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Öğe Dental age and tooth development in children with molar-incisor hypomineralization: A case-control study(Elsevier Ltd, 2022) Sezer, Berkant; Çarıkçıoğlu, Burak; Kargül, BetülObjective: The aim of the study was to determine the dental age for the evaluation of tooth development in children with molar-incisor hypomineralization (MIH) by using the Willems method, Cameriere-European formula, and London Atlas. Design: Panoramic radiographs of 308 children between the ages of 6–13 diagnosed with MIH and the same number of sex- and age-matched children without MIH were evaluated by two different examiners using the Willems method, Cameriere-European formula, and London Atlas. The mean difference between chronological age and dental age in both groups was calculated for each sex and age. The mean absolute error was used to determine the accuracies of the Willems method, Cameriere-European formula, and London Atlas. Results: There was a statistically significant difference found only in Willems method in dental age estimation between the groups with and without MIH (P = 0.001). In the evaluation performed with Cameriere-European formula and London Atlas, which are more accurate methods for dental age estimation in both groups, no statistically significant difference was found in dental age estimation between the two groups (P = 0.322, P = 0.290, respectively). There was a statistically significant intense linear correlation for three methods in both groups (P < 0.001). Conclusions: MIH, which is a developmental enamel defect, does not affect dental age and tooth development since there was no significant difference between groups with and without MIH according to the evaluations made with accurate dental age estimation methods.Öğe Postoperative pain after different irrigation activation techniques: a randomized, clinical trial(Springer Japan, 2021) Gündoğar, Mustafa; Sezgin, Güzide Pelin; Kaplan, Sema Sönmez; Özyürek, Hande; Uslu, GülşahThe aim of this study was to assess the effectiveness of irrigation activation techniques on postoperative pain (PP) in mandibular premolar teeth with irreversible pulpitis after single-visit endodontic treatment. A total of 160 patients with symptomatic irreversible pulpitis were included in this prospective randomized clinical study. Four different activation methods were used in mandibular premolar teeth. In group 1, teeth were irrigated with side-port endodontic needles (NI) without any agitation; in groups 2 and 3, sonic activation was performed using EDDY and EndoActivator (EA), respectively; and in group 4, passive ultrasonic irrigation (PUI) was used. Patients’ analgesic intake—as well as pain intensity during and after treatment—were recorded at 8, 24, 48 h and 7 days. The data relating to age, sex and analgesic intake was evaluated using the Chi-square test and the preoperative pain and PP intensity at different time intervals was evaluated with the Kruskal–Wallis test at a 5% significance level. Highest PP was recorded at 8 h, pain intensity decreased in all groups by the time. Pain in the NI group was found higher than that of EDDY group at 24 h (P < 0.05). EA and PUI had caused mild pain and had similar pain scores at 24 h. (P > 0.05). No statistically difference was found among the groups with regard to analgesic intake (P > 0.05). Although there were slight differences in PP levels between the groups at 24 h, pain levels decreased in all groups after 24 h. Activation of the irrigation solution did not make any difference in terms of PP after 24 h.Öğe Fracture load and microcrack comparison of crowns manufactured from tooth-shaped and traditional blocks(2021) Arslan, Merve; Tosun, İlgiThis study intended to analyze microcracks and fractographic markings on the surface of all ceramic crowns after milling and compare the fracture loads. 90 crowns were manufactured from two feldspathic (Priticrown-Pr and Vita Mark II-Vi) and a lithium disilicate (EmaxCAD-Em) blocks (n = 30). Two groups (n = 15) were prepared for each ceramic. In the first group, crowns were analyzed twice via the fluorescent penetrant method for microcrack detection, after the manufacturing process and thermal cycles. The load to fracture test was applied at a crosshead speed of 0.5 mm/min until catastrophic failure. Second group crowns were directly cemented onto the Co-Cr dies following the manufacturing process and loaded to fracture. Fractographic markings were analyzed through scanning electron microscope. Spearman correlation analysis, Kruskal–Wallis H test, Mann–Whitney U test, and Wilcoxon Signed Rank test were applied (α =.05). Fracture loads of Em crowns were higher than other groups (p <.05), with and without the aging procedure. Except for second group Pr (r = −.532), no significant relationship was found between microcrack numbers and fracture loads (p >.05). Thermal cycling did not affect microcrack numbers and fracture loads (p >.05). Tooth-shaped multilayered Pr blocks did not provide an advantage in terms of microcrack and fracture loads.