yüksek olup Çanakkale ile benzer olduğu belirlenmiştir. Genel olarak, ankete katılan kişilerin su ürünleri tüketimi hakkında ve sağlık açısından faydaları konusunda bilinçli oldukları ancak, et ürünleri tüketimi toplamı ile karşılaştırıldığında su ürünleri tüketim oranlarının daha düşük olduğu tespit edilmiştir.Öğe Assessment of physical carrying capacity of a mariculture zone designated in the Aegean Sea(Springer, 2024) Yiğit, Murat; Ergün, Sebahattin; Büyükateş, Yeşim; Ateş, A. Suat; Özdilek, H. Göksel; Acar, SeçilThe present study was conducted to evaluate the physical carrying capacity in a mariculture zone designated for cage aquaculture in the Aegean Sea (Mersin Bay, Izmir, Turkiye). Rapid assessment of carrying capacity for the approval of new investments or capacity increase requests environment-regulated timely management procedures for the sustainable development of the drastically growing cage aquaculture industry in the Mediterranean. Hence, the mathematical estimations earlier developed for the Mediterranean area have been applied for the carrying capacity assessment using the data gathered from eight fish farms operating in the area. The data collected from the farms comprised the information such as current granted production level, surface area, location depth, current speed, shore distance, and coordinates of the farm sites. The results obtained showed an estimated carrying capacity for the investigated mariculture zone as 252,852 tons which is about 18 times the current production level of 13,500 tons that was granted in total for the sum of eight cage farms in the region with a total of 50.89-ha surface area. It can be concluded that, with the condition of periodic environmental monitoring to keep the marine ecosystem below eutrophication risk, the production capacity of farms in the designated mariculture zone, comprising a surface area of 50.89 ha, could be increased by 18-fold over the present production level, which is far below the risk threshold. The findings of this study provide important support for decision-makers in the management of intensive cage aquaculture operations in the Mediterranean region.Öğe Bacillus subtilis ve Lactobacillus plantarum Probiyotik Bakterilerinin Bazı Balık Patojenleri Üzerine in vitro Antagonistik Etkisi(Bülent VEREP, 2019) Çelik, Ekrem Şanver; Ergün, Sebahattin; Yılmaz, SevdanBu çalışmada iki potansiyel probiyotik bakteri Bacillus subtilis ve Lactobacillus plantarum’ un bazı balık patojenlerine karşı antagonistik etkisi araştırılarak, su ürünleri yetiştiriciliğinde kullanılabilirlikleri değerlendirilmiştir. Bu amaçla Aeromonas sobria, Citrobacter sp., Lactococcus garvieae, Listonella anguillarum, Edwardsiella tarda, ve Yersinia ruckeri patojenleri üzerine probiyotiklerin ürettikleri antibakteriyel maddelerin etkisi sıvı kültür inhibisyon testi ile in vitro olarak değerlendirilerek antagonistik etkinin varlığı araştırılmıştır. Sıvı kültür inhibisyon testi iki probiyotik türünün üst fazının 36 saatlik kültür sonucunda bazı balık patojenlerinin çoğalmasını inhibe edebildiğini göstermiştir. Test sonuçları B. subtilis'in A. sobria, E. tarda ve L. garviae'nin inhibisyonunda etkili olduğunu göstermiştir. L. plantarum probiyotiğinin A. sobria, L. garviae, L. anguillarum ve Y. ruckeri'nin büyümesini engellediği tespit edilmiştir. İleriki çalışmalarda Bacillus subtilis ve Lactobacillus plantarum probiyotik bakterilerinin balık yemlerine ilave edilerek besleme çalışmalarının yapılmasına ve bu çalışmada test edilen patojenlere karşı balıkların direnç kazanımlarının araştırılmasına ihtiyaç vardır.