Yazar "Antika, Gizem" seçeneğine göre listele
Listeleniyor 1 - 10 / 10
Sayfa Başına Sonuç
Sıralama seçenekleri
Öğe Cocoa and cocoa bean shells role in human health: An updated review(Academic Press Inc., 2021) Çınar, Zeynep Özlem; Atanassova, Maria; Boyuneğmez Tümer, Tuğba; Caruso, Gianluca; Antika, GizemCocoa is derived from the seeds of Theobroma cacao L., an evergreen tree typical of tropical regions. It contains numerous phytochemicals, with polyphenols representing the largest groups of compounds inside the seed, and has been implicated in numerous biological properties, such as antioxidant, antiproliferative, antiapoptotic, anti-inflammatory, anti-cancer. Moreover, cocoa has been investigated in different health conditions, including heart diseases, dyspepsia, nervous system diseases, circulation problems, and many others. Given its high consumption in many countries all over the world, it is important to know and understand its effects on human health. In addition, the cocoa bean shell, a by-product of the process of cocoa preparation, has been gaining remarkable interest due to its high content of phytochemicals. This review summarizes the available literature and works on the health benefits of cocoa and cocoa bean shells. Moreover, the current review focuses on studies investigating their possible therapeutic roles in cancer and the underlining potential mechanisms of action.Öğe Diplazium esculentum (Retz.) Sw.: Ethnomedicinal, Phytochemical, and Pharmacological Overview of the Himalayan Ferns(Hindawi Limited, 2021) Semwal, Prabhakar; Painuli, Sakshi; Painuli, Kartik M.; Antika, Gizem; Boyuneğmez Tümer, Tuğba; Thapliyal, AshishThe genus Diplazium (family: Athyriaceae) comprises approximately 350 species of pteridophytes. Diplazium esculentum (Retz.) Sw. is an important member of this genus and commonly known as a wild vegetable in the Himalayan and sub-Himalayan communities. According to the literature analysis, D. esculentum was traditionally used for the prevention or treatment of several diseases such as diabetes, smallpox, asthma, diarrhea, rheumatism, dysentery, headache, fever, wounds, pain, measles, hypertension, constipation, oligospermia, bone fracture, and glandular swellings. Various extracts of D. esculentum were evaluated to elucidate their phytochemical and pharmacological activities. A wide array of pharmacological properties such as antioxidant, antimicrobial, antidiabetic, immunomodulatory, CNS stimulant, and antianaphylactic activities have been recognized in different parts of D. esculentum. The review covers a systematic examination of pharmacognosy, phytochemistry, and pharmacological applications of D. esculentum, but scientifically, it is not fully assessed regarding complete therapeutic effects, toxicity, and safety in the human body. The published literature on D. esculentum and its therapeutic properties were collected from different search engines including Wiley online, PubMed, Springer Link, Scopus, Science Direct, Web of Science, Google Scholar, and ACS publications by using specific terms such as "Diplazium esculentum, bioactive compounds, biological activities and health benefits"from 1984 to 2021 (March). Therefore, further studies are required to identify the detailed action mechanism of D. esculentum in vitro/in vivo, and also, more studies should focus on conservation, cultivation, and sustainable utilization of the species.Öğe Effects of Strigolactones on NLRP3 Activation, Nitrosative Stress, and Antioxidant Mox Phenotype: In Vitro and In Silico Evidence(Amer Chemical Soc, 2024) Antika, Gizem; Cinar, Zeynep Ozlem; Donmez, Serhat; Secen, Esma; Ozbil, Mehmet; Prandi, Cristina; Tumer, Tugba BoyunegmezPhytohormones have significant roles in redox metabolism, inflammatory responses, and cellular survival mechanisms within the microenvironment of the mammalian brain. Herein, we identified the mammalian molecular targets of three representative strigolactone (SL) analogues structurally derived from apocarotenoids and the functional equivalent of plant hormones. All tested SL analogues have an inhibitory effect on NLRP3 inflammasome-mediated IL-1 beta release in murine microglial cells. However, IND and EGO10 became prominent among them due to their high potency at low micromolar doses. All SL analogues dose-dependently suppressed the release and expression of proinflammatory factors. For EGO10 and IND, IC50 values for iNOS-associated NO secretion were as low as 1.72 and 1.02 mu M, respectively. In silico analyses revealed that (S)-EGO10 interacted with iNOS, NLRP3, and Keap1 ligands with the highest binding affinities among all stereoisomeric SL analogues. Although all compounds were effective in microglial Mox phenotype polarization, 4-Br-debranone exhibited a differential pattern for upregulating Nrf2-driven downstream enzymes.