Öğe The Impact of Coronal Flaring Files on Pericervical Dentin Thickness in Mandibular Molars(American Association of Endodontists, 2024) Sarıyılmaz, Öznur; Sessiz, Rüya; Kocaman, Osman SefaIntroduction: This study aimed to assess the influence of different coronal flaring files on dentin removal in mandibular teeth using cone-beam computed tomographic (CBCT) images. Methods: CBCT images of 48 mandibular molar teeth were acquired and randomly divided into 2 main groups, with each main group further divided into 3 subgroups. In the first main group, root canal preparation was performed using TruNatomy (Dentsply Sirona, Ballaigues, Switzerland), ProTaper Gold (Dentsply Sirona), and One Curve (Micro-Mega, Besancon, France) files without the use of coronal flaring files. In the second main group, root canal preparation was performed using the same files with the use of coronal flaring files. After the completion of root canal preparation, a second set of CBCT images was obtained. Subsequently, the dentin removal and remaining critical dentin were assessed by measuring at 4 distinct points below the furcation level. Data were compared between groups using the Mann-Whitney U and Kruskal-Wallis tests with alpha set at 5%. Results: The ProTaper Gold files demonstrated higher dentin removal compared with the TruNatomy files. In the no-flaring groups, the One Curve files exhibited greater dentin removal than the TruNatomy files at specific levels. The use of coronal flaring files generally did not significantly impact dentin removal, except for certain cases in the TruNatomy and ProTaper Gold groups. Conclusions: The TruNatomy instrument group was more effective in preserving pericervical dentin compared with the other instrument groups. Coronal flaring files can be confidently used to preserve critical dentin during root canal treatment.Öğe A comparative study of translucency and color perception in monolithic zirconia and lithium disilicate veneers(Elsevier Ltd, 2024) Aydoğdu, Hasan Murat; Yıldız, Pınar; Ünlü, Damla GüneşCeramic laminate veneers which are a conservative approach to restoring anterior teeth, combining minimal preparation and esthetics. This study aims to evaluate the impact of the thickness of monolithic zirconia laminate veneers on their optical properties and color perception, comparing them to lithium disilicate. A total of 60 laminate veneers were prepared using two ceramic materials, divided into three groups for each material (n = 10) with thicknesses of 0.5, 0.7, and 1.0 mm. CIELab color parameters of the veneers were measured using a spectrophotometer and translucency parameters were calculated. The veneers were cemented onto uniform dies and final L, a, b values of the restorations were measured. The color difference between the different thicknesses was calculated using the CIEDE2000 formula. Two-way ANOVA and Bonferroni HSD post hoc tests were conducted to compare the color parameters (α = 0.05). The results showed that both material type (p < 0.001) and thickness (p < 0.001) influenced translucency values. The translucency values of zirconia veneers were significantly lower than those of lithium disilicate. The color differences (ΔE00) resulting from thickness changes (0.5–1.0 mm) were near or below the perception threshold for lithium disilicate, but distinct for zirconia restorations. In conclusion, monolithic zirconia veneers demonstrated lower translucency compared to lithium disilicate. Changing the material thickness affected the translucency of both materials, but not the color perception only for zirconia.Öğe Evaluation of the differences in the localization of the lingula mandibulae according to pubertal development in children: A new anthropological and forensic approach(Elsevier Ltd, 2024) Eren, Hakan; Sezer, Berkant; Deniz, YeşimObjective: This study aims to investigate changes in lingula mandibulae localization before and after puberty and sex differences. Design: 288 panoramic radiographs evaluated retrospectively were divided into four groups according to pubertal development: under and over 10 years old for females and under and over 11 years old for males. Four anatomic sites were used as reference points: (a) the anterior border of the ramus; (b) the posterior border of the ramus; (c) the deepest point of mandibular notch; and (d) the angulus mandibulae. The ratio of the distances from the lingula mandibulae to points (a) and (b) and the ratio of the distances from the lingula mandibulae to points (c) and (d) were determined. Two-way ANOVA was