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    Adalimumab mitigates ovarian ischemia-reperfusion injury in rats by regulating oxidative stress, apoptosis and resolution of inflammation
    (Wiley, 2019) Beyazit, Fatma; Buyuk, Basak; Turkon, Hakan; Elmas, Sait; Uzun, Metehan
    Aim Ovarian torsion is a rare but an important reason of acute lower abdominal pain in women and associated with serious morbidity and mortality, if not treated promptly. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of an antitumor necrosis factor-alpha antibody on ovarian torsion in a rat model of ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury. Methods Forty female Wistar Albino rats were used in the present study. The rats were randomly divided into four groups: group I (sham), group II (I/R), group III (I/R + isotonic saline) and group IV (I/R + adalimumab). The I/R model was induced by torsion of both ovaries. Immunohistochemical staining for interleukin-1 beta (IL-1 beta), nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-kappa B), and inducible nitric oxide synthase was performed. Tissue and serum oxidative stress markers in conjunction with apoptotic index (AI) with the terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick end labeling method were also calculated. Results Tissue total oxidant status, oxidative stress index and nitric oxide values were significantly decreased, and tissue total antioxidant status was found to be increased in group IV. Inflammation, vascular congestion and hemorrhagia were significantly lower in adalimumab-treated group. Serum oxidative stress markers and tissue malondialdehyde levels did not differ in study groups. The AI was significantly increased in groups 2 and 3. Adalimumab treatment significantly decreased the AI. Conclusion Adalimumab therapy in rats attenuated I/R induced ovarian injury, possibly suppressing inflammation, inhibiting oxidative stress, and altering apoptotic pathways.
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    Changes Induced by Copper Toxicity in the Rat Liver and the Effects of Panax Ginseng on These Changes
    (Pleiades Publishing Inc, 2023) Yildiz, M.; Boyacioglu, M.; Avcioglu, M.; Elmas, Sait
    Copper is a trace element that accumulates in the body and forms harmful effects. Panax ginseng is a plant that possesses antioxidant properties. The purpose of this study is to evaluate whether Panax ginseng protects the livers of rats exposed to copper sulfate. The rats were randomly divided into four groups as control, Panax ginseng, copper sulfate and Panax ginseng + copper sulfate. At the end of the trial, blood and liver samples were obtained from the animals. Biochemical analysis was carried out in blood samples. Oxidant and antioxidant parameters were analyzed in liver samples. In addition, liver tissue sections were stained with the hematoxylin-eosin, Masson's trichrome, periodic acid-Schiff, and rhodanine staining methods for histochemical and histopathological examinations. It was found that serum alanine transaminase (ALT) and aspartate transaminase (AST) levels, also densities of copper and histopathological parameters except for central vein dilatation and malondialdehyde (MDA) value in the liver significantly increased in copper sulfate group compared to control group, but inflammatory cell infiltration and MDA value decreased in Panax ginseng + copper sulfate group compared to copper sulfate group. In addition, it was determined that glycogen density, glutathione (GSH) level and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity in the liver significantly decreased in copper sulfate group compared to control group, and they increased in Panax ginseng + copper sulfate group compared to copper sulfate group. As a result, copper sulfate causes structural and oxidative abnormalities in the liver. Additionally, Panax ginseng helps to protect liver tissue by diminishing oxidative damage in copper sulfate toxicity.
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    Effect of Topically Applied Azithromycin on Corneal Epithelial and Endothelial Apoptosis in a Rat Model of Corneal Alkali Burn
    (Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, 2016) Arikan, Sedat; Karaca, Turan; Ertekin, Yusuf Haydar; Comez, Arzu Taskiran; Ersan, Ismail; Demirtas, Selim; Elmas, Sait
    Purpose: To investigate the antiapoptotic effect of topically administered azithromycin (AZM) on corneal epithelial and endothelial cells in a rat model of corneal alkali burn. Methods: Twenty-four Wistar albino rats were divided into 4 equal groups as pseudovehicle (group 1), control (group 2), alkali burned (group 3), and treatment (group 4) groups. Alkali injury was induced only in the right corneas of rats belonging to groups 3 and 4 using 1N NaOH. The rats in group 3 and the rats in group 4 were respectively treated either with an artificial tear gel or with 1.5% AZM eye drops for 5 days. At the fifth day of the experiment, the apoptosis in the corneal epithelium and endothelium of all rats was assessed using a terminal dUTP nick-end labeling (TUNEL) assay. In addition, tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) density in the corneal epithelium was measured in all rats. Results: The mean numbers of TUNEL+ cells in the corneal epithelium and endothelium of rats in group 3 were 117.1 +/- 23.8 and 34.6.+/- 11.3, respectively, whereas in group 4, they were 75.8 +/- 15.7 and 14.7 +/- 3.5, respectively. Also the mean TNF-alpha densities in the corneal epithelium in group 3 and group 4 were 2.65 +/- 1.3 and 1.65 +/- 1.1, respectively. There was a significant decrease in the mean number of TUNEL+ cells in the corneal epithelium and endothelium and in the mean TNF-alpha density in the corneal epithelium of rats in group 4, when compared with group 3. Conclusions: Topically applied AZM can decrease TNF-alpha-induced apoptosis in corneal alkali burn.
