Journal of Advanced Research in Natural and Applied Sciences (2015-Halen)
Bu koleksiyon için kalıcı URI
Güncel Gönderiler
Öğe Comparison of Different Nutrients in Egg Production of Ephestia kuehniella Zeller (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae)(Çanakkale Onsekiz Mart Üniversitesi, 2021) Türkoğlu, Asude; Özpınar, AliIn the production of Ephestia kuehniella, the use of suitable nutrients is very important for mass production. In this study, some biological properties of Ephestia kuehniella were compared between control (500 g wheat flour, +500 g wheat bran) and diet mixtures; No.1 (250 g wheat bran +250 g corn flour), No.2(225 g wheat bran + 225 g cornmeal + 50 g fish meal), No.3 (213 g wheat bran +212 g cornmeal + 75 g fish meal), No. 4 (200 g wheat bran +200 g cornmeal + 100 g fish meal ), No.5 (188 g wheat bran +188 g cornmeal + 125 g fish meal) and No.6 (175 g wheat bran + 175 g corn meal + 150 g fish meal), which were prepared by keeping the amount of wheat flour in the diet same (500 gr). As the result of the experiment, Ephestia kuehniella adult flight period was best in the diet No. 2 (2000 adults). The heaviest larvae were found in diet No.5 (29.0 mg), pupa in diet No.1 (22.4 mg), adult diet No.2 (19.5 mg), and eggs in diet No.6 (36 mg). It was observed that the adults from diet No.6 food lived significantly longer (10.48 days) compared to the others and it was determined that the number of eggs were slightly higher in diet No.5 than the other diets (465.63 eggs). The shortest egg development period was on diet No.1 (2.15 days), the shortest larval development period was on diet No.3 (25.7 days) and the shortest pupal development period was on diet No.6 (9.6 days). The differences between values are generally found to be statistically significant. Ephestia kuehniella üretiminde uygun besin kullanılması kitle üretim için oldukça önemlidir. Bu çalışmada Ephestia kuehniella’nın bazı biyolojik özelliklerikontrol (500 g buğday unu, +500 g buğday kepeği),ve besinde buğday unu miktarı sabit tutularakoluşturulan 1 nolu (250 gbuğday kepeği +250 g mısır unu), 2 nolu (225 gbuğday kepeği +225 g mısır unu+ 50 g balık unu),3 nolu (213 g buğday kepeği +212 g mısır unu+ 75 g nbalık unu), 4 nolu (200 gbuğday kepeği +200 g mısır unu+ 100 g balık unu) 5 nolu (188 gbuğday kepeği +188 g mısır unu+ 125 g balık unu) ve6 nolu (175 gbuğday kepeği +175 g mısır unu+ 150 g balık unu) besinlerde karşılaştırılmıştır. Deneme sonucunda Ephestia kuehniella ergin uçuş periyodu en iyi sonuç veren 2 no’lu (2000 ergin) besin olmuştur. En ağır larva 5 no’lu (29.0 mg) besinde, pupa 1 no’lu (22.4 mg) besinde, ergin 2 no’lu (19.5 mg) besinde ve yumurta ise 6 no’lu (36 mg) besinde yetiştirilenlerde bulundu.6 no’lu besinde elde edilen erginlerin diğerlerine göre önemli oranda daha uzun (10.48 gün) yaşadığı görülmüş ve 5 no’lu besinde bıraktığı yumurta sayısı (465.63 adet) bakımından önemli diğer besinlerden bir miktar yüksek oldukları belirlenmiştir. Yumurta gelişme süresini en kısa sürede tamamlayan 1 no’lu (2.15 gün) besin, larva gelişme süresini en kısa sürede tamamlayan 3 no’lu (25.7 gün) besin ve pupa gelişme süresini en kısa sürede tamamlayan 6 no’lu (9.6 gün) besin olduğu belirlenmiştir. Değerler arasındaki farklar genellikle istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bulunmuştur.Öğe Phylogenetic Analysis and Extracellular Enzyme Profiles of Yeast Strains Isolated from Raspberry Fruits(Çanakkale Onsekiz Mart Üniversitesi, 2021) Genc, Tulay Turgut; Günay, MelihRaspberry fruit contains phenolic compounds, flavones, flavonoids, vitamins, and antioxidant substances that are important properties for health and pharmacological sciences. Edible berries provide also a suitable habitat for the growth of various microorganisms. In this study, yeast biota associated with raspberry fruits was determined by molecular identification techniques. Raspberry fruits were collected from Çanakkale, Gelibolu (Gallipoli). Yeast strains were isolated and then identified by using the analysis of ITS1-5.8S-ITS2 rDNA gene sequences. The phylo-genetic analysis of all yeast strains was carried out by using the MEGA–X phylogenetic analysis tool. The extracel-lular enzyme profiles of identified yeast species were determined by the API-ZYM kit system. The distribution of yeast species on the raspberry fruits was determined as Hanseniaspora uvarum, Metschnikowia viticola, Aureo-basidium pullulans, and Metschnikowia pulcherrima. It was observed that yeast strains belong to Metschnikowia genus were dominant on raspberry fruits. All yeast strains in Metschnikowia genus showed different enzyme pro-files against seven extracellular enzymes. These enzymes may be the discriminatory enzymes for the yeast strains in the Metschnikowia genus. When the phylogenetic relationships among all yeast strains were investigated, all strains were divided into two main clades. While the first clade consists of only Metschnikowia genus, second clade includes H. uvarum and A. pullulans yeast species. Our results indicated that restriction patterns and also extracel-lular enzyme profiles could be utilized for differentiation of yeast strains within the genus. M. pulcherrima, H. uvarum, and A. pullulans can be used for industrial applications for future researches.