Öğe Bacillus subtilis ve Lactobacillus plantarum Probiyotik Bakterilerinin Bazı Balık Patojenleri Üzerine in-vitro Antagonistik Etkisi(2019) Çelik, Ekrem Şanver; Ergün, Sebahattin; Yılmaz, SevdanBu çalışmada iki potansiyel probiyotik bakteri Bacillus subtilis ve Lactobacillus plantarum’un bazı balık patojenlerine karşı sıvıkültür inhibisyon testi ile in-vitro olarak antagonistik etkisi araştırılmış ve su ürünleri yetiştiriciliğinde kullanılabilirlikleri değerlendirilmiştir.Sıvı kültür inhibisyon testi iki probiyotik türünün üst fazının 36 saatlik kültür sonucunda bazı balık patojenlerinin çoğalmasını inhibeedebildiğini göstermiştir. Test sonuçları B. Subtilis’in A. sobria, E. tarda ve L. garvieae’nin inhibisyonunda etkili olduğu; L. plantarumprobiyotiğinin ise A. sobria, L. garvieae, L. anguillarum ve Y. ruckeri’nin büyümesini engellediği tespit edilmiştir.Öğe Balıkçılık Teknolojisi Mezunlarının Memnuniyet ve İstihdam Araştırması: ÇOMÜ GUBY Örneği(Türk Ziraat Yüksek Mühendisleri Birliği, 2022) Zorlu, Ömer; Ergün, Sebahattin; Ayvaz, ZaydeBu çalışmanın amacı, Balıkçılık Teknolojisi bölümü mezunlarının istihdam, kariyer ve memnuniyet durumlarının anket yardımıyla incelenmesidir. Bunun için Çanakkale Onsekiz Mart Üniversitesi Gökçeada Uygulamalı Bilimler Yüksekokulu Balıkçılık Teknolojisi Bölümü’nden 2014-2018 yıllarında mezun olan öğrencilere; yaş aralıkları, cinsiyetleri, kendi istekleri ile bölümü seçip seçmedikleri, memnuniyet dereceleri, herhangi bir işte çalışıp çalışmadıkları, iş alanlarının mezun oldukları bölümle ilgili olup olmamasındaki düşünceleri ve bölümü tavsiye edip etmediklerine dair sorular bir anket ile yöneltilmiştir. Ankete 92 kişi katılmıştır ve formlar yüz yüze veya sosyal medya (Facebook, Twitter, Instagram ve WhatsApp) araçları ile ulaştırılmıştır. Anket sonuçlarına göre, bölüme isteyerek gelen öğrencilerin oranın %34,8 ve benzer olarak mezun olduğu alanda çalışma istekleri oranının %28,8 olduğu, ancak katılımcıların büyük çoğunluğunun (%71,7) farklı alanlarda da olsa iş bulduğu anlaşılmaktadır. Mezun olduğu bölümden memnun olan katılımcıların oranının (%33,7) ve bunun bir etkisi olarak da bölümü tavsiye eden (%29,3) katılımcı oranının da benzer olduğu görülmektedirÖğe Beneficial effects of Oral Allspice, Pimenta dioica powder supplementation on the hemato-immunological and serum biochemical responses of Oreochromis mossambicus(Wiley, 2016) Gullu, Kenan; Acar, Umit; Kesbic, Osman Sabri; Yılmaz, Sevdan; Agdamar, Sevan; Ergün, Sebahattin; Turker, AliThe present study investigated the effects of dietary allspice powder supplementation on welfare status of Tilapia, Oreochromis mossambicus assessed by hemato-immunological and serum biochemical parameters. Five diets were formulated to contain 0 (control), 5, 10, 15 or 20g of allspicekg(-1) of fish feed. Fish were fed experimental diets for 60days. Supplementation of allspice powder at 10gkg(-1) positively influenced the serum glucose, plasma lysozyme activity and myeloperoxidase activity. Dietary allspice powder at 15gkg(-1) also positively influenced the serum biochemical parameters (total protein, albumin and globulin) and plasma lysozyme activity. However, 20gkg(-1) allspice powder group had significantly lower values of respiratory burst activity and red blood cell count than other experimental groups (P<0.05). In conclusion, the results of the present study demonstrated that supplementation of allspice powder at 10 or 15gkg(-1) for 60days, had beneficial effects on improvement of some immunological and serum biochemical status of O. mossambicus. These findings suggest that dietary supplementation of allspice powder might further improve the resistance to fish pathogens.