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    Efficacy of adalimumab therapy in experimental rat sclerosing encapsulated peritonitis model
    (Medicinska Naklada, 2019) Akgun, Yeliz; Bakirdogen, Serkan; Kocak, Meral Gulay Kadioglu; Bektas, Sibel; Demir, Ceren; Akbal, Erdem; Elmas, Sait
    Aim To investigate the efficacy of adalimumab treatment in an experimental rat sclerosing encapsulated peritonitis (SEP) model. Methods The study involved 40 Wistar albino rats divided into four groups: chlorhexidine (CH) group, control group, CH + adalimumab group, and CH + resting group. The control group received normal saline intraperitoneally (i.p.). Other groups received 0.1% CH gluconate, 15% ethanol, and normal saline mixture i.p. for three weeks in order to induce SEP. CH + adalimumab group received 5 mg/kg adalimumab i.p. at the beginning of week 4 and week 6, while CH + resting group was followed-up for three weeks without applying any procedure after the onset of SEP. Rats in groups CH and control group were sacrificed on day 21, and rats in group CH + adalimumab and CH + resting were sacrificed on day 42. All groups were evaluated for peritoneal thickness, inflammation, vascularization, and fibrosis. Results CH + adalimumab group showed a significant decrease in peritoneal thickness, fibrosis score, and vascular score compared with CH group and CH + resting group. Conclusion Adalimumab can prevent SEP development.
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    Pulmonary effects of ozone therapy at different doses combined with antibioticotherapy in experimental sepsis model
    (Acta Cirurgica Brasileira, 2020) Kapicibasi, Hasan Oguz; Kiraz, Hasan Ali; Demir, Emin Tunc; Adali, Yasemen; Elmas, Sait
    Purpose: This experimental sepsis model created with Escherichia coil aimed to investigate the histopathological effects of two different doses of ozone combined with antibiotherapy on lung tissue. Methods: Rats were divided into 5 groups. Then sepsis was induced intraperitoneally in the first 4 groups. The 1st group was treated with cefepime, the 2nd and 3rd groups were treated with cefepime combined with ozone at a dose of 0.6 mg/kg and 1.1 mg/kg. Lung tissue sections were stained with hematoxylin-eosin and assessed under light microscope and scored between 0-4 in terms of histopathological findings. Results: In the comparisons between Group 1 and Group 4 in terms of cellular damage (p=0.030), inflammation (p=0.000) and overall score (p=0.007), statistically significant positive effects were observed in favor of Group 1. In the comparisons of Groups 2 and 3 with Group 4, only positive effects were observed in terms of inflammation (p=0.020, p=0.012, respectively). Conclusion: Although negative histopathological effects of ozone on tissue injury were detected, it was noteworthy that the increase in the ozone dose reduced the number of damaged parameters.