Öğe Analysis of Basic Hazard Parameters Before and After the February 6, 2017 Ayvacik Earthquake (Mw=5.4)(Çanakkale Onsekiz Mart Üniversitesi, 2021) Gezer, Ayşe; Bekler, TolgaThe Biga Peninsula, which has the most complex tectonic segments of the northwestern Aegean region, shows a remarkable dense seismicity. The earthquake hazard analysis of medium and large earthquakes occurred at differ-ent periods for the peninsula and its vicinity is the basis of this study. The basic earthquake parameters those are generally known as a and b-values, were determined, and evaluated for the earthquakes M> 2 during the instrumental period earthquake catalog, which is the database of this study. A homogenous earthquake catalog combined of two institutions COMU and KOERI data, which are quite dense and have high solution quality, play a remarkable role in this study. It was observed that the dense seismic activity after the earthquake that initiated in the event of Mw = 5.4 on February 6, 2017, especially in Ayvacik and its close vicinity, and which has been continuing, was clustered around Tuzla deformation zone in an area of approximately 25x10 km. Probabilistic parameters including b-value which can be related with local tectonic structures and stress states before and after this earthquake were also evaluated. In the short and long term, the decreasing and increasing tendencies of these parameters before and after the main shock were examined spatially and temporally in addition to local and regional dominant stress-es, heterogeneity in the upper crust and the contribution of the geothermal resources to the seismicity and seism tectonic structure. Considering the spatial density of earthquakes towards to Saroz-Ayvacık-Edremit, the pre-earthquake b-values increased inversely with the stresses, and then this decline in behavior was distinguished in the 2014 and 2017 earthquake sequences Kuzeybatı Ege bölgesinin en karmaşık tektonik unsurlarını barındıran Biga Yarımadası oldukça yoğun bir dep-remsellik gösterir. Bu yarımada ve yakın çevresi için farklı dönemlerde meydana gelen orta ve büyük depremlerin deprem tehlikesi analizi, çalışmanın temelini oluşturmaktadır. Temel deprem parametreleri olarak da bilinen a ve b-değerleri bu çalışmanın veri tabanı olan aletsel dönem deprem kataloğundaki M>2 için belirlenmiş ve değerlendi-rilmiştir. Bu çalışmada, ÇOMÜ) ve KRDAE tarafından işletilen deprem istasyonları ve buna bağlı yüksek kaliteli faz okumaları sonucuna dayalı ortak bir deprem kataloğu kullanılmıştır. Ayvacık başta olmak üzere ve yakın çevresinde 6 Şubat 2017’de meydana gelen Mw=5.4 büyüklüğündeki deprem ile başlayan ve süreklilik gösteren deprem sonrası aktivitenin Tuzla deformasyon zonu çevresinde yaklaşık 25x10 km’lik bir alanda kümelendiği gözlenmiştir. Bu deprem öncesi ve sonrası yerel tektonik yapılar ve gerilme durumları ile ilişkilendirilebilecek başta b-değeri olmak üzere olasılıksal parametreler de değerlendirilmiştir. Kısa ve uzun dönemde bu parametrelerin ana deprem öncesi ve sonrası azalım ve artış eğilimleri yerel ve bölgesel hâkim gerilmelerin yanında üst kabuktaki heterojenite ve jeotermal kaynaklar da göz önünde bulundurularak sismisite ve sismotektonik yapıya katkısı ve ilişkisi uzaysal ve zamansal olarak incelenmiştir. Saroz-Ayvacık-Edremit doğrultusunda alansal olarak deprem verisi yoğunluğu dikkate alındığında b-değerlerinin gerilmelerle ters orantılı olarak deprem öncesi artışı ve akabin-de de bu davranış azalımı 2014 ve 2017 depremleri ile kendisini göstermiştir.