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Öğe A comprehensive review of recent advances in optimal allocation methods for distributed renewable generation(Inst Engineering Technology-Iet, 2023) Tercan, Said Mirza; Demirci, Alpaslan; Unutmaz, Yesim Esra; Elma, Onur; Yumurtaci, RecepDistributed generation (DG) has a key role in enlarging the implementation of renewable energy resources (RES). However, the intermittent and uncontrollable nature of RES can lead to several severe power quality-related issues. Therefore, many efforts have been made to overcome these issues by optimizing DG sizes and locations. Hence, optimal DG allocation (ODGA) is significant for DG performance and provides advantages to the power system, such as improved power quality, voltage stability, reliability, and profitability. This study reviews recent ODGA studies eliminating the main DG integration problems. Often used ODGA methods have been categorized, and the main differences have been discussed, giving the details of features of optimization methods such as convergence performance and computational burden. A deep analysis for categorizing the objectives of ODGA has been done. In addition, optimization methods applied in ODGA studies have been presented by comparing the superiorities of algorithms and validated test network models. The objectives and significant findings of the ODGA applications are summarized with the advantages and disadvantages. It can be concluded that ODGA has a critical role in RES integration on the DG side and in reducing carbon emissions. This paper leads and provides a perspective for researchers working on recent ODGA methods.Öğe A Smart Direct Load Control Approach Using Dynamic Voltage Control for Demand Response Programs(Taylor & Francis Inc, 2022) Elma, Onur; Kuzlu, Murat; Pipattanasomporn, Manisa-This study proposes a direct load control (DLC) approach for residential demand response (DR) programs, which uses a dynamic voltage control method to reduce the peak electricity consumption in homes. In the proposed approach, if a utility needs to reduce electrical load consumption, a DLC signal is sent to a smart meter (SM) either via utility's communication infrastructure. SM communicates with a group of smart plugs attached to selected domestic appliances to individually reduce the output voltage. The electrical consumption of selected appliances can be reduced without turning them OFF. Hence, the peak demand of a residential house can be reduced without turning off selected power-intensive loads, like in a classic direct load control (DLC) approach used by several electric utilities. The proposed dynamic voltage control is operated can be done within a certain limit defined set by international standards to avoid any possible negative impacts on domestic appliances. The results indicated that the proposed DLC could reduce the peak electricity demand up to around 32% using both voltage control and renewable energy. The proposed approach is expected to give flexibility to utilities to control the electrical demand of homes while ensuring participants remain more comfortable during a DR event.Öğe An expansion planning method for extending distributed energy system lifespan with energy storage systems(SAGE Publications, 2022) Tercan, Said Mirza; Elma, Onur; Gökalp, Erdin; Çalı, ÜmitThe recent advances in the modern power grids, such as growing energy demand and penetration of higher amounts of distributed energy generators like renewable energy resources, caused additional grid integration challenges for the distributed energy system operators. Besides, deep electrification impacts triggered by a growing share of electric vehicles as additional electric loads made it essential for the distributed energy system operators to re-investigate their upgrade plans in terms of distributed energy system lines and corresponding infrastructure investments. An energy storage system offers the opportunity to use energy flexibly, resulting in deferring the inevitable upgrade costs of the distribution grid elements and increasing the power quality. In this study, a new method is proposed to extend the lifespan of distributed energy systems with an energy storage system and reduce line upgrade costs. The proposed method is tested on the IEEE-33 with different case studies. The findings of this study indicated that the investigated energy storage option has a positive impact on the distributed energy system components and assets in terms of extending their lifespan and helping to mitigate growing demand peaks because of the load increase. According to the results, the proposed method reduces the total cost by up to 66%. Furthermore, the power losses are reduced by an average of 34.8%, and the voltage profiles are improved with the energy storage system.Öğe An overview of bidirectional electric vehicles charging system as a Vehicle to Anything (V2X) under Cyber-Physical Power System (CPPS)(Elsevier, 2022) Elma, Onur; Cali, Umit; Kuzlu, MuratNowadays, EVs are rapidly increasing in popularity, and are accepted as the vehicles of the future all over the world. The most important components are their battery and charging systems. The energy capacity of EVs' batteries has a significant potential to supply different energy requirements. Therefore, EVs must be designed in accordance with bidirectional power flow, and Electric Vehicle Supply Equipment (EVSE) should be upgraded as Electric Vehicle Power Exchange Equipment (EVPE). This power exchange infrastructure can be called Vehicle-to-Anything (V2X). V2X will also be the key solution for energy grids of the future that will turn into a much larger and smarter system with the help of emerging digitalization technologies, such as Artificial Intelligence (AI), Distributed Ledger Technology (DLT), and the Internet of Things (IoT). This study introduces a multi-layer Cyber-Physical Power Systems (CPPS) framework to explore the potential of V2X technologies allowing bidirectional charging. In addition, the impact of e-mobility is discussed from the V2X perspective. V2X has the potential to provide more practical use of electric vehicles and to bring advantages to the user in terms of both economy and comfort, thus accelerating the transformation of e-mobility and making it easier to accept.(c) 2022 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Ltd. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/).