Öğe Elucidation of the therapeutic action mechanisms of strigolactones against neuroinflammatory diseases: Potential inhibitory effects on NLRP3 inflammasome and microglia activation(Çanakkale Onsekiz Mart Üniversitesi, Lisansüstü Eğitim Enstitüsü, 2022) Antika, Gizem; Tümer, TuğbaNöroinflamasyon süreci, zararlı bir uyarana karşı öncelikle Merkezi Sinir Sistemi (MSS)'nin bağışıklık hücreleri olan mikroglia tarafından yönlendirilir. Mikroglial hücrelerin uzun süreli aktivasyonu beynin mikroçevresinde kronik düşük dereceli dejenerasyona neden olabilir. Bu inflamatuar döngü sonunda nöronal bozulmaya ve hücre ölümüne yol açabilir. Kronik inflamasyonun sürecinin hızlanmasına sebep olan önemli mekanizmalardan biri de pro-IL-1β'nin proteolitik olarak aktifleşmesine yol açan ve sonunda proinflamatuar hücre ölümü ile sonuçlanan NLRP3 inflamazom aktivasyonudur. Aktifleşen mikroglial hücrelerin proinflamatuar yanıtının yanı sıra, antiinflamatuar M2 ve antioksidan Mox fenotipleri olarak bilinen alternatif aktifleşmiş mikroglial fenotipleri vardır. Ayrıca, mikroglial hücreler, nöronal rejenerasyonu teşvik etmek için BDNF gibi nörotrofinler üretebilir. Strigolaktonlar (SL), karotenoid türevli lakton moleküllerinden oluşan fitohormonlardır. 2020 yılında yayınlanmış bir çalışmamız, model SL analoğu GR24'ün memeli beyin hücreleri üzerindeki anti-nöroinflamatuar etkisinin ilk kanıtını sunmuştur. Bu tez çalışmasının sonuçlarına göre, SL analoglarından IND ve EGO10'un çok düşük dozlarda NLRP3 aracılı IL-1β salgılanımı üzerinde gösterdikleri güçlü inhibitör etkileri, bu bileşiklerin ileride MSS ile ilgili hastalıklar için NLRP3 inhibitörü olabileceklerini düşündürmektedir. Dört SL analoğu, özellikle 4Br-debranone, Nrf2 sinyal yolağını mRNA seviyesinde teşvik ederek mikroglial hücrelerin M1 fenotipten Mox fenotipine polarize olmasını sağlamıştır. GR24'ün BDNF ile ilişkili antiinflamatuar etkisi ve mikroglia aracılı nörotoksisiteye karşı gösterdiği nöroprotektif etkisi de bu çalışma ile açıklanmıştır. Bu sonuçlar SL'lerin nöroinflamasyona karşı aday terapötik ajanlar olarak geliştirilebileceğini göstermektedir.Öğe Insights on the Use of ?-Lipoic Acid for Therapeutic Purposes(Mdpi, 2019) Salehi, Bahare; Yilmaz, Yakup Berkay; Antika, Gizem; Tumer, Tugba Boyunegmez; Mahomoodally, Mohamad Fawzi; Lobine, Devina; Akram, Muhammadalpha-lipoic acid (ALA, thioctic acid) is an organosulfur component produced from plants, animals, and humans. It has various properties, among them great antioxidant potential and is widely used as a racemic drug for diabetic polyneuropathy-associated pain and paresthesia. Naturally, ALA is located in mitochondria, where it is used as a cofactor for pyruvate dehydrogenase (PDH) and alpha-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase complexes. Despite its various potentials, ALA therapeutic efficacy is relatively low due to its pharmacokinetic profile. Data suggests that ALA has a short half-life and bioavailability (about 30%) triggered by its hepatic degradation, reduced solubility as well as instability in the stomach. However, the use of various innovative formulations has greatly improved ALA bioavailability. The R enantiomer of ALA shows better pharmacokinetic parameters, including increased bioavailability as compared to its S enantiomer. Indeed, the use of amphiphilic matrices has capability to improve ALA bioavailability and intestinal absorption. Also, ALA's liquid formulations are associated with greater plasma concentration and bioavailability as compared to its solidified dosage form. Thus, improved formulations can increase both ALA absorption and bioavailability, leading to a raise in therapeutic efficacy. Interestingly, ALA bioavailability will be dependent on age, while no difference has been found for gender. The present review aims to provide an updated on studies from preclinical to clinical trials assessing ALA's usages in diabetic patients with neuropathy, obesity, central nervous system-related diseases and abnormalities in pregnancy.