Öğe Kinematic and Seismotectonic Properties of Sındırgı Fault and Düvertepe Fault Zone Surroundings: West Anatolia (Turkey)(Çanakkale Onsekiz Mart Üniversitesi, 2020) Gündoğdu, Erdem; Ozden, Suha; Bekler, TolgaIn this study; Sındırgı Segment of the Simav Fault Zone consisting of 7 segments and Düvertepe Fault Zone and its vicinity located to the north of this fault, Its kinematic and seismotectonic properties have been studied.From 21 stations, kinematic analysis results for a total of 160 fault planes were assessed together and 4 different tectonic regimes were determined from older to younger as; (i) (SS1a) with transtensional features, (?1)=231°/20°, (?3)=297°/24°, Rm=0.340 calculated and compression (?1)=N51°E regime; (ii) (SS1b) with normal faulting ( (?3)=312°/11° calculated and extensional direction (?3)=N48°W regime; (iii) (SS2) with transpressional features (?1)=301°/15°, (?3)=237°/17°, Rm=0.612 calculated and compression (?1)=N59°W regime; and (iv) the youngest tectonic regime observed in the study area represented by normal faulting (SS3), (?3)=233°/8° calculated and extension direction (?3)=N53°E regime. While these tectonic regime types (deformation phases) are distinguished from each other; the directions of the principal stress axes obtained from the kinematic analysis result, ratios between principal stress axes, fault plane data overlapping each other in the field, intersecting fault-slip data, medium to large scale structures on the field, comparisons with similar and same age fields, geodynamic evolution of Western Anatolia, comparisons made with similar studies on this subject used. Further evidence that the youngest tectonic regime of SS3 is currently effective is the focal mechanism solutions for earthquakes occurring in recent years. According to focal mechanism solutions for 12 earthquakes occurring in the study area (?3)=211°/2°, with the extensional direction in the region (?3)=N31°E. This data shows an extensional regime in NNE-SSW orientation is dominant currently. This situation complies with the extensional regime currently effective in W-SW Anatolia Bu çalışmada; toplam 7 segmentten oluşan Simav Fay Zonu’nun Sındırgı Segmenti ile bu fayın kuzeyinde yer alan Düvertepe Fay Zonu ve civarının kinematik ve sismotektonik özellikleri incelenmiştir. 21 istasyondan, toplam 160 fay düzleminden oluşan kinematik analiz sonuçları birlikte değerlendirildiğinde, belirlenen 4 farklı tektonik rejim yaşlıdan gence doğru sırasıyla; (i) transtansiyonel özellik sunan (SS1a), (?1)=231°/20°, (?3)=297°/24°, Rm=0.340 olarak hesaplanan ve sıkışmanın (?1)=K51°D olduğu, (ii) normal faylarla temsil edilen (SS1b), (?3)=312°/11° olarak hesaplanan ve genişleme yönünün (?3)=K48°B olduğu, (iii) transpresyonel özellik sunan (SS2), (?1)=301°/15°, (?3)=237°/17°, Rm=0.612 olarak hesaplanan ve sıkışmanın (?1)=K59°B olduğu (iv) en genç tektonik rejim türü olan, normal faylarla temsil edilen (SS3), (?3)=233°/8° olarak hesaplanan ve genişleme yönünün (?3)=K53°D olduğu rejimdir. Bu rejim türleri (deformasyon evreleri) birbirinde ayırt edilirken; kinematik analiz sonucundan elde edilen asal gerilme eksenlerinin yönleri, asal gerilme eksenleri arasındaki oranlar, sahada birbirini üzerleyen fay düzlemi verileri, birbirini kesen fay-atım verileri, sahadaki orta-büyük ölçekli yapılar, benzer ve aynı yaştaki sahalarla yapılan karşılaştırmalar, Batı Anadolu’nun jeodinamik evrimi, bu konuda yapılmış olan benzer çalışmalarla yapılan karşılaştırmalar kullanılmıştır. En genç tektonik rejim türü olan SS3’ün, günümüzde etkin olduğunun bir diğer kanıtı ise, son yıllarda meydana gelen depremlerin odak (faylanma) mekanizması çözümleridir. Çalışma alanında meydana gelen 12 depremin odak mekanizması çözümlerine göre, (?3)=211°/2°, bölgedeki genişleme yönünün (?3)=K31°D olduğu şeklindedir. Bu veri, günümüzde KKD-GGB yönünde bir genişleme rejiminin baskın olduğunu göstermektedir. Bu durum, günümüzde Batı Anadolu’da etkin olan genişleme rejiminin yönleriyle de uyum içindedir.Öğe Boundary Extraction Based on Dual Stream Deep Learning Model in High Resolution Remote Sensing Images(Çanakkale Onsekiz Mart Üniversitesi, 2021) Akçay, Özgün; Kınacı, A. Cumhur; Avşar, Emin Özgür; Aydar, UmutBoundary extraction in remote sensing has an important task in studies such as environmental observa-tion, risk management and monitoring urban growth. Although significant progress has been made in the different calculation methods proposed, there are issues that need improvement, especially in terms of accuracy, efficiency and speed. In this study, dual stream network architecture of three different models that can obtain boundary extraction by using normalized Digital Surface Model (nDSM), Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) and Near-Infrared (IR) band as the second stream, was explained. Model I is designed as the original HED, whereas the second stream of Model II, III, and IV use nDSM, nDSM + NDVI and nDSM + NDVI + IR, respectively. Thus, by comparing the models trained based on different data combinations, the contribution of different input data to the success of boundary extraction was revealed. For the training of the models, boundary maps produced from The International Society for Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing (ISPRS) Potsdam data set and input datasets augmented by rotation, mirroring and rotation were used. When the test results obtained from two-stream and multi-data-based models are evaluated, 11% better accuracy has achieved with Model IV compared to the original HED. The outcomes clearly revealed the importance of using multispectral band, height data and vegetation information as input data in boundary extraction beside commonly used RGB images.