Öğe Bio-economic efficiency of copper alloy mesh technology in offshore cage systems for sustainable aquaculture(Natl Inst Science Communication-Niscair, 2017) Yigit, Umut; Ergün, Sebahattin; Bulut, Musa; Celikkol, Barbaros; Yigit, MuratIn the present study, innovative and environment friendly copper alloy mesh material was used in an offshore cage system to compare with traditional nylon nets, in a one-year grow-out cycle of European seabass (Dicentrarchuslabrax). Based on combined indicators such as growth performance, feed utilization with bio-economic assessment of initial investment costs, it was observed that copper alloy mesh performed higher productivity indices and economic benefits compared to those in the antifouling coated traditional nylon net pens. Results showed that copper alloy mesh is a promising alternative material that could be used in offshore cage aquaculture with an improved economic return.Öğe Biofouling Control of Invasive Zebra Mussel (Dreissena polymorpha) Using Acoustic Energy(Hard, 2022) Kusku, Halit; Yigit, Murat; Yılmaz, Sevdan; Yigit, Umut; Ergün, SebahattinEffects of increasing levels of audible sound energy (500, 1000, 5000 Hz frequency) on attachment strength and mortality rates of zebra mussels were investigated in a long-term study for the control and deterrence of zebra mussel infestation. All groups exposed to sound treatments presented weight loss by 1.09, 1.44 and 2.07% in the 500 Hz, 1.000 Hz, and 5.000 Hz frequency groups, respectively, while mussels receiving no sound showed an increasing trend in weight gain by 1.37%. The mortality rate increased with both increasing levels of sound frequency, and the time-length of exposure duration within the same frequency level. Attachment strength declined with induced mortality of zebra mussel after 20 days of sound exposure, and nearly 50% of zebra mussels died by sound treatment of 5000 Hz frequency after 100-days of exposure. The findings in this study demonstrate that sound energy is a potential tool and a practical option for preventive management and control of zebra mussel biofouling in freshwater ecosystems.Öğe Body amino acid composition of axillary seabream (Pagellus acarne R., 1827) catched from dardanelles (Canakkale, Turkey)(CEUR-WS, 2015) Öztekin, Alkan; Kizilkaya, Bayram; Aslan, Alparslan; Selvi, Kahraman; Yılmaz, Sevdan; Hisar, Olcay; Ergün, SebahattinAmino acid composition of the whole body tissue of Axillary seabream (Pagellus acarne) was determined. Fish was catched from Dardanelles (April 2013) via fishing line. The most abundant amino acid was Glutamic Acid (11.0 g/100 g crude protein) and Valine was the most abundant essential amino acid (6.2 g/100 g crude protein). The total essential amino acid content was 32.3 g/100 g crude protein and the total nonessential amino acid content was 42.5 g/100 g crude protein. Copyright © 2015 for this paper by authors.Öğe Chickweed (Stellaria media) Leaf Meal as a Feed Ingredient for Tilapia (Oreochromis mossambicus)(2013) Yılmaz, Sevdan; Ergün, SebahattinA study was undertaken to determine the effect of the inclusion of chickweed (Stellaria media) leaf meal (CLM) on growth performance, feed utilization, nutrition retention, and whole body composition of tilapia, Oreochromis mossambicus. Five isonitrogenous (35% crude protein) and isoenergetic diets were formulated to contain chickweed leaf meal at levels of 0%, 2.5%, 5%, 10%, and 20%. A 45-day feeding trial was carried out on triplicate groups of 225 mixed sex fish in 140-L fiberglass tanks. There were no particular differences in protein retention, fat retention, energy retention, whole body dry matter, and ash levels of fish fed experimental diets (P > 0.05). However, 20% chickweed supplementation significantly decreased final fish weight, weight gain, feed conversion ratio, whole body protein, and fat levels (P < 0.05), probably as a result of oxalic acid toxicity. Inclusion of CLM can be used at 10% in tilapia diets without significant reduction in growth. © 2013 Copyright Taylor and Francis Group, LLC.