performed to assess differences between subgroups based on sex and puberty, and a Bonferroni post-hoc test was performed for multiple comparisons. Results: Puberty and sex has a significant interaction effect on the vertical location of the lingula mandibulae. Postpubertal lingula mandibulae is positioned proportionally more anteriorly by prepubertal localization. In addition, the lingula mandibulae is situated more posteriorly in females compared to males. A significant interaction effect of puberty and sex was observed in relation to the vertical positioning of the lingula mandibulae. Conclusions: The spatial localization of the lingula mandibulae and its spatial displacement with age can be used both in estimating sex and the onset of puberty. Changes in the localization of lingula mandibulae according to pubertal development and sex can be used in forensic and anthropological contexts.Öğe Comparison of CBCT radiation doses with conventional radiographs in TMJ imaging using Monte Carlo simulations(Springer Science and Business Media Deutschland GmbH, 2024) Deniz, Yeşim; Eren, Hakan; Sessiz, Rüya; Coşan Ata, GamzeThree-dimensional imaging methods are widely used for evaluation of bony changes of temporomandibular joint (TMJ). Besides, lateral and posterio-anterior TMJ projections in both closed- and open-jaw positions for each temporomandibular joint are used as two-dimensional diagnostic tools. The purpose of the present study was to compare effective and mean organ absorbed doses of plain radiography techniques with those of different modalities of cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) scanning of an adult’s temporomandibular joint. PCXMC 2.0 software was used to calculate mean organ and effective doses. A NewTom CBCT device (Newtom 5G XL; QR systems; Verona, Italy) was simulated at 360° rotation using a 6 × 6 cm2 FOV in standard and high-resolution modes. Lateral and posterio-anterior TMJ plain projections were simulated according to recommendations of the manufacturer of the Planmeca ProMax® 2D S3 device. Doses for both projections were simulated with Monte Carlo methods and the International Commission on radiological protection adult reference computational phantoms. The highest mean organ absorbed doses occurred in bone surfaces, salivary glands, and skull for posterio-anterior TMJ and lateral TMJ, and for CBCT scanning in all examinations. The effective doses of posterio-anterior and lateral TMJ plain radiographs were found to be higher than those of the Standard Mode-Eco Scan CBCT. Therefore, the lowest effective dose was calculated in Standard Mode-Eco Scan CBCT. It is concluded that NewTom 5G XL Standard Mode-Eco Scan CBCT can be used instead of plain radiographs (lateral and posterio-anterior TMJ) in temporomandibular joint imaging as it allows visualizing the three-dimensional structure of the temporomandibular joint as an advantage.Öğe Comparison of Dental and Skeletal Age Estimating Methods in Children(University of Zagreb, 2023) Çelik Güler, Özge; Deniz, Yeşim; Arslan, SemihaObjectives: Estimating age is a crucial determinant of forensic science. Various methods have been used to estimate dental age (DA) and skeletal age (SA).The aim of the current study was to compare the Cameriere's DA method with the Cameriere's SA method in estimating CA in children. Materials and methods: A total of 216 radiographs of 130 females and 86 males (between 9 to 14.99 years of age) were evaluated in northwestern Turkey. DA was calculated on the panoramic images using Cam-eriere's open-apex method. SA was determined on the lateral cephalograms using the fourth cervi-cal vertebrae method by Cameriere. The DA, SA, and CA data were compared using a paired t-test and Wilcoxon test. Results: The mean CA of all groups was calculated as 12.96 +/- 0.30, the mean DA of 12.74 +/- 0.68 and the mean SA of 12.89 +/- 0.89. In males, the DA method presented an underestima-tion between ages of 14.00 and 14.99 (p<0.05) and an overestimation between ages 9.00 and 11.99 (p<0.05). In females, the DA method showed an underestimation in the 13.00-and 14.99-year-old age groups (p<0.05) and an overestimation in the 10.00-and 11.99-year-old age groups (p<0.05). The SA method revealed a significant underestimation in females between the ages of 13.00 and 14.99 and in males between the ages of 14.00 and 14.99 (p<0.05). Conclusions: The SA estimation method may provide more accurate results compared to the DA method with children of both sexes aged between 9.00 to 12.99 in the determination of CA.