Öğe Çanakkale Boğazı, Özbek Denizel SekisiOluşum Yaşı için ESR Tekniği ile bir Ön Değerlendirme(Çanakkale Onsekiz Mart Üniversitesi, 2020) Komut, Tolga; Kapan, SevinçÇalışmamızda incelediğimiz Özbek denizel sekisi deniz kıyısından 4 km içeride olup Çanakkale boğazı civarında, tespit edilen diğer denizel sekilere nispetle en yüksekte olanıdır. Marmara kıyılarında da yaygın olarak görülen denizel sekilerin oluşmasına sebebiyet veren düşey hareketlerin Marmara bölgesinin tektoniğini ve ayrıca boğazla-rın oluşumunu anlamak açısından anahtar bilgiler barındırdığı düşünülmektedir. Sekide Geç Pleistosendeki Akde-niz koşullarını temsil eden bol miktarda Ostrea edulis kavkıları tanımlanmıştır. Seki ESR tarihlendirme tekniği ile 16.2 ± 1.8 ka olarak tarihlendirilmiştir. O devirdeki küresel deniz seviyesi dikkate alındığında sekinin günümüze kadar toplamda yaklaşık olarak 250 metre kadar yükseldiği anlaşılmaktadır. Çanakkale Boğazının Akdeniz ile Marmara bağlantısını sağladığından beri bölgenin jeodinamik olaylarla yükseldiği ve bu süreçte boğaz tabanının derine kazıldığı düşünülmektedir. Tarihlendirme sonucuna göre bölgenin çok geniş bir sahaya yayılan batı Anado-lu’nun yükselmesi olayı ile bağlantılı olarak yükselmiş olabileceği fikri öne çıkmıştır. Varlığı yeni verilerle artarak desteklenen yer kabuğunun altındaki astenosferin yukarı yönlü akımının etkileri, araştırma alanının içinde olduğu geniş bir bölgenin yükselmesine sebep olur. Bu yükselmenin deniz kıyısında oluşan denizel fosilli birimleri bölgeyle beraber yükseklere taşıyıp denizel sekilerin gelişimine sebebiyet verdiği düşünülmektedir. Diğer taraftan, seki birim-leri çok ileri derecede mangan’ca kirlenmiş olduğundan numunelerin analizinde sorunlar vardır. Tarihlendirmeye tâbi tutulan numune sayısının çokluğu güvenilirliğin denetlenmesi bakımından bir gerek-sinim olmakla beraber haklarında yok denecek kadar az bilgi bulunan bölgedeki yüksek sekilere dair edindiğimiz ön nitelikteki tarihlen-dirme sonuçları bölgenin geçmişindeki jeodinamik olaylar hakkında, bölgedeki diğer yer-bilimsel verilerle tutarlı bir model kurulabilmesini sağlamıştırÖğe Identification of Leverage Points in Principal Component Regression and r-k Class Estimators with AR(1) Error Structure(Çanakkale Onsekiz Mart University, 2020) Söküt Açar, TuğbaThe determination of leverage observations have been frequently investigated through ordinary least squares and some biased estimators proposed under the multicollinearity problem in the linear regression models. Recently, the identification of leverage and influential observations have been also popular on the general linear regression models with correlated error structure. This paper proposes a new projection matrix and a new quasi projection matrix to determination of leverage observations for principal component regression and r-k class esti mators, respectively, in general linear regression model with first-order autoregressive error structure. Some useful properties of these matrices are presented. Leverage observations obtained by generalized least squares and ridge regression estimators available in the literature have been compared with proposed principal component regression and r-k class estimators over a simulation study and a numerical example. In the literature, the first leverage is considered separately due to the first-order autoregressive error structure. Therefore, the behaviours of first lever ages obtained by principal component regression and r-k class estimators has been also investigated according to the autocorrelation coefficient and biasing parameter through applications. The results showed that the leverage of the first observation obtained by principal component regression and r-k estimators is smaller than that obtained by generalized least squares and ridge regression estimators. In addition, as the autocorrelation coefficient goes to -1, the leverage of the first transformed observation decreases for PCR and r-k class estimators, while its increases while the autocorrelation coefficient goes to 1.