Cardio-intestinal inflammatory syndromes: What do we know for understanding this new entity?

Abstract

As physicians and researchers specialising in a particular field, we sometimes evaluate diseases only within the limits of our own area of expertise and forget to look at the big picture. In this context, we read with interest the article by Peretto et al. describing this new entity cardio-intestinal inflammatory syndrome, which may be related to increased cytokine levels especially tumour necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha, interleukin (IL)-6 and IL-1 and disruption of the gut microbiota.