  • Küçük Resim
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    The effect of medical ozone on oxidative stress and neuroinflammation in the early stage after experimental status epilepticus
    (Springer, 2021) Çokyaman, Turgay; Öztopuz, Özlem; Coşkun, Özlem; Büyük, Başak; Kiraz, Hasan Ali; Elmas, Sait
    Preservation of the brain is important to reducing recurrent seizures and other neurological sequelae after status epilepticus (SE). Medical ozone (MedO3) shows antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and anti-apoptotic properties in the human body. In this study, it was aimed to understand the neuroprotective potential of MedO3 in the acute period after SE. Mature rats of Wistar Albino were used for the study. Group design O3 + SE: SE induced after MedO3, O3: MedO3 alone was given, SE: SE only induced, SE + O3; MedO3 given after SE, C: control and S: sham control group. SE was induced with lithium-pilocarpine experimental model and evaluated on the Racine scale. Peripheral blood samples and brain tissue samples were taken before decapitation. Histopathological evaluation of the hippocampus of the rats given medical O3 before and after SE were studied. The highest peripheral blood oxidative stress index (OSI) was found in SE group. The OSI level in O3 + SE and SE + O3 was significantly higher than SE/C/S. Gene expressions of TNF-α and IL-1β mRNA were significantly higher in SE compared to other groups. Histopathologically; eosinophilia, cellular shrinkage and interstitial oedema were detected in the most severe SE and to a lesser extent in O3 + SE/ SE + O3. MedO3 reduced SE-induced oxidative damage, neuroinflammation and neuronal injury and contributed positively to neuroprotection.
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    The Efficacy of Boric Acid Used to Treat Experimental Osteomyelitis Caused by Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus: an In Vivo Study
    (Humana Press Inc, 2016) Guzel, Yunus; Golge, Umut H.; Goksel, Ferdi; Vural, Ahmet; Akcay, Muruvvet; Elmas, Sait; Turkon, Hakan
    We explored the ability of local and systemic applications of boric acid (BA) to reduce the numbers of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) in a rat model of tibial osteomyelitis (OM), and compared boric acid with vancomycin (V). Implant-associated osteomyelitis was established in 35 rats. After 4 weeks, at which time OM was evident both radiologically and serologically in all animals, the rats were divided into five groups of equal number: group 1, control group (no local application of BA or other medication); group 2, V group; group 3, local BA + V group; group 4, local BA group; and group 5, local + systemic BA group. Serum total antioxidant status, and the levels of tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha and interleukin (IL)-6, were measured. Pathological changes attributable to bone OM were evaluated using a grading system. Bacterial colony-forming units (CFUs) per gram of bone were counted. The lowest bacterial numbers were evident in group 3, and the bacterial numbers were significantly lower than that of the control group in all four test groups (p < 0.001). Group 3 also had the least severe bone infection (OM score 1.7 +/- 1.1, p < 0.05). Upon histological and microbiological evaluation, no significant difference was evident between groups 2 and 3. Total antioxidant levels were significantly different in all treatment groups compared to the control group. Microbiological and histopathological evaluation showed that systemic or local application of BA was effective to treat OM, although supplementary V increased the effectiveness of BA.
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    The possible effect of topically applied azithromycin and moxifloxacin on the alleviation of uveitis
    (Springer, 2023) Arikan, Sedat; Guven, Soner; Sehitoglu, Muserref Hilal; Elmas, Sait
    Purpose To investigate the inhibitory effect of topically administered azithromycin (AZM), and moxifloxacin (MXF) against tumor necrosis factor-a (TNF-alpha) production in a rat model of endotoxininduced uveitis (EIU). Methods Thirty-six Wistar albino rats were divided into 6 equal groups. Groups 1, 2 and 3 were determined as sham, control group for topical AZM application and control group for topical MXF application, respectively. Sterile saline, topical AZM 1.5%, and topical MXF 0.5% were instilled 5 times daily for totally 6 days on both eyes of the rats in Group 4, Group 5, and Group 6, before and after inducing EIU by intravitreal injections of lipopolysaccharide, respectively. At 24 h after intravitreal injections, aqueous humor was collected from both eyes of each rat for the assessment of TNF-a concentration. Also, density of nuclear factor kappa B (NF-kappa B) in ciliary body, and the number of cells infiltrating the posterior segment of EIU rat eyes was assessed in one eye of each rat. Results There was a significant reduction in mean aqueous humor concentration of TNF-alpha in EIU rats pretreated with topical AZM in comparison with those pretreated with sterile saline (139 +/- 38.6 in Group 4 vs. 72 +/- 12.6 in Group 5, p = 0.006). There was also a marked decrease in mean aqueous humor concentration of TNF-a in EIU rats pretreated with topical MXF (139 +/- 38.6 in Group 4 vs.86.1 +/- 35.5 in Group 6, p = 0.025). Also, evident suppressions were determined in mean density of NF-kappa B, and in mean number of cells in EIU rats pretreated either with topical AZM, or topical MXF. Conclusions Topically applied AZM or MXF may be beneficial in the suppression of TNF-alpha production in aqueous humor.