Öğe Effects of Pleurotus Eryngii (DC.) Quél. Mushroom Extracts on Cell Proliferation in Breast and Colon Cancer Cell Lines(Çanakkale Onsekiz Mart University, 2024) Cömert Önder, Ferah; Davutlar, Gülce; Önder, Alper; Allı, Hakan; Ay, MehmetThis study was aimed to collect Pleurotus eryngii (DC.) Quél. edible/medicinal mushroom from Çanakkale/Kumkale and to evaluate the antiproliferative effects of alcoholic extracts on breast and colon cancer cell lines. For this purpose, the Soxhlet method prepared methanol and ethanol:H2O (70:30) extracts by gradually increasing solvent polarities. Then, breast (MDA-MB-231, BT-549, BT-20, MCF-7) and colon (HT-29) cancer cell lines were treated with the extracts in increasing concentrations (0.05-0.5 mg/mL) for 48 h. In conclusion, methanol and aqueous ethanol extracts exhibited significant antiproliferative effects in cancer cell lines, according to the MTT assay. The cell viability in the triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) MDA-MB-231 cell line was highly decreased by methanol extract at a very low concentration (0.1 mg/mL). Furthermore, methanol extract at 0.3 mg/mL reduced the percentage of cell viability in the HT-29 cell line. Aqueous ethanol extract showed antiproliferative activity in breast and colon cancer cell lines at 0.25 mg/mL concentration for 48 h applications. In addition, some bioactive components such as 4-hydroxy flavone, chrysin, and tannic acid of aqueous ethanol extract have been determined by High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) analysis. As a result, this study may increase interest in the studies on the anti-cancer activities and the mechanisms of P. eryngii mushroom.Öğe Evaluation of Recombinant Antibody Production Efficiency in CHO Cells with Sleeping Beauty Transposon Vector System(Çanakkale Onsekiz Mart University, 2024) Yaşlı, Pelin Kolçak; Savranoğlu Kulabaş, Seda; Engin, Evren DorukChinese hamster ovary (CHO) mammalian cell lines are widely used as cell platforms in biopharmaceutical productions. Different transfection systems are employed for the integration of the target gene cassette into the cell genome and have limitations, such as (i) the integration region in the genome, (ii) the size of the target cassette, and (iii) long selection periods for stable expression. Transposon systems can be utilized to overcome the limitations mentioned in the efficient production of commercially significant recombinant proteins. This study aims to demonstrate the differences in production potential and selection periods by using a specially designed vector system for random genome integration in CHODG44 DHFR -/- cells and the Sleeping Beauty (SB) transposon system. In this context, the optimal transfer ratio between the donor and the helper plasmid was determined for the most efficient co-transfection in the SB transposon system. According to the results, the pools obtained using the SB transposon system had titers ranging from 1300 to 2600 mg/L in 13-day fed-batch studies, while the pool obtained using the random transfer system had a titer of 0.056 mg/L. Additionally, stable cell pools obtained using the transposon system underwent selection in a short period of 52 days, compared to over 100 days for the pool obtained through random transfer. Considering all these results together, it is demonstrated that stable CHO pools obtained using the optimal SB transposon system can achieve high-efficiency monoclonal antibody production in a short period, making it an optimal production platform in the biopharmaceutical field.Öğe Optimization of Low-Calorific Coal Application at Different Loads in 600 MW Supercritical Thermal Power Plant with the PROMETHEE-GAIA Method(Çanakkale Onsekiz Mart University, 2024) Emir, Aykut; Motorcu, Ali Rıza; Demirören, HülyaThis study examined the 600 MW supercritical unit of a 1200 MW imported coal-fired thermal power plant in Çanakkale, Türkiye. Coal blends consisting of low-calorific domestic coal (4087 kcal/kg) and high-calorific imported coal (5954 kcal/kg) were combusted at the single mill and burner level to analyze unit parameters at different loads. Initially, input parameters, levels affecting unit parameters, and output parameters influenced by different coal types were identified and prioritized. Using criteria weights determined by the entropy method, the optimal load and domestic-imported coal blend ratio were determined using the Preference Ranking Organization Method for Enrichment Evaluation-Geometrical Analysis for Interactive Aid (PROMETHEE-GAIA) multicriteria decision-making method. The optimization study concluded that a 450 MW load with a 14.6% domestic coal feed rate is the most suitable alternative.