Öğe Looking at NSAIDs from a historical perspective and their current status in drug repurposing for cancer treatment and prevention(Springer Science and Business Media Deutschland GmbH, 2023) Özleyen, Adem; Yılmaz, Yakup Berkay; Dönmez, Serhat; Atalay, Hazal Nazlıcan; Antika, Gizem; Boyuneğmez Tümer, TuğbaNon-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are one of the most frequently prescribed drug classes with wide therapeutic applications over the centuries. Starting from the use of salicylate-containing willow leaves to the recent rise and fall of highly selective cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) inhibitors and the latest dual-acting anti-inflammatory molecules, they have displayed a rapid and ongoing evolution. Despite the enormous advances in the last twenty years, investigators are still in search of the design and development of more potent and safer therapy against inflammatory conditions. This challenge has been increasingly attractive as the emergence of inflammation as a common seed and unifying mechanism for most chronic diseases. Indeed, this fact put the NSAIDs in the spotlight for repurposing against inflammation-related disorders. This review attempts to present a historical perspective on the evolution of NSAIDs, regarding their COX-dependent/independent mode of actions, structural and mechanism-based classifications, and adverse effects. Additionally, a systematic review of previous studies was carried out to show the current situation in drug repurposing, particularly in cancers associated with the GI tract such as gastric and colorectal carcinoma. In the case of non-GI-related cancers, preclinical studies elucidating the effects and modes of action were collected and summarized.Öğe Multitarget Profiling of a Strigolactone Analogue for Early Events of Alzheimer's Disease: In Vitro Therapeutic Activities against Neuroinflammation(Amer Chemical Soc, 2020) Kurt, Begum; Ozleyen, Adem; Antika, Gizem; Yilmaz, Yakup Berkay; Tumer, Tugba BoyunegmezNeuropathological changes in Alzheimer's disease (AD) are directly linked to the early inflammatory microenvironment in the brain. Therefore, disease-modifying agents targeting neuroinflammation may open up new avenues in the treatment of AD. Strigolactones (SLs), subclasses of structurally diverse and biologically active apocarotenoids, have been recently identified as novel phytohormones. In spite of the remarkable anticancer capacity shown by SLs, their effects on the brain remained unexplored. Herein, the SIM-A9 microglial cell line was used as a phenotypic screening tool to search for the representative SL, GR24, demonstrating marked potency in the suppression of lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced neuroinflammatory/neurotoxic mediators by regulating NF-kappa B, Nrf2, and PPAR gamma signaling. GR24 also in the brain endothelial cell line bEnd.3 mitigated the LPS-increased permeability as evidenced by reduced Evans' blue extravasation through enhancing the expression of tight junction protein, occludin. Collectively, the present work shows the anti-neuroinflammatory and glia/neuroprotective properties of GR24, making SLs promising scaffolds for the development of novel anti-AD candidates.Öğe Paving Luteolin Therapeutic Potentialities and Agro-FoodPharma Applications: Emphasis on In Vivo Pharmacological Effects and Bioavailability Traits(Hindawi, 2021) Taheri, Yasaman; Sharifi-Rad, Javad; Antika, Gizem; Yılmaz, Yakup Berkay; Boyuneğmez Tümer, Tuğba; Abuhamdah, SawsanLuteolin is a naturally occurring secondary metabolite belonging to the class of flavones. As many other natural flavonoids, it is often found in combination with glycosides in many fruits, vegetables, and plants, contributing to their biological and pharmacological value. Many preclinical studies report that luteolin present excellent antioxidant, anticancer, antimicrobial, neuroprotective, cardioprotective, antiviral, and anti-inflammatory effects, and as a consequence, various clinical trials have been designed to investigate the therapeutic potential of luteolin in humans. However, luteolin has a very limited bioavailability, which consequently affects its biological properties and efficacy. Several drug delivery strategies have been developed