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    CYTOTOXIC AND GENOTOXIC EVALUATION OF SOME NEWLY SYNTHESIZED SULFONAMIDE DERIVATIVES
    (Parlar Scientific Publications (P S P), 2017) Sen, Selen; Berber, Ahmet Ali; Demirci, Tuna; Arslan, Mustafa; Aksoy, Huseyin
    In the present study, it was aimed to assess the genotoxic potentials of [4,4-Dimethyl-2,6dioxocyclohexylidene) methylamino) benzene sulfonamide] (2b) and [4-((1,3-Dimethy1-2,4,6trioxo-tetrahydropyrimidin-5(6H)-ylidene) methyla mino) benzenesulfonamide] (2e) compounds which were synthesized considering that they may be used as drug raw materials and detected to inhibit human carbonic anhydrase I, II isoenzymes. For this purpose, chromosomal aberration, micronucleus and comet tests were implemented in human peripheral blood lymphocytes. 2b was used at the concentrations of 2.12, 1.06, 0.53 mu g/mL. 2e was used at the concentrations of 2.52, 1.26, 0.63 mu g/mL for these in vitro assays. We observed that 2b and 2e had no significant difference in all our application doses for chromosomal abnormalities and micronucleus assay. 2b and 2e showed different responses for tail length, tail intensity and tail moment in Comet assay. 2b reduced the mitotic index in all concentrations in 48 h application compared to both control groups, whereas 2e only reduced mitotic index at 2.52 mu g/mL compared to negative control and in all concentrations compared to the solvent control. According to the obtained results, the test substances are cytotoxic at high concentrations and long-term exposure but they are not genotoxic in human peripheral lymphocytes.
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    Evaluation of the Antigenotoxic Effect of Quercetin Against Antiepileptic Drug Genotoxicity by Comet Analysis
    (2023) Canbolat, Fadime; Kenanoglu, Nihan Akıncı; Yuksel, Tugba Nurcan; Berber, Ahmet Ali
    Valproic acid (VPA) is among the most commonly used antiepileptic drugs in childhood and adult epilepsy. Although VPA is well tolerated, it can cause life-threatening side effects. VPA has toxic and genotoxic effects. Antioxidants can reverse drugs' toxic and genotoxic effects. Therefore, our study aimed to evaluate the antigenotoxic protective effect of quercetin (QUE) against VPA genotoxicity by in vitro comet assay analysis method. Comet assay analysis was performed in five different groups. Group I; negative control (Sterile H2O), Group II; positive control (H2O2), Group III; VPA was applied in four different dose ranges, Group IV; QUE was applied in four different dose ranges, Group V; For the simultaneous combined administration of VPA and QUE, three different doses of VPA + four different doses of QUE were administered. Low-dose administration of QUE was more effective in ameliorating the damage caused by low-dose VPA (62.5 ?g/ml) administration. It is seen that the genotoxic damage caused by the application of 125 ?g/ml VPA can be eliminated by QUE at all doses. It was determined that different doses of QUE exhibited a significant antigenotoxic effect against damage caused by 125 µg/mL VPA (P<0.05). In our study, the curative effect of QUE on DNA damage was determined by in vitro comet analysis. Our analysis results showed that QUE ameliorates VPA-induced genetic damage.
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    Genotoxic evaluation of polystyrene microplastic
    (2019) Berber, Ahmet Ali
    Pollution of the aquatic environment by microplastic could be having a massive impact onmarine life. As far as the dimensions of the microplastics decrease, the negative effects are alsoincreasing. In this study, the effects of 1 ?m diameter polystyrene microplastics (PSMs) onDaphnia magna and Neocaridina davidi were investigated. The acute toxicity test wasconducted on Daphnia magna. According to the test LC50 value was calculated as 808.97?g/mL. According to genotoxic evaluation on Neocaridina davidi with single cell gelelectrophoresis (Comet), tail length, tail intensity and tail moment were increased by PSMscompared to the control.
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    Polystyrene nanoplastics trigger toxicity on two different aquatic organisms (Brachionus plica til is, daphnia magna)
    (Parlar Scientific Publications, 2019) Berber, Ahmet Ali
    Micro and nano-sized plastic particles are found almost everywhere, especially the aquatic system and because of their size, they can be in-gested as food by many organisms and these plas-tics which enter the food chain, raise a great con-cern. In this study, the effects of 50 nm diameter of polystyrene nanoplastics (PNPs) on Brachionus plicatilis and Daphnia magna were investigated. The acute toxicity tests were conducted on Bra-chionus plicatilis. According to the tests LC50 value was determined as 1.22 mg/mL (0.34-15.13, 95% confidence limits). Three parameters, tail length, tail intensity and tail moment were evaluat-ed to detect genotoxic effect of PNPs on Daphnia magna with single cell gel electrophoresis (Comet). According to the result PNPs were increased three parameters compared to the control. As a result, PNPs have negative effects on both aquatic organ-isms Brachionus plicatilis and Daphnia magna. © 2019 Parlar Scientific Publications. All rights reserved.