Öğe Comprehensive analysis of Yersinia ruckeri serotype O1 biotype 1 and biotype 2 isolates from rainbow trout in Turkey: Proteomic, serologic, antigenic, genomic, and virulence characteristics(Elsevier, 2025) Altun, Soner; Satıcıoğlu, İzzet Burçin; Ajmi, Nihed; Taşcı, Görkem; Özakın, Cüneyt; Tüzemen, Nazmiye Ülkü; Romalde, Jesus L.; Ergün, SebahattinEnteric Red Mouth (ERM) disease caused by Yersinia ruckeri first emerged in rainbow trout in the United States in the 1950s. Despite the development of effective vaccines in the 1970s, ERM continues to spread rapidly worldwide (Europe, Asia, Africa, Australia, and New Zealand), causing significant mortality, particularly in salmonid fish. In this study, a total of 69 Y. ruckeri isolates collected from rainbow trout between 2013 and 2023, along with two reference strains (NCTC 12266 and the field strain Biotype 2 [BT2]), were subjected to phenotypic tests such as motility, lipase activity, and sorbitol fermentation to determine biotypes (BT). The isolates were characterized as serotype O1 Biotype 1 (BT1) (n = 46) and BT2 (n = 23) using motility test to detect bacterial motility, SDS-PAGE and Western blot analyses to profile whole-cell proteins and antigenic properties, and slide and microagglutination tests to assess serological relationships. While general similarities were observed in the whole-cell protein profiles, significant differences were found in the antigenic protein patterns. Y. ruckeri strains of serotype O1 BT1 and BT2 showed strong cross-reactions in slide agglutination and quantitative agglutination tests, with titers ranging from 1/160 to 1/1280, except for the Y2022-239 strain. It was determined that the isolates Y2022-266 from O1 BT1 and Y75-2013 from O1 B2 displayed a distinct (1/1280) antibody titer compared to other isolates. Additionally, comprehensive genomic analyses were performed to compare the overall genomic relatedness, virulence genes, and antimicrobial resistance patterns of these biotypes. Genomic analyses revealed that the Turkish Y. ruckeri serotype O1 BT1 and BT2 strains formed a common cluster distinct from isolates of different geographical origins. Furthermore, the Y. ruckeri O1 BT1 (n = 3) and O1 BT2 (n = 5) strains diverged into two subclusters. The AMR genes among these strains were completely similar. The virulence capabilities of pathogenic isolates exhibiting serotype O1 BT1 and BT2 characteristics were also investigated in vivo. The Kaplan-Meier survivorship curves indicate that specific strains within the serotype O1 BT1 and BT2 groups exhibit varying levels of virulence, with BT2 strains showing significantly lower survival rates in rainbow trout than the BT1 strains (p < 0.05). This study is the first to determine the serological, antigenic, and virulence characteristics of Yersinia ruckeri serotype O1 BT1 and BT2 strains isolated in Turkey.Öğe Determination of Triploidy in Rainbow Trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss using Erythrocyte Measurements(Adem Yavuz SÖNMEZ, 2012) Kenanoğlu, Osman Nezih; Yılmaz, Sevdan; Soytaş, Nergiz; Ergün, Sebahattin; Akı, Cüneyt; Tapan, FatihIn this study, effects of thermal shock (26°C) on Oncorhynchus mykiss egg at different duration time (5, 10, 15 and 20 min.) to triploid rate was determined. Level of triploid induction for each treatment was evaluated by erythrocyte measurements. For this purpose, the caudal peduncles of 40fry for each group were cut off and blood smears prepared. The cell and nucleus lengths (major and minor axis) of 30 erythrocytes for each individual were determined with the aid of a microscope camera (with ScopImage 9.0®) and using a micrometer. There was considerable variation in major axisof erythrocytes cell and nucleus both within individual fish and among individuals of a given ploidy. In the major axis length of erythrocyte, cell and nucleus of 10, 15, 20 min thermal shocked groups were statistically significant compared to the control groups (p<0.05). The presented study demonstrated that the increases of triploid yields are correlated to length oferythrocyte major axis. In conclusion, the best triploid yield for O. mykiss was at 26°C for 15 min initiated 15 min after fertilization.