Öğe Seismic Risk Evaluation of Existing Reinforced Concrete Buildings: A Case Study for Çanakkale-Türkiye(Çanakkale Onsekiz Mart University, 2024) Benek, Muhammed; Aktan, SelenTürkiye is in an important earthquake zone, and most of the population is under seismic hazard. The high loss of lives in the past earthquakes indicates that our existing building stock is vulnerable. In this study, a field survey was carried out to determine the existing earthquake risks of reinforced concrete buildings in İsmetpaşa, Barbaros, Cevatpaşa, Kemalpaşa, Namıkkemal, Esenler, and Fevzipaşa Neighborhoods of Çanakkale city center. This study was conducted to specify the regional distribution of risky buildings to be examined by the street survey method called \"Simplified methods that can be used to determine the regional risk distribution of buildings\" in the implementation regulation of Law No. 6306. For this purpose, 585 reinforced concrete buildings were examined with this method, and the earthquake performance scores of these buildings were determined. The performance scores calculated as a result of reflecting the number of stories, earthquake hazard zone, type of structural system, and structural irregularities of the buildings were evaluated based on different parameters. It was seen that soft stories with values ranging from 50% to 100% and heavy overhangs with values ranging from 37% to 63% were the most common irregularities in existing buildings in Çanakkale.Öğe Betonarme Çerçeve ve Kolonlarda İtme Analizi(Çanakkale Onsekiz Mart University, 2024) Özkarabulut, Aydın; Köksal, Hasan OrhunBu makale, 1950'lerden bu yana betonarme çerçeve ve kolonların karmaşık davranışlarının modellenmesine yönelik devam eden deneysel ve analitik çalışmaların, günümüz yönetmeliklerindeki statik itme analizlerine olan etkileri üzerine odaklanmıştır. Bu noktada yapı elemanlarının moment eğrilik ilişkilerinin analizlere gerçekçi bir şekilde yansıtılması, davranışı belirleyici nitelik taşımaktadır. Bu çalışmada, Koksal-Erdogan tarafından önerilen çok eksenli basınç altındaki beton davranış modeli kullanılarak geliştirilen bir program aracılığıyla elde edilen moment-eğrilik ilişkileri, analizlerde kullanılmıştır. Geliştirilen yapısal analiz programı ise, tek açıklıklı ve tek katlı boş betonarme çerçeve ile ankastre tekil kolonların deneysel olarak belirlenmiş davranışlarını tahmin etmekte kullanılmıştır. Yapılan analizlerin sonucunda, deney çerçeve ve kolonlarına ait yatay deplasmanlar ve kuvvetlerin, Koksal-Erdogan modeli ile birlikte karşılaştırmalı bir şekilde Mander modelinden elde edilen moment-eğrilik diyagramları kullanılarak başarıyla tahmin edilebildiği belirlenmiştir. Makalede ayrıca, Mander modeli ile Koksal-Erdogan modeli arasında gerilme-şekildeğiştirme ilişkileri bakımından da karşılaştırmalar yapılmış ve sonuçların oldukça uyumlu olduğu ancak Koksal-Erdogan modelinin biraz daha düşük gerilme değerleri verdiği belirtilmiştir. Geliştirilen moment-eğrilik programının geçerliliğini göstermek amacıyla, literatürde bulunan SEMAp programıyla bazı karşılaştırmalar yapılmış ve iki program arasında benzer sonuçlar elde edildiği belirlenmiştir. Koksal ve Mander modellerine göre incelenen kolonlar ve çerçeve için elde edilen iç kuvvet şekil değiştirme tahminlerinin, deney sonuçlarıyla uyumlu olduğu gözlenmiştir.Öğe Anticancer, Antioxidant, Antimicrobial Activities, and HPLC Analysis of Alcoholic Extracts of Parthenocissus quinquefolia L. Plant Collected from Çanakkale(Çanakkale Onsekiz Mart University, 2024) Önder, Ferah Cömert; Kalın, Sevil; Maraba, Özlem; Önder, Alper; Ilgın, Pınar; Karabacak, ErsinThis study aimed to contribute to revealing the health effects of the Parthenocissus quinquefolia L. (PQ) plant by examining the biological activities of various extracts of the plant. An ethnobotanical important medicinal plant, PQ belongs to the Vine family (Vitaceae) and is known for its medicinal uses. Herein, fruit and leaf alcoholic extracts of the plant exhibited anticancer activity on triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) cell lines, estrogen receptor positive (ER+) (MCF-7), and human colon adenocarcinoma (HT-29) cancer cell lines. Furthermore, fruit methanol extracts displayed strong radical scavenging activity with low IC50 values such as 0.51 mg/mL, 0.80 mg/mL, 0.84 mg/mL, and 1.45 mg/mL. The highest TEAC values (18.72 mM Trolox/mg, 9.90 mM Trolox/mg, and 8.41 mM Trolox/mg) were calculated for the extracts of red leaves. The antifungal activity was determined against Candida albicans as fungal pathogen. The cell apoptosis with methanol extract was obtained between 20 µg/mL and 70 µg/mL for 48 h and 72 h treatments by Hoechst 33258 staining of nuclei under a fluorescence microscopy. HPLC analysis was performed for methanol extracts to determine major bioactive components. Consequently, this plant extracts may guide to new strategies and may be uses in medicinal applications for further investigations.