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    POLYSTYRENE NANOPLASTICS TRIGGER TOXICITY ON TWO DIFFERENT AQUATIC ORGANISMS (BRACHIONUS PLICATILIS, DAPHNIA MAGNA)
    (Parlar Scientific Publications (P S P), 2019) Berber, Ahmet Ali
    Micro and nano-sized plastic particles are found almost everywhere, especially the aquatic system and because of their size, they can be ingested as food by many organisms and these plastics which enter the food chain, raise a great concern. In this study, the effects of 50 nm diameter of polystyrene nanoplastics (PNPs) on Brachionus plicatilis and Daphnia magna were investigated. The acute toxicity tests were conducted on Brachionus plicatilis. According to the tests LC50 value was determined as 1.22 mg / mL (0.34-15.13, 95% confidence limits). Three parameters, tail length, tail intensity and tail moment were evaluated to detect genotoxic effect of PNPs on Daphnia magna with single cell gel electrophoresis (Comet). According to the result PNPs were increased three parameters compared to the control. As a result, PNPs have negative effects on both aquatic organisms Brachionus plicatilis and Daphnia magna.
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    Potential Health Risks of Chloroacetanilide Herbicides: An In Silico Analysis
    (2023) Berber, Ahmet Ali; Demir, Şefika Nur; Kenanoğlu, Nihan Akıncı
    The extensive use of herbicidal products in agriculture and forestry has raised concerns over potential adverse effects on human health and the environment. Chloroacetanilide herbicides are a group of synthetic chemicals used to control weeds in agriculture and forestry. However, so[me of their members have been characterized as possible carcinogens. The genotoxicity and carcinogenicity of two chloroacetanilide herbicides, delachlor and xylachlor, are discussed. This article proposes to use tools to predict their potential toxicities based on their chemical structure. Four software tools, Vega Hub, Toxtree, Lazar, and TEST, are used to predict the potential genotoxic and carcinogenic effects of the herbicides. Vega Hub uses QSAR models, Toxtree uses a decision tree approach, Lazar uses data mining algorithms, and TEST uses QSAR methods to estimate toxicity. The canonical Simplified Molecular Input Line Entry Specification (SMILES) systems of delachlor and xylachlor are entered into each software tool to create a prediction. The study found that delachlor and xylachlor is a class 3 highly toxic compounds with potential mutagenic and carcinogenic effects based on Toxtree and Vega Hub. Meanwhile, Lazar and TEST predicted that delachlor and xylachlor are unlikely to be mutagenic. This study to determine the toxicity of the herbicides delachlor and xylachlor has shown that the possible effects of these herbicides on health and the environment need to be further investigated. The results provide valuable insights into chloroacetanilide herbicide toxicity and help develop safer, more environmentally friendly alternatives.
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    Prunus avium’dan ekstrakte edilen total antosiyaninlerin genoprotektif etkisi
    (2017) Berber, Ahmet Ali; Berber, Nurcan; Sönmez, Fatih; Demir, Taki; Aygün, Betül; Doğancı, Merve Ayşe; Aksoy, Hüseyin
    Kiraz (Prunus avium) antosiyanin gibi immün sistem için faydalı olan flavonoidler açısından oldukçazengin bir bitkidir. Bu çalışmada amaç Prunus avium’dan ekstrakte edilen total antosiyaninlerin (TAP) invitro antigenotoksik ve antisitotoksik etkilerini insan lenfositlerinde kromozomal anormallik (CA), tekhücre jel elektroforezi (Comet) ve Mikronükleus testleri (MN) ile değerlendirmektir. Çalışmamızda, insanlenfositlerinde mitomisin-C ve H2O2 ile indüklenen DNA hasarına karşı TAP’ın 50, 100, 200 and 400µg/mL’lik konsantrasyonlarının koruyucu etkisi gözlemlenmiştir. Ayrıca, pozitif, negatif ve çözücükontrol grupları da dahil edilmiştir. Pozitif kontrole göre TAP; 24 saatlik uygulamanın 200 ve 400µg/mL’lik, 48 saatlik uygulamanın ise tüm konsantrasyonlarında anormal hücre yüzdesini ve CA/hücrefrekansını istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bir şekilde azaltmıştır. Benzer şekilde TAP, mitotik indeksiistatistiksel olarak anlamlı bir şekilde 24 saatlik uygulamanın sadece 200 µg/mL’lik konsantrasyonundaartırırken, 48 saatlik uygulamanın ise tüm dozlarında (200 µg/mL’lik konsantrasyon hariç) artırmıştır. Busonuçlara paralel olarak TAP, MN frekansını da pozitif kontrole göre tüm konsantrasyonlarda istatistikselolarak anlamlı bir şekilde azaltmıştır. Comet testinde yapılan TAP uygulamasıyla tüm dozlarda kuyrukuzunluğu, kuyruk momenti ve kuyruk yoğunluğunda da anlamlı bir azalma olduğu gözlemlenmiştir. Eldeedilen bu sonuçlara göre, TAP’ın mitomisin-C ve H2O2 gibi genotoksik ajanlara karşı potansiyelantisitotoksik ve antigenotoksik koruyucu bir etkiye sahip olduğu gösterilmiştir.