Öğe Dietary olive leaf (Olea europea L.) extract alters some immune gene expression levels and disease resistance to Yersinia ruckeri infection in rainbow trout Oncorhynchus mykiss(Academic Press Ltd- Elsevier Science Ltd, 2018) Baba, Esin; Acar, Umit; Yılmaz, Sevdan; Zemheri, Fahriye; Ergün, SebahattinThe aim for the present study was to investigate the effects of olive leaf (Olea europea L.) extract (OLE) on the control of Yersinia ruckeri infection in rainbow (Oncorhynchus mykiss) trout and to assess the impact on the expression of immune-related genes in the spleen and serum biochemical parameters of rainbow trout. Five experimental diets were prepared by adding 0.0%, 0.1%, 0.25%, 0.50% and 1.0% of OLE. Each diet was fed to triplicate groups of fish (mean body weight 51.22 +/- 3.04 g) twice a day (at 09:00 and 17:00 h) for 60 days. The dietary supplementation of OLE did not affect growth performance and feed utilization (P > 0.05). Major changes due to graded levels of OLE in the diets were observed in blood biochemical parameters (P < 0.05). TNF alpha, IL1-beta and IL-8 gene expressions were significanity up-regulated in OLE 0.1% group compared with others (P < 0.05). Also, diet supplemented with OLE reduced mortality in rainbow trout fed with OLE 0.1% added diet. Present study suggests that OLE especially at 0.1% added feed may effectivelly enhance the serum biochemical parameters, survival rate and immune gene expression in rainbow trout.Öğe Dietary supplementation of black mulberry (Morus nigra) syrup improves the growth performance, innate immune response, antioxidant status, gene expression responses, and disease resistance of Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus)(Academic Press Ltd- Elsevier Science Ltd, 2020) Yılmaz, Sevdan; Ergün, Sebahattin; Yigit, Murat; Yilmaz, Ebru; Ahmadifar, EhsanThe present study investigated the effects of black mulberry (Morus nigra) syrup supplementation on growth performance, hematological, serum biochemical, innate immune parameters, immune and antioxidant related gene expression responses, and disease resistance of Nile tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus. Five isonitrogenous and isoenergetic diets were formulated to contain black mulberry syrup at levels of 0%, 0.75%, 1.5%, 2.0%, and 3.0%. Fish were fed experimental diets for 60 days. Dietary black mulberry syrup increased activities of serum lysozyme, myeloperoxidase, superoxide dismutase and catalase, and increased the expression levels of immune-related genes (interleukin 1, beta, tumor necrosis factor, immunoglobulin M, interferon gamma and heat shock protein 70) in the spleen and antioxidant-related genes (superoxide dismutase, catalase and glutathione peroxidase) in the liver of fish fed especially with 1.5%, 2.0%, and 3.0% black mulberry syrup supplemented diets. Furthermore, at 2.0% incorporation level, growth performance increased. The findings of the present study indicate that Nile tilapia fed with diet containing 2.0% black mulberry might be adequate to improve the growth performance, innate immune parameters, antioxidant related gene expression responses, and disease resistance against Aeromonas veronii.
