Yazar "Donat, Matthias" seçeneğine göre listele

Listeleniyor 1 - 4 / 4
  • [ X ]
    Öğe
    Belief in a just world, perceived control, perceived risk, and hopelessness during the COVID-19 pandemic: Findings from a globally diverse sample
    (Springer, 2022) Kiral Ucar, Gozde; Donat, Matthias; Bartholomaeus, Jonathan; Thomas, Kendra; Nartova-Bochaver, Sofya
    The purpose of this study was to understand the complex relationships between belief in a just world (BJW), perceived control, perceived risk to self and others, and hopelessness among a globally diverse sample during the early stages of the COVID-19 pandemic. The just-world hypothesis suggests that people need to believe in a just world in which they get what they deserve and deserve what they get. Studies have shown that believing in a just world has an adaptive function for individuals. Samples from six countries completed an online questionnaire. A total of 1,250 people participated (934 female) and ages ranged from 16 to 84 years old (M = 36.3, SD = 15.5). The results showed that, when controlling for gender, age, country of residence, and being in a risk group for COVID-19 (e.g., smoker, old age, chronic disease etc.), a stronger personal and general BJW and higher perceived control over the COVID-19 pandemic predicted lower levels of hopelessness. How at-risk participants perceived themselves to be for COVID-19 positively predicted hopelessness, but how risky participants perceived the disease to be for others negatively predicted hopelessness. This study highlights how the distinction between self and others influences hopelessness and how BJW, especially personal BJW, can serve as a psychological resource during times of historic uncertainty.
  • [ X ]
    Öğe
    Cross-cultural generalisability of the belief in a just world: Factor analytic and psychometric evidence from six countries
    (Academic Press Inc Elsevier Science, 2023) Bartholomaeus, Jonathan; Kiral Ucar, Gozde; Donat, Matthias; Nartova-Bochaver, Sofya; Thomas, Kendra
    The belief in a just world (BJW) is theorised to be a universal personality disposition. In this study we contrast this notion with that of Justice Capital, which suggests that BJW varies based on the individual's justice expe-rience. We achieve this comparison via a psychometric analysis of the BJW scales across cultural and de-mographic groups. Invariance; equivalence of reliability metrics; differences in latent means; and consistency in construct validity-differential associations with perceived control, hopelessness, and optimism-were analysed across Germany, Russia, Australia, Brazil, Turkey, the USA, sex, age, income type, and economic status (n = 1250). Findings provide support for both the universality and malleability of BJW. We discuss how these findings advance BJW theorising and their important implications for BJW measurement.
  • [ X ]
    Öğe
    Students' Personal Belief in a Just World, Well-Being, and Academic Cheating: A Cross-National Study
    (Springer, 2020) Muenscher, Susan; Donat, Matthias; Kiral Ucar, Gozde
    A cross-national study with university students from Germany (n = 1135) and Turkey (n = 634) tested whether personal belief in a just world (PBJW) predicts students' life satisfaction and academic cheating. Based on the just-world theory and empirical findings in the school context, we expected university students with a stronger personal BJW to be more satisfied with their lives and cheat less than those with a weaker BJW. Further, we investigated the mediating role of justice experiences with lecturers and fellow students in these relations. Differences in PBJW directly and indirectly predicted undergraduates' life satisfaction. Students' justice experiences with peers mediated the relationship between PBJW and life satisfaction. Differences in PBJW indirectly predicted undergraduates' academic cheating. Students' justice experiences with lecturers mediated the relationship between PBJW and academic cheating. The results did not differ between German and Turkish students and persisted when we controlled for gender, start of studies, socially desirable responding, general BJW, and self-efficacy. We discussed the importance of personal BJW's adaptive functions and their relevance for international university research and practice.
  • [ X ]
    Öğe
    The role of environmental identity and individualism/collectivism in predicting climate change denial: Evidence from nine countries
    (Academic Press Ltd- Elsevier Science Ltd, 2022) Nartova-Bochaver, Sofya K.; Donat, Matthias; Kiral Ucar, Gozde; Korneev, Aleksei A.; Heidmets, Mati E.; Kamble, Shanmukh; Khachatryan, Narine
    Climate change is a global problem which requires a global response. However, climate change denial in many countries inhibits the ability to respond effectively. This cross-cultural correlational study investigates some global, cultural, and personal predictors of climate change denial. The sample included 2,751 respondents from nine countries: Armenia, China, Cuba, Estonia, India, Poland, Russia, Turkey, and Ukraine (Mage = 20.7, SDage = 4.0; 868 men, 1,883 women). The Environmental Identity scale, the Individualism-Collectivism scale, and the Denial of climate change scale were used. We found that, overall, climate change denial weakly negatively correlated with the country's individualism but environmental identity did not, and that climate change denial was negatively predicted by environmental identity, gender (lower in women), horizontal collectivism and individualism, and positively by vertical individualism. However, these links varied across countries, forming specific patterns. The results obtained may be helpful in guiding ecological education and social policy.