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    TOXICOLOGICAL EFFECT OF POLYETHYLENE MICROSPHERE ON BRACHIONUS PLICATILIS AND DAPHNIA MAGNA
    (Parlar Scientific Publications (P S P), 2018) Berber, Ahmet Ali; Yurtsever, Meral
    Pollution of the aquatic environment by micro plastic could be having a massive impact on marine life. As far as the dimensions of the microplastics decrease, the negative effects are also increasing. In this study, the effects of 10-22 mu m diameter fluorescent polyethylene microplastics (PEMs) on Brachionus plicatilis and Daphnia magna were investigated. The acute toxicity and population growth test were conducted on Brachionus plicatilis. According to the tests LC50 value was calculated as 0.764 mg/mL (0.4-1.458, 95% confidence limits). Statistically significant differences were found in the 90 hour population growth test compared to the control. According to genotoxic evaluation on Daphnia magna with single cell gel electrophoresis (Comet), tail length, tail intensity and tail moment were increased by PEMs compared to the control. In conclusion, PEMs (10-22 mu m) have negative effects on both aquatic organisms Brachionus plicatilis and Daphnia magna.
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    Uluabat Gölü Su Kirliliğine Bağlı Olarak Cyprinus carpio ve Silurus glanis’teki Genetik Hasar Düzeyinin Belirlenmesi
    (2021) Berber, Ahmet Ali; Emre, Nesrin; Güneş, Merve; Yalcin, Burcin; Pak, Faruk; Aktaş, Özgür; Bulut, Cafer
    Yeryüzünde gerek insan gerekse suda yaşayan organizmaların yaşamlarının devamlılığı açısından temiz su kaynakları giderek azalmaktadır. Tarımsal faaliyetler, sanayi atıkları ve evsel atıklardan kaynaklı gibi birçok kirletici suların kirlenmesine neden olmaktadır. Farklı kaynaklardan sulara karışan toksikantlar nedeniyle sularda yaşayan organizmalarda çeşitli genetik hasarlar ortaya çıkabilmektedir. Genetik materyaldeki hasarlar, sucul organizmaların adaptasyon kapasitesinde düşüş ve avcıdan kaçış gibi davranışlarda yetersizlik gibi yaşamsal önemde sorun yaratabilmektedir. Bu nedenle, organizmanın hayatta kalabilme yeterliliğinin korunabilmesi için genetik materyalin stabilitesi önemlidir. Bu çalışmada Uluabat Gölü’ndeki genotoksik potansiyel,farklı lokaliteden toplanan Cyprinus carpio (Sazan balığı) ve Silurus glanis (Yayın balığı) üzerinde tek hücre alkali jel elektroforezi (KOMET) ve mikronukleus (MN) teknikleri ile değerlendirilmiştir. Elde edilen sonuçlara göre Uluabat Gölü’nde ilkbahar ve yaz mevsimlerinde alınan kan örneklerindeki genotoksisite potansiyeli kış mevsimine göre yüksek bulunmuştur. Ayrıca su ve sedimente ait 9 farklı ağır metalin (Pb, Cd, Hg, As, Ni, Cr, Cu, Zn ve Mn) birikim düzeyleri analiz edilmiştir. Balık dokularında yapılan analiz sonuçlarına göre Hg kasta, As ve Zn böbrekte, Pb, Cd, Ni, Cr, Cu ve Mn karaciğerde daha fazla birikim gözlenmiştir.