Öğe Evaluation of Plaque Index, Gingival Index and Oral Health-Related Quality of Life in Obese Patients(Universidad de Costa Rica, 2023) Ayan, Gizem; Dayı, BurakObesity is a chronic disease that may be related to caries, periodontitis, xerostomia, and dental erosion, as well as increasing morbidity and mortality. The aim of this study was to evaluate the plaque index (Silness & Löe, 1964), the gingival index (Löe & Silness, 1963), and the oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) in obese patients. The study included 45 extremely obese, 45 obese, and 45 normal-weight individuals between the ages of 18 and 58. The plaque index and gingival index of the individuals were determined by clinical examination by probing. In addition, the Oral Health Impact Profile-14 (OHIP-14) questionnaire was used for the OHRQoL. The IBM SPSS Statistic 22.0 software program was used for the statistical evaluation of the study data. The plaque index and gingival index values were statistically higher in obese compared to normal weight individuals (p[removed]0.05). There was no statistically significant difference between the OHIP-14 total scores of the groups (p>0.05). Increased apparent plaque index and gingival index values in obese patients may adversely affect periodontal health.Öğe Efficacy of different irrigant activation devices in removing dentin debris from an artificial isthmus connecting curved canals(John Wiley and Sons Inc, 2023) Plotino, Gianluca; Özyürek, Taha; Gündoğar, Mustafa; Uslu, Gülşah; Pedulla, Eugenio; Careddu, Roberto; Franco, VittorioThe aim of this study was to evaluate the debridement efficacy of sonic irrigation (EDDY; VDW, Munich, Germany and EndoActivator; Dentsply-Sirona, Ballaigues, Switzerland) and ultrasonically activated irrigation (Irrısafe; Satelec Acteon, Merignac, France) in a simulated canal isthmus connecting curved canals. Transparent resin blocks were produced containing two curved canals connected with an isthmus. The isthmus was then filled with dentin debris. Three irrigant activation cycles were performed and the amount of remaining debris was compared analysing pictures taken after each activation cycle. Data were statistically analysed using one-way ANOVA and post hoc Tukey tests at a significance level of p < 0.05. EDDY showed greater efficiency in removing dentin debris from the simulated isthmus than the other techniques tested. An increase in the activation time enhanced the efficiency of both EDDY and ultrasonically activated irrigation in debris removal.Öğe The evaluation of the relationship between changes in masseter muscle thickness and tooth clenching habits of bruxism patients treated with botulinum toxin A(Wolters Kluwer Medknow Publications, 2023) Erdil, Deniz; Bağış, Nilsun; Eren, Hakan; Camgöz, Melike; Orhan, KaanBackground: Bruxism is defined as recurrent masticatory muscle activity. Although there is not an agreed treatment method for bruxism, the application of botulinum toxin A (BT-A) has become a reliable lately. This study aimed to evaluate the correlation between the changes in masseter muscle thickness and clenching habits in bruxism patients treated with BT-A. Methods: Twenty-five patients, 23 females and 2 males, diagnosed with possible sleep bruxism were included in the study. The Fonseca Anamnestic Index was applied to the patients to determine their clenching habits and depression levels both before the treatment, and 6 months after it. The masseter muscle thickness was measured using ultrasonography before the treatment and 3 months and 6 months after the treatment. All the patients were injected with a total of 50 U of BT-A, 25 U to each masseter. Results: A statistically significant decrease in masseter muscle thickness was observed in the ultrasonography 3 and 6 months after the BT-A treatment. There was a statistically significant decrease in the Fonseca scores, in which the teeth clenching habits of the patients were evaluated 6 months after the treatment. Although there was a decrease in the depression levels of the patients 6 months after the treatment, this difference was not statistically significant. Conclusion: When the results of this study were evaluated, it was seen that the BT-A injections are an effective, safe, and side effect-free method in the treatment of bruxism and masseter hypertrophy.Öğe Evaluation of the morphology of accessory canals of the canalis sinuosus via cone-beam computed tomography(Elsevier Masson s.r.l., 2023) Tercanlı Alkış, Hümeyra; Coşan Ata, Gamze; Taş, AyşePurpose: This study aims to assess the presence of accessory canal (AC) associated with canalis sinuous (CS), describing their frequency, lateralization, location, direction, and measurements in cone beam computed tomography (CBCT). Methods: Axial, coronal, sagittal, and cross-sectional reconstructions were analyzed in 248 CBCT images and the presence of CS, the presence of AC associated with CS, the lateralization, localization, and direction course of AC associated with CS was evaluated. CS diameter, AC diameter, the distance between the nasal