Su Ürünleri Endüstrisi Mühendisliği Bölümü Koleksiyonu

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https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12428/5722

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Influence of tulsi Ocimum sanctum extract on fish health: Growth, hematology, serum immune parameters, and antioxidant status in Common Carp
(Oxford Univ Press, 2025) Habib, Syed Sikandar; Majeed, Saima; Rind, Khalid Hussain; Naz, Saira; Acar, Ümit; Cravana, Cristina; Ullah, Mujeeb
Objective In aquaculture, the trend is shifting towards using plant-derived alternatives that are abundant in phytochemicals as effective replacements for traditional antibiotics and synthetic feed additives. In the present study, the effects of tulsi Ocimum sanctum extract on growth performance, hemato-biochemical indices, serum immune parameters, and antioxidant parameters in Common Carp Cyprinus carpio were investigated. Methods Common Carp (mean body weight ± SD = 10.6 ± 0.13 g) were fed experimental diets that contained tulsi leaf extract at 0.0 (control), 0.5, 1.0, and 1.5% for 60 d (25 fish/treatment). Results The findings revealed a considerable enhancement in growth performance and a decreased feed conversion ratio, especially for the 1.0% tulsi-based diet. Additionally, weight gain and feed conversion ratio exhibited significance at both the linear and quadratic levels, as indicated by polynomial contrasts. The hematological and biochemical profiles exhibited improvements in groups receiving tulsi-enriched diets. The antioxidant status of fish serum exhibited a notable increase, as evidenced by elevated activities of total antioxidant capacity, superoxide dismutase, and catalase in fish that received the 1.0% and 1.5% tulsi-based diets. Tulsi-supplemented diets led to remarkable enhancements in serum lysozyme activity, alternative complement activity, and total immunoglobulin content. Moreover, tulsi supplementation at 1.0% and 1.5% showcased a significant reduction in serum glucose and cortisol levels compared to the other groups. Conclusions In conclusion, tulsi extract emerged as a valuable asset, positively influencing growth, blood parameters, antioxidant balance, and serum immune response in Common Carp, particularly at supplementation levels ranging from 1.0% to 1.5% in the diet.
Physiological stress response in Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) exposed to firework noise
(Acad Brasileira De Ciencias, 2025) Kuşku, Halit; Yiğit, Murat
In the present study, impacts of firework noise on physiological response and stress recovery were investigated in Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus). Two treatment groups, one with firework noise exposure, and a control with no noise exposure at all was used in the study. After a disturbance challenge with firework noise for 2-hour playback, fish behavior in terms of opercula beats and pectoralwingflaps as physiological response were monitored for 96-hours via video image tracking, which was then consecutively repeated with 4-days intervals and 15 repetitions over a period of 60 days. Elevated fish respiration rates after noise exposure, peaked in 24 hours, and declining to initial levels after 72 hours, an indication of stress recovery. In the long-term challenge with multiple exposures to firework noise, fish showed no attunuation to firework noise and presented the same alarm reflex every time of noise exposure with 4-days intervals. It has been evidenced that fireworks noise influenced fish stress and welfare, hence the findings in this study may support ecology-based management of coastal developments. Further, these results raise the question of whether short-term investigations are sufficient for understanding anthropogenic disturbance on aquatic animals.
Extract of Moringa oleifera Leaves: Possible Useful Additives to Enhance Reproductive and Growth Performance of Male Oreochromis niloticus
(Central Fisheries Research Institute, 2025) Naz, Saira; Habib, Syed Sikandar; Acar, Ümit; Majeed, Saima; Kesbiç, Osman Sabri; Ullah, Mujeeb; Khayyam, Khayyam
The current study aimed to test Moringa oleifera leaves extract on the growth and reproductive performance of male Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus). We purchased 420 healthy Nile tilapia (60.32±3.13 g) from the local fish farm for the feeding experiment. The fish were divided in triplicates into seven groups, including the control group, with each group consisting of 60 fish species (20 per glass aquarium). They were maintained in glass aquariums measuring 60×40×35 cm throughout the 60-day feeding trial. Experimental diets, incorporating various concentrations of M. oleifera extracts (0% 2%, 4%, 6%, 8%, 10%, and 12%), were administered to the fish at 3% of their body weight. The results revealed that experimental diets significantly (P<0.05) increased the growth and reproductive performance of the Nile tilapia compared to the control group. M. oleifera significantly (P<0.05) enhanced the levels of testosterone and luteinizing hormones. Furthermore, there was a progressive increase in the overall fertility rate with increasing concentrations of the plant extract. However, the overall performance of the fish decreased with increasing concentrations beyond 12%. The current study concluded that M. oleifera extract can be used to increase the fecundity and growth rate of the fish. © 2025, Central Fisheries Research Institute. All rights reserved.
Microplastics contamination suppressed immune and health status in cage cultured Barramundi: An investigation on pollution sources, ecotoxicological impacts, and transcription of genes involved in detoxification