Öğe Synthesis of E-Isomer of α-Hydrazone Phosphonates via Nucleophilic Addition of Trialkyl Phosphite to Nitrile Imines (NIs) and DFT Calculations(Çanakkale Onsekiz Mart University, 2024) Çakır, Sıdıka Polat; Altınışık, SinemNitrile imines (NIs) belong to the nitrilium betaine family of 1,3-dipoles. Due to their high reactivity, NI compounds cannot be isolated and must be generated in situ before undergoing the desired transformation. NI derivatives were prepared by the utilization of N-phenyl hydrazine chloride precursors in the presence of a base. The title compounds α-hydrazone phosphonates have the potential to be biologically active and may serve as a precursor compound for other biologically active substances like amino phosphonic acids. Shortly, they are highly significant compounds in medicinal and synthetic chemistry. The derivatives of α-hydrazone phosphonate are synthesized by the nucleophilic addition of trialkyl phosphite to in situ generated NI derivatives and obtained in 44-95% isolated chemical yields. It is worth noting that only the E-isomer of the α-hydrazone phosphonates was obtained. Structural analyses of the α-hydrazone phosphonates were conducted by using proton and carbon NMR analysis along with FTIR. The researchers also performed DFT calculations including structural parameters (bond length, bond angle, and dihedral angle), HOMO and LUMO energy levels, and the zero-point vibrational energy (ZPE) for both E and Z geometric isomers of unsubstituted phenyl α-hydrazone phosphonate.Öğe Uncovering the Hydrocracking Efficiency of Iron-Based Catalysts: A Novel Approach to Asphaltene Transformation in Iranian Heavy Oil(Çanakkale Onsekiz Mart University, 2024) Yılmaz, Kadir; Gürdal, Savaş; Yaşar, MuzafferIn the quest for optimal asphaltene conversion, this study investigated a range of cost-effective and easily accessible catalyst precursors, targeting both high yields of lighter products and minimal coke formation. The hydrocracking experiments were conducted within a 10 ml bomb-type reactor equipped with a reciprocating stirrer operating at a reciprocation rate of 200 times per minute. The experiments were performed at a temperature of 425°C for a duration of 90 minutes, with an initial hydrogen pressure of 100 bar. The outcomes of each experiment were assessed in terms of liquid products, coke production and C5- gas products. To analyze the Iranian heavy asphaltene, Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (1H NMR), Gel Permeation Chromatography (GPC) and elemental analysis were employed. Gas products were characterized using Gas Chromatography (GC). The investigation aimed to identify the catalyst precursor mixture that would maximize asphaltene conversion while minimizing coke production. A series of catalyst precursors, encompassing FeSO4·H2O, its binary mixtures with metal oxides (Fe2O3, Al2O3, CaO, SiO2), and combinations of Fe2O3, Al2O3, and SiO2 with elemental sulfur, were evaluated. The experimental results demonstrated that the toluene-soluble fraction (TSF), which includes the middle distillate portion, could be increased to a maximum of 56% while concurrently reducing the coke yield to 19%, down from the initial 36.9% when no precursor was used.Öğe Disposable Voltammetric Determination of Celestine Blue at a Pencil Graphite Electrode(Çanakkale Onsekiz Mart University, 2024) Güneş, MehmetThe proposed study describes a novel and disposable voltammetric sensor that designed for the sensitive determination of celestine blue (CelsB) using a pencil graphite electrode (PGE). The electrochemical characterization study of the designed sensor was performed by recording the cyclic voltammograms (CVs) and electrochemical impedance (EI) curves in 5.0 mM of Fe(CN)63-/4- including 0.10 M of KCl, and compared with the other carbon-based electrodes such as carbon paste (CPE) and glassy carbon (GCE) electrodes. The electrochemical behaviour of CelsB was examined at different carbon-based electrodes including PGE, CPE, and GCE by the cyclic voltammetric (CV) method. The recorded CVs showed that the remarkable response obtained at PGE toward oxidation of CelsB. Moreover, the PGE shows a wide linear range (4.0 − 150 μM) and detects the CelsB with a notable limit of detection (1.21 μM). In addition, the results from the interference studies proved that the PGE enables selective voltammetric determination of CelsB in presence of various species. A feasibility study for CelsB sensor was also tested on tap water and cherry apple juice samples and the recovery values obtained between 96.2 − 103 % with high precision and accuracy indicated that the PGE shows an acceptable and good applicability to real samples.