cavity floor and CS (M1), CS and the buccal cortical bone (M2), and CS and the alveolar ridge (M3) were measured. Results: CS was detected in all CBCT scans as bilaterally. The prevalence of AC associated with CS was 35.5%. There was a significant difference between dental status anthe d presence of AC associated with CS. There was a significant difference between gender, dental status, and lateralization of AC associated with CS. While M1 was greater in male patients than females, M3 was greater in female patients. M2 and M3 were greater in younger patients. Conclusion: Clinicians performing surgical procedures should keep in mind that anatomical variations of the vascular nerve bundle may be seen. M1, M2, and M3 measurements can be affected by gender, age, and dental status.Öğe Comparison of the Effects of WaveOne Gold, TruNatomy, and Conventional Hand Files on Remaining Dentin Volume in the Coronal Part of the Root and Preparation Efficiency in Mandibular Molars(Elsevier Inc., 2023) Eren, İrem; Sezer, BerkantIntroduction: The use of file systems that work with different principles in root canal treatment is becoming widespread. The aim of this study was to evaluate the remaining dentine volume in the coronal region of the root and preparation efficiency after the use of conventional hand files, WaveOne Gold; which works with reciprocating motion, and TruNatomy; which works with rotational motion in the root canal treatment of mandibular molar teeth. Methods: All canals of permanent mandibular molars (n = 36) were used. Root canals in each group (n = 12) were prepared with conventional hand files, WaveOne Gold, and TruNatomy. The three-dimensional images were evaluated for remaining dentine volume in the coronal two-millimeter region of the root and change in volume of the entire root canal space. Results: There was no statistically significant difference between the groups in terms of mean differences pre and postpreparation (P > .05). The mean differences after preparation were observed the most in the WaveOne Gold group and the least in the TruNatomy group in the coronal two-millimeter region of the root and entire canal volume, but the differences were not significant (P > .05, P > .05, respectively). Conclusions: Conventional hand files, WaveOne Gold working with reciprocating motion, and TruNatomy working with rotational motion, which are the file systems used in the study, are not superior to each other in terms of remaining dentin volume in the coronal two-millimeter region of the root and preparation efficiency in the entire root canal space in mandibular molars.Öğe Does the scientific literature provide sufficient information on incisors affected by molar incisor hypomineralisation?(Springer Science and Business Media Deutschland GmbH, 2023) Sezer, BerkantMolar incisor hypomineralisation (MIH), which was defined for the first time by Weerheijm et al. (2001) twenty-one years ago as a qualitative, hypomineralised enamel defect in which at least one permanent first molar is affected and the condition is frequently observed in permanent incisors, remains an important health problem.Öğe Evaluation of sex dimorphism of the mandible with geometric morphometric analysis: conventional and reconstructed panoramic radiography study(Springer-Verlag Italia s.r.l., 2023) Sessiz, Rüya; Ercan, İlker; Özkan, Gökhan; Toluk, ÖzlemPurpose: The purpose of the study was to investigate the mandible shape dimorphism between males and females both on conventional panoramic radiographs (cPR) and reconstructed panoramic radiographs obtained from cone beam computed tomography (rPR) with geometric morphometric method. Methods: Panoramic radiographs and cone beam computed tomography scans were performed on 33 males and 35 females with median age 23.0 (13.0–57.0) years old. The mandibular shape comparisons between genders were examined with Procrustes analysis, mandible shape classification analysis was made with principal component analysis and shape deformations were concluded from thin plate spline (TPS) analysis. Results: Age had no statistically significant difference between gender (p = 0.580). For the shape of mandible on cPR and rPR, there were statistically significant differences between males and females (p = 0.002, p = 0.032, respectively). The shape variabilities of mandible on cPR for females were 0.054 and for males 0.053. The shape variabilities of mandible on rPR for females were 0.051 and for males 0.049. Both on cPR and rPR, the shape variability of the females’ mandible was similar within their group, the shape variability of the males’ mandible was similar within their group. In the examination of mandibular dimorphism in cPR, maximal deformations were seen in the region between the mandibular notch, posterior ramus, anterior ramus, gonion, in both sides, in TPS graphs. On the other hand, a high level of deformations was observed in all landmarks that define the mandibular shape on rPR. Conclusions: The mandible dimorphism can be detected in the examination performed with geometric morphometric methods on cPR and rPR. While mandible shape differences according to gender are seen most in the ramus region in cPR, differences can be detected in all landmarks in rRP.