(Elsevier, 2025) Vazirzadeh, Arya; Ergün, Sebahattin; Mossafa, Hamidreza; Farhadi, Ahmad; Keshavarzifard, Mehrzad; Yiğit, Murat; Yılmaz, Sevdan
This study aimed to study the abundance and ecotoxicological consequences of microplastics (MPs) in cagecultured Barramundi from the Persian Gulf. The fish, water, sediment, and aquafeed samples were taken from 4 cage-culture sites and reference points in Bushehr and Hormozgan provinces. Gills showed the highest normalized, while muscles exhibited the lowest MPs concentration. Waters and sediments from cage-culture sites had significantly higher MPs than reference points. Raman spectrophotometry identified polyurethane, polyether, and polyolefin as prevalent MPs. Unexpectedly, larger fish had lesser number of MPs per unit of their weight. MPs contamination adversely affected fish health and immune. Specifically, fish with elevated MPs contamination exhibited significantly reduced levels of acetylcholinesterase and gamma-glutamyl transferase, and an increase in the activities of aspartate aminotransferase and alanine aminotransferase. The level of immune parameters including lysozyme, total immunoglobulin and complements were all decreased in fish with high MPs. A clear association was determined between MPs contamination and expression levels of cytochrome P450 1A1 and glutathione S-transferase in the liver. Low MPs biomagnification and hazard risk to the final consumer, but high threat to fish own health and immune were observed.
Detection of einkorn flour adulteration in flour and bread samples using Computer-Based Image Analysis and Near-Infrared Spectroscopy
(Elsevier Ltd, 2021) Ayvaz, Hüseyin; Korkmaz, Fatma; Polat, Havva; Ayvaz, Zayde; Tuncel, Necati Barış
Einkorn (Triticum monocum L.) is an old variety of wheat and is considered an ancient grain. Currently, limited amounts of einkorn are produced within a few regions of Europe and the US, and therefore it is sold at higher prices than common wheat. Either for unfair economic gain (adulteration) or to compensate its weaker gluten structure, einkorn flour tends to be adulterated with bread wheat flour, which is frequently encountered in commercial einkorn flour or einkorn baked products. In this study, einkorn and bread wheat flours were initially analyzed for their common quality properties following the traditional analytical methods. Then, two rapid methods, Computer-Based Image (CBI) Analysis and Near-Infrared Spectroscopy (NIRS), were evaluated to rapidly estimate the % level of bread wheat flour in both einkorn-wheat flour mixtures and the bread made of those mixtures. For this purpose, binary mixtures of einkorn flour and the adulterating bread wheat flour were prepared for calibration (46 samples) and external validation (18 samples) sets, with wheat flour content in the mixtures ranging between 5 and 95% (w/w). Then, for each binary mixture, a loaf of conventional bread was produced. Flour mixtures and loaves of bread samples produced were analyzed by both CBI and NIRS. Our results suggested that CBI could only yield high correlation levels between the wheat flour content and some color properties in bread samples (>0.96), while no sufficient correlations were observed in flour mixtures. Regarding the NIRS, highly accurate models were developed for both flour mixtures (correlation coefficients > 0.99, standard errors < 1.39% and RPD level of 19.3) and bread samples (correlation coefficients > 0.94, standard errors < 2.64% and RPD level of 10.1). Our results indicate that both NIRS and CBI may be implemented in the rapid and easy screening of wheat flour adulteration in einkorn bread, while only NIRS is suggested to be used for the same purpose in flour mixtures.
Machine Learning-Assisted Near- and Mid-Infrared spectroscopy for rapid discrimination of wild and farmed Mediterranean mussels (Mytilus galloprovincialis)
(Elsevier Inc., 2024) Ayvaz, Hüseyin; Temizkan, Rıza; Kaya, Burcu; Salman, Merve; Menevşeoğlu, Ahmed; Ayvaz, Zayde; Güneş, Nurhan; Doğan, Muhammed Ali; Mortaş, Mustafa
The objective of this study was to investigate the ability to discriminate between wild and farmed Mediterranean mussels (Mytilus galloprovincialis) using machine learning-assisted near-infrared (NIR) and mid-infrared (MIR) spectroscopy. Mussels are of significant global importance in aquaculture due to their nutritional characteristics, encompassing a rich source of protein, essential fatty acids, various vitamins, and abundant minerals. Additionally, their ease of farming adds to their value as a desirable aquaculture species. The mussels' capacity to reflect environmental quality attributes makes them valuable as biomonitoring agents. However, differences in nutritional composition may arise between wild mussels harvested from natural marine hard-bottoms and those farmed in open artificial systems in the sea. In this study aimed at distinguishing between the two types of mussels, the classification models were created, and the most accurate results were achieved using the FT-MIR spectral data extracted from the interior part of the mussels, while the performance of FT-MIR data obtained from the mussels' shells was slightly lower, with the accuracy of 92% and R2 of 0.87. Still, the accuracies of all the classification models were over 90%. The Ensemble model, trained using FT-MIR spectra from the interior part of the mussel, achieved an accuracy of 98.4%, surpassing the performance of other variable sets. In both NIR and MIR models, spectra from the mussels' interior provide better discrimination than spectra from the outer shell.

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