to raise its bioavailability, with nanoformulations and lipid carriers, such as liposomes, being the most intensively explored. Pharmacological potential of luteolin in various disorders has also been underlined, but to some of them, the exact mechanism is still poorly understood. Given the great potential of this natural antioxidant in health, this review is aimed at providing an extensive overview on the in vivo pharmacological action of luteolin and at stressing the main features related to its bioavailability, absorption, and metabolism, while essential steps determine its absolute health benefits and safety profiles. In addition, despite the scarcity of studies on luteolin bioavailability, the different drug delivery formulations developed to increase its bioavailability are also listed here.Öğe Phytochemical constituents, biological activities, and health-promoting effects of the genus Origanum(John Wiley and Sons Ltd, 2021) Sharifi-Rad, Mehdi; Yılmaz, Yakup Berkay; Antika, Gizem; Salehi, Bahare; Boyuneğmez Tümer, TuğbaOriganum species are mostly distributed around the Mediterranean, Euro-Siberian, and Iran-Siberian regions. Since time immemorial, the genus has popularly been used in Southern Europe, as well as on the American continent as a spice now known all over the world under the name “oregano” or “pizza-spice.” Origanum plants are also employed to prepare bitter tinctures, wines, vermouths, beer, and kvass. The major components of Origanum essential oil are various terpenes, phenols, phenolic acids, and flavonoids with predominant occurrence of carvacrol and thymol (with reasonable amounts of p-cymen and -terpinene) or of terpinene-4-ol, linalool, and sabinene hydrate. Many species of Origanum genus are used to treat kidney, digestive, nervous, and respiratory disorders, spasms, sore throat, diabetes, lean menstruation, hypertension, cold, insomnia, toothache, headache, epilepsy, urinary tract infections, etc. Origanum essential oil showed potent bioactivities owing to its major constituents' carvacrol, thymol, and monoterpenes. Several preclinical studies evidenced its pharmacological potential as antiproliferative or anticancer, antidiabetic, antihyperlipidemic, anti-obesity, renoprotective, antiinflammatory, vasoprotective, cardioprotective, antinociceptive, insecticidal, and hepatoprotective properties. Its nanotechnological applications as a promising pharmaceutical in order to enhance the solubility, physicochemical stability, and the accumulation rate of its essential oils have been investigated. However, Origanum has been reported causing angioedema, perioral dermatitis, allergic reaction, inhibition of platelet aggregation, hypoglycemia, and abortion. Conclusive evidences are still required for its clinical applications against human medical conditions. Toxicity analyses and risk assessment will aid to its safe and efficacious application. In addition, elaborate structure–activity studies are needed to explore the potential use of Origanum-derived phytochemicals as promising drug candidates.Öğe Strigolactone Analogs: Two New Potential Bioactiphores for Glioblastoma(Amer Chemical Soc, 2022) Antika, Gizem; Cinar, Zeynep Ozlem; Secen, Esma; Ozbil, Mehmet; Tokay, Esra; Kockar, Feray; Prandi, CristinaStrigolactones (SLs), carotenoid-derived phytohormones, control the plant response and signaling pathways for stressful conditions. In addition, they impact numerous cellular processes in mammalians and present new scaffolds for various biomedical applications. Recent studies demonstrated that SLs possess potent antitumor activity against several cancer cells. Herein, we sought to elucidate the inhibitory effects of SL analogs on the growth and survival of human brain tumor cell lines. Among four tested SLs, we showed for the first time that two lead bioactiphores, indanone-derived SL and EGO10, can inhibit cancer cell proliferation, induce apoptosis, and induce G1 cell cycle arrest at low concentrations. SL analogs were marked by increased expression of Bax/Caspase-3 genes and downregulation of Bcl-2. In silico studies were conducted to identify drug-likeness, blood-brain barrier penetrating properties, and molecular docking with Bcl-2 protein. Taken together, this study indicates that SLs may be promising antiglioma agents, presenting novel pharmacophores for further preclinical and clinical assessment.