Öğe Effects of direct therapeutic radiation on pulpal surface of root dentin: an in vitro study(Springer Science and Business Media Deutschland GmbH, 2023) Deniz, Yeşim; Işıktaş Acar, Ezgi; Çetin Genç, ÇiğdemThe aims of the study were to analyze the effects of therapeutic radiation on human root dentin samples from the aspect of possible alterations in crystallinity, micro-morphology, and composition. Fifty-six root dentin specimens were divided into seven groups (0, 10, 20, 30, 40, 50, and 60 Gy). Scanning electron microscope (SEM), energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) analyses were performed on pulpal surfaces of root dentin after being irradiated by 6MV photon energy. Mineral compositions, Ca/P, P/N, Ca/N ratios, and hydroxyapatite pikes were calculated. Some deuteriations on the dentin surface were observed in SEM images after 30 Gy and subsequent doses. One-way ANOVA revealed that there was no significant alteration in weight percentages of C, O, Mg, Ca, P, and N between groups. Radiation did not influence stoichiometric Ca/P, Ca/N, and P/N molar ratios. XRD analysis did not show a remarkable decline in hydroxyapatite pikes by the increasing doses. Radiotherapy changes the micromorphology of circumpulpal dentin but does not affect elemental composition and crystallinity.Öğe Assessment of the oral health status of children with chronic kidney disease(Springer Science and Business Media Deutschland GmbH, 2023) Sezer, Berkant; Kaya, Remziye; Kodaman Dokumacıgil, Nur; Sıddıkoğlu, Duygu; Güven, Serçin; Yıldız, Nurdan; Alpay, Harika; Kargül, BetülBackground There are various oral symptoms related to the disease and its management in individuals with chronic kidney disease (CKD). The aim of the study was to investigate the oral health status of children with different stages of CKD, kidney transplant recipients (KTR), and healthy children. Methods A total of seventy-one children diagnosed with CKD and fifty-two healthy children were included in the study. Each patient was examined for dental caries by the decayed-missing-filled-teeth (DMFT/dmft) index and the International Caries Detection and Assessment System (ICDAS-II), developmental defects of enamel (DDE) by the DDE index, and oral hygiene by the debris (DI), calculus (CI), and simplified oral hygiene (OHI-S) indices. Results The median number of DMFT/dmft was 1.00 (interquartile range (IQR):1.00-4.00) in children with stage 1-3 CKD, 0.00 (IQR: 0.00-2.50) in stage 4-5 children, 0.00 (IQR: 1.00-3.00) in KTR, and 8.00 (IQR: 1.00-13.00) in healthy children. According to ICDAS-II categories, the percentage of children with severe caries was 53.8% in healthy children, while it was 44.4% in KTR, 25.9% in stage 1-3, and 11.4% in stage 4-5 children. While the percentage of children with DDE was 88.8% in KTR, 80% in stage 4-5, and 66.7% in stage 1-3 children, this rate was 44.2% in healthy children. The highest mean OHI-S score was observed in stage 4-5 children (2.10 +/- 1.08), followed by KTR (1.46 +/- 1.19), stage 1-3 (1.27 +/- 0.61), and healthy children (0.45 +/- 0.44), respectively. Conclusions Compared to healthy children, children with CKD had more debris accumulation, calculus formation, and more DDE but a lower severity of dental caries.Öğe Investigation of the effectiveness of sonic, ultrasonic and new laser-assisted irrigation activation methods on smear removal and tubular penetration(Springer Science and Business Media Deutschland GmbH, 2023) Uslu, Gülşah; Gündoğar, Mustafa; Üngör, Mete; Özyürek, Taha; Erkan, Erhan; Keskin, Neslihan BüşraThe aim of this study was to examine the effectiveness of different irrigation activation methods on smear layer removal and tubular penetration. One hundred-five distal roots of mandibular molar teeth in total; 50 for smear removal efficiency (n = 10) analysis using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and 55 roots were used to examine tubular penetration using confocal laser scanning microscope (CLSM). Five different irrigation activation methods were used in this study; conventional needle irrigation (CNI), sonic irrigation device of EDDY, passive ultrasonic irrigation (PUI), PIPS and SWEEPS techniques, which are two different laser irrigation activation methods. The obtained data were statistically analyzed and the significance level was determined as p < 0.05. At the apical level, the cleanest canal walls were observed when laser methods PIPS and SWEEPS were used, while in the middle third, there was no difference in smear removal efficiencies between all groups except for the CNI (p > 0.05). Penetration depths and percentages increased from apically to coronally in all groups. The PUI and EDDY generally showed similar penetration depths and percentages to the CNI, except at the coronal root level (p > 0.05). In all groups, when PIPS was used, it showed greater penetration depth and percentage (p < 0.05). PIPS and SWEEPS techniques showed lowest and similar smear scores compared to PUI and EDDY in the apical area where access and effectiveness of the irrigation solution are difficult.