Öğe Optical and Electrical Characterization of Crystallized M:WO3 (Cu, Fe, Ni) Films in Acidic Medium(Çanakkale Onsekiz Mart Üniversitesi, 2024) Yakar, Emin; Karaduman Er, Irmak; Sarf, FatmaPure and metal (M) doped [copper (Cu), nickel (Ni) and iron (Fe)] WO3 films have been produced on In:SnO2 (ITO) slides by using facile chemical bath deposition and then annealed at 500 oC for 2 h. Structural, morphological, electrical and optical properties of the produced WO3-based films were examined. Monoclinic WO3 phase were observed in all the samples, and the peak intensities were decreased by metal inclusion with heterogeneous film growth on ITO substrate. Slight shifts from defect related emission peaks (blue and green) were observed in metal-substituted WO3 samples from PL study. An optical band gap was observed to decrease in M:WO3 samples. The surface resistance values were significantly reduced by metal additives compared to its pure counterpart, especially by the inclusion of nickel ions in WO3. The results indicated that nucleus growth and thereby impurity/defect-related surfaces had a serious effect on the optical and electrical properties of M:WO3 films.Öğe Changes in Plant Nutrient Concentration of Olive (Olea europaea L.) Leaves after Different Rates of Humic Acid Application(Çanakkale Onsekiz Mart University, 2024) Uyanık, Sertaç; Sümer, AliThis research was a one-year study to investigate how increasing rates of humic acid affect the nutrient elements [Nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), potassium (K), calcium (Ca), magnesium (Mg), iron (Fe), manganese (Mn), zinc (Zn) and copper (Cu)] of olive trees (Olea europaea) of 14 years old found in a private cultivation land located in Bozköy of Geyikli, Çanakkale (Latitude 35 S 431667, Longitude 4409876) in 2018. The humic acid used was a suspension of 15% humic and fulvic acid, which was a commercial product (Blackjak SC, pH 4-6). Different concentrations of humic acid [0 (control), 50, 100, 200, 400 mL tree-1] were applied directly to soil of 20-30 cm depth under canopy projection of trees after dissolving in 10 L of water in April. A randomized block design with four replicates and five doses was adopted on 20 trees. 200 leaf samples were taken in December from annual shoot tips as reciprocal leaf couples and nutrient element analyses were carried out. The macronutrient elements N and P significantly increased upon all humic acid applications. However, the changes in the elements K, Ca, Mg, Fe, Zn, and Mn were insignificant in all applications. Humic acid at all concentrations decreased copper in leaves. As a result, addition to routine farmer fertilization, humic acid application at the rate of 50 ml tree-1 was determined to be the sufficient dose for olive trees. Moreover, this mentioned dose is considered to be the most economical dose besides being the most suitable one.Öğe Çok Katlı Betonarme Bir Binanın Altsistem Yaklaşımı İle Analizi(Çanakkale Onsekiz Mart University, 2023) Taştan, Hüseyin; Özgür, MehmetTürkiye, bulunduğu coğrafyada ki aktif faylar sebebiyle sıklıkla büyük depremler ile yüzleşmekte, can kayıpları yaşanmakta ve maddi hasarlar oluşmaktadır. Bu bakımdan yapı tasarımında, deprem kuvvetini etkileyebilecek tüm parametrelerin göz önünde bulundurulması ve hesaplamalara dahil edilmesi oldukça önemlidir. Bu çalışmada, kazıklı temel sistemine sahip betonarme bir yapı ile temel zemini arasındaki etkileşim incelenmiştir. Zemin-kazık-yapı etkileşimi, altsistem yaklaşımı “Yöntem I” ile hesaplamalara yansıtılmış olup üstyapı, temel ve kazıklarda iç kuvvet, yer değiştirme ve şekil değiştirme talepleri elde edilmiştir. Sonuçları mukayese edebilmek için aynı yapı, kazıklara tanımlanan yatay yatak katsayısı yayları ile tasarım spektrumu etkisinde analiz edilmiş ve son olarak ise etkileşimsiz durumda ki sonuçlar için yine aynı yapı zemine ankastre mesnetli şekilde modellenerek hesaplama yapılmıştır. Her üç yöntemden elde edilen sonuçlar mukayese edilerek zemin-kazık-yapı etkileşimi irdelenmiştir.