Öğe Analysis of deceptive data attacks with adversarial machine learning for solar photovoltaic power generation forecasting(Springer, 2024) Kuzlu, Murat; Sarp, Salih; Catak, Ferhat Ozgur; Cali, Umit; Zhao, Yanxiao; Elma, Onur; Guler, OzgurThe solar photovoltaics (PV) energy resources have become more important with their significant contribution to the current power grid among renewable energy resources. However, the integration of the solar PV causes reliability issues in the power grid due to its high dependence on the weather condition. The predictability and stability of forecasting are critical for fully utilizing solar power. This study presents an Artificial Neural Network (ANN)-based solar PV power generation forecasting using a public dataset to form a basis experimental testbed to demonstrate analysis and impact of deceptive data attacks with adversarial machine learning. In addition, it evaluates the algorithms' performance using the Root Mean Squared Error (RMSE), Mean Squared Error (MSE), and Mean Average Error (MAE) metrics for two main cases, i.e., with and without adversarial machine learning attacks. The results show that the ANN-based models are vulnerable to adversarial attacks.Öğe Cybersecure and scalable, token-based renewable energy certificate framework using blockchain-enabled trading platform(Springer, 2024) Cali, Umit; Kuzlu, Murat; Sebastian-Cardenas, D. Jonathan; Elma, Onur; Pipattanasomporn, Manisa; Reddi, RameshDecarbonization of energy systems has been a recent trend during the last two decades where large-scale renewable energy sources (RES) are integrated into the modern power systems. Various countries have developed new energy policy instruments, such as Renewable Energy Certificates (RECs), to promote the growth of RES. RECs are tradable, non-tangible assets, which have a monetary value. Tracking and certification of the origin of an energy resource regardless of its type (e.g., a conventional power plant or RES) are a critical operation. In addition to the certification of origin, trading transactions must be performed using a secure method. Energy industry participants need to secure the data and applications related to RECs. Digitalization technologies such as artificial intelligence (AI) and distributed ledger technology (DLT) are among the most popular and promising options. DLT is a perfect framework that can support such REC functionalities. This paper addresses the cybersecurity aspects in REC trading using blockchain and distributed ledger technology, considering detailed cybersecurity perspectives and aspects of adopting technology from an organizational perspective.Öğe Cybersecurity and Digital Privacy Aspects of V2X in the EV Charging Structure(Assoc Computing Machinery, 2023) Cali, Umit; Kuzlu, Murat; Elma, Onur; Gucluturk, Osman Gazi; Kilic, Ahmet; Catak, Ferhat OzgurWith the advancement of green energy technology and rising public and political acceptance, electric vehicles (EVs) have grown in popularity. Electric motors, batteries, and charging systems are considered major components of EVs. The electric power infrastructure has been designed to accommodate the needs of EVs, with an emphasis on bidirectional power flow to facilitate power exchange. Furthermore, the communication infrastructure has been enhanced to enable cars to communicate and exchange information with one another, also known as Vehicle-to-Everything (V2X) technology. V2X is positioned to become a bigger and smarter system in the future of transportation, thanks to upcoming digital technologies like Artificial Intelligence (AI), Distributed Ledger Technology, and the Internet of Things. However, like with any technology that includes data collection and sharing, there are issues with digital privacy and cybersecurity. This paper addresses these concerns by creating a multi-layer Cyber-Physical-Social Systems (CPSS) architecture to investigate possible privacy and cybersecurity risks associated with V2X. Using the CPSS paradigm, this research explores the interaction of EV infrastructure as a very critical part of the V2X ecosystem, digital privacy, and cybersecurity concerns.Öğe Editorial: Internet of energy for renewable energy-based decarbonized electrical energy systems(Frontiers Media S.A., 2023) Elma, Onur; Kuzlu, Murat; Zohrabi, NasibehThis research topic aims to highlight the current state-of-the-art technologies in digitalized smart grids, including renewable energy and others with the Internet of Energy (IoE) under the decarbonized electrical energy systems. These approaches will increase the overall efficiency of electrical power systems, along with emerging technologies and applications in the current system.Öğe Energy planning for a sustainable transition to a decarbonized generation scenario(Elsevier, 2023) Elma, Onur; Dash, Santanu Kumar; Chakraborty, SupravaFossil fuels remain the world’s most powerful source of energy, accounting for 81% of total power in 2018. Reducing dependency on coal, oil, and gas is a critical component of accomplishing important climate goals like the United Nations’s Sustainable Development Goals. In its Energy Strategy for 2050, the European Union declares that member countries must prepare their infrastructure for further decarbonization of their energy system in the long run, 2050. Therefore accurate energy utilization planning to achieve sustainable goals for the world is needed. The sustainable goals for decarbonization are different in various locations of the world, which lead to sustainable transition. This chapter has presented the requirement of various sectors and categories, which are involved in this world’s sustainable transition process. The penetration of renewable energies like solar, wind, and hydropower in different sectors will have a major contribution toward sustainable transition progress, at the present state utilization of renewable energies for transportation, industrial empowerment, and domestic utilization. Renewable energy resources are the future of the energy sources of the world, and these resources are implemented as under distributed energy generation mostly which is considered for microgrid and nanogrid formation. The planning of the energy strategies has a greater role in the widespread application of a smart grid which helps in the sustainable transition to reduce the emissions to the environment. All the components such as e-mobility, smart grid, renewable resources, and digitalization play an important role in decarbonization to achieve sustainable goals. © 2024 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