Öğe Long-term evaluation of masseter muscle activity, dimensions, and elasticity after orthognathic surgery in skeletal class III patients(Springer Science and Business Media Deutschland GmbH, 2023) Müftüoğlu, Özge; Aktürk, Ezgi Sunal; Eren, Hakan; Görürgöz, Cansu; Karasu, Hakan Alpay; Orhan, Kaan; Akat, Bora; Memikoğlu, Tulin Ufuk ToygarObjective: To evaluate changes in the masseter muscle after orthognathic surgery using electromyography (EMG), ultrasonography (US), and ultrasound elastography (USE) in individuals with skeletal class III anomaly over long-term follow-up and compare with a control group. Materials and methods: The study group included 29 patients with class III dentofacial deformities scheduled to undergo orthodontic treatment and orthognathic surgery. The control group included 20 individuals with dental class I occlusion. Assessment of the masseter muscles using EMG, US, and USE was performed before orthognathic surgery (T1) and at postoperative 3 months (T2) and 1 year (T3) in the study group, and at a single time point in the control group. All assessments were performed at rest and during maximum clenching. Masseter muscle activity, dimension, and hardness were analyzed. Results: Electromyographic activity of the masseter muscle during maximum clenching was increased at postoperative 1 year but did not reach control group values. On ultrasonography, the masseter muscle showed minimal changes in dimension at postoperative 1 year compared to preoperative values and remained below control group values. The postoperative increase in masseter muscle hardness at rest and during maximum clenching persisted at postoperative 1 year. Conclusion: The results of this study suggest that after orthognathic surgery, additional interventions and much longer follow-up are needed to ensure better muscle adaptation to the new occlusion and skeletal morphology. Clinical relevance: All assessment methods are useful for comprehensively evaluating changes in the masticatory muscles after orthognathic surgery.Öğe Association between serum biomarkers and oral health status in children with chronic kidney disease: A cross-sectional study(Springer Science and Business Media Deutschland GmbH, 2023) Sezer, Berkant; Kodaman Dokumacıgil, Nur; Kaya, Remziye; Güven, Serçin; Türkkan, Özde Nisa; Çiçek, Neslihan; Alpay, Harika; Kargül, BetülObjectives: The aim of this study was to investigate the association between serum biomarkers and oral health parameters in children with chronic kidney disease (CKD). Materials and methods: Serum hemoglobin, blood urea nitrogen, serum creatinine, calcium, parathormone, magnesium, and phosphorus levels were measured in 62 children with CKD aged between 4 and 17 years. Intraoral examinations of the patients were performed by two different pediatric dentists. Dental caries was assessed using the decayed-missing-filled-teeth (DMFT/dmft) indexes, and oral hygiene was assessed using the debris (DI), calculus (CI), and simplified oral hygiene (OHI-S) indexes. Spearman’s rho coefficient and generalized linear modeling were used to examine the association between serum biomarkers and oral health parameters. Results: The results of the study showed that there were negative and statistically significant correlations between serum hemoglobin and creatinine levels and dmft scores in pediatric patients with CKD (p = 0.021 and p = 0.019, respectively). Furthermore, blood urea nitrogen levels and DI and OHI-S scores (p = 0.047 and p = 0.050, respectively); serum creatinine levels and DI, CI, and OHI-S scores (p = 0.005, p = 0.047, p = 0.043, respectively); and parathormone levels and CI and OHI-S scores (p = 0.001 and p = 0.017, respectively) were found to be positively and statistically significantly related. Conclusions: There are associations between various serum biomarker levels and dental caries and oral hygiene parameters in pediatric patients with CKD. Clinical relevance: The impact of changes in serum biomarkers on oral and dental health is important for dentists’ and medical professionals' approaches to patients' oral and systemic health.
