Kimya Mühendisliği Bölümü Koleksiyonu

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https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12428/2678

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Viologen-Benzothiadiazole-Based Porous Organic Polymers for High-Performance Photoelectrochemical Supercapacitors
(Wiley-V C H Verlag Gmbh, 2025) Altınışık, Sinem; Koyuncu, Sermet
Porous organic polymers (POPs) containing donor-acceptor (D-A) moieties have recently emerged as promising electrode materials for supercapacitors due to their tunable electronic structures, controlled charge transfer capabilities, and high redox activities. In this study, a light-absorbing D-A type POP was prepared using the solvothermal method by combining a benzothiadiazole-carbazole-based donor-acceptor core with viologen-based peripheral groups. The photoelectrochemical H-type cell was constructed with a viologen-based POP photoanode and a reduced graphene oxide (rGO) cathode electrode. The specific capacitance of the supercapacitor increased from 274.8 to 383.4 F/g at 1 A/g under illumination due to the decrease in charge transfer resistance of the electrode upon exposure to light. The constructed photoelectrochemical supercapacitor retained 88% of its capacitance after 10 000 cycles under irradiation and showed an energy density of approximately 80 Wh/kg under the same conditions. These results demonstrate the potential of photo responsive D-A POPs as efficient materials for multifunctional supercapacitors.
Huisgen Cycloaddition Reaction of Nitrile Imines With Acyl Phosphonates: Synthesis of Phosphonate Containing 1,3,4-Oxadiazoles and DFT Analysis
(Wiley, 2025) Polat Çakır, Sıdıka; Altınışık, Sinem
The application of the Huisgen cycloaddition reaction between acyl phosphonates (dipolarophile) and highly reactive intermediate nitrile imines (NI) as a 1,3-dipole in situ generated by the conversion of hydrazonyl chlorides in the presence of a base is reported to synthesize the phosphonate-containing 1,3,4-oxadiazole compounds in 53%–89% yields. Oxadiazole compounds stand out as significant target molecules in drug design and development due to their potential biological activities. Having a phosphonate group in the structure of the 1,3,4-oxadiazole may enhance biological activity be enhanced. We have synthesized 10 new phosphonate-containing oxadiazole compounds that are fully characterized by using spectroscopic analysis. Density Functional Theory (DFT) calculations were carried out to compare the energies of the frontier orbitals of the acyl phosphonates (dipolarophile) and NI (1,3 dipole) to determine the nature of the interaction between the dipolarophile and the 1,3-dipole. The relevant Huisgen cycloaddition reaction proceeds via a normal-electron demand (NED) pathway.
Sustainable Epoxy Biocomposites Reinforced With Tenebrio molitor Biofiller: A Comprehensive Study on Thermal, Mechanical, and Dielectric Properties
(Wiley, 2025) Özgen, İnanç; Aydoğmuş, Ercan; Öner, İlyas; Karagöz, Mustafa Hamdi; Arslanoğlu, Hasan
Obtaining biological material by drying and grinding Tenebrio molitor insects is original research in the field of innovative materials science. This study investigates the impact of T. molitor biofiller on the thermal, mechanical, and dielectric properties of epoxy-based biocomposites. The results revealed that increasing the content of the biofiller (from 0 to 4 wt.%) significantly reduced the bulk density (from 1134 to 1096 kg/m3), the Shore D hardness (from 77.6 to 73.1) and the thermal conductivity (from 0.112 to 0.090 W/m·K), while enhancing the thermal insulation properties. A non-linear regression model confirmed the progressive reduction in density, with an optimal biofiller ratio of 2 wt.% minimizing trade-offs in thermal stability (activation energy: 178.37 kJ/mol). Dielectric constant measurements (4.09–3.78) showed improved insulating properties. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and other microscopic analyses confirmed homogeneous filler distribution and preserved structural integrity at optimal loadings. These findings highlight the potential of the biofiller-reinforced composites for use in lightweight, sustainable applications in the construction, electronics, and automotive industries, in line with the goal of innovating eco-friendly materials.
Development of Polyurethane-Based Composites With Salt Clay and Industrial Wastes as Fillers: Corrosion, Mechanical Properties, and Machine Learning Insights
(Wiley, 2025) Dağ, Mustafa; Aydoğmuş, Ercan; Arslanoğlu, Hasan; Yalçın, Zehra Gülten; Barlak, Semahat
In this study, a polyurethane-based composite is developed by incorporating salt clay, ulexite, colemanite, and various other industrial waste materials. The effects of these fillers on the composite are evaluated and modeled using machine learning techniques. Among the tested models, random forest and neural network demonstrate the highest performance in predicting changes in compressive strength, hardness, and thermal conductivity. The dispersion of salt clay within the polyurethane matrix provides a 300%-500% increase in compressive strength and a 25%-40% improvement in hardness. Ulexite enhances compressive strength by 250%-350% and increases hardness by up to 30%, while colemanite contributes to a 400%-500% rise in compressive strength and a 35%-40% improvement in hardness. The addition of K & imath;rka clay waste and tincal further improves the composite's hardness and overall durability. Fly ash significantly increases compressive strength, although its effect on hardness is limited. The machine learning models effectively capture the relationship between input parameters and composite performance. The random forest model achieves a mean squared error (MSE) of 0.15 for compressive strength and 0.20 for hardness, while the neural network model yields the best results for thermal conductivity prediction with an MSE of 0.12. These findings highlight the potential of the developed composite for industrial applications, particularly in thermal insulation and low-load structural components. Future studies will focus on evaluating its performance under real-world conditions and further assessing its long-term durability.
Coordination-Driven Synthesis of Hierarchical Metal-Organic Network (MON) Particles for Efficient Cu(II) Removal: Structural Design-Characterization and Adsorption Performance
(Springer Int Publ Ag, 2025) Türk, Feride N.; Arslanoğlu, Hasan
Copper (Cu(II)) contamination in aquatic systems is a pressing environmental issue due to its high toxicity, bioaccumulation potential, and adverse effects on ecosystems and human health. Developing adsorbent materials with high capacity, structural stability, and tunable surface chemistry is essential for efficient water purification. In this study, hierarchical metal-organic network (MON) particles were synthesized via a coordination-driven polycondensation of polyphenols and formaldehyde, resulting in robust, fiber-like structures with well-defined micro- (similar to 1.6 nm) and mesopores (similar to 13.9 nm) and a high surface area of 212.58 m(2)/g. The hierarchical pore architecture enhances mass transfer and adsorption kinetics, enabling a maximum Cu(II) adsorption capacity of 417.21 mg/g at 301.15 K, following the pseudo-second-order kinetic model and Langmuir isotherm. Thermodynamic analysis revealed that adsorption is spontaneous and endothermic, indicating strong chemisorption interactions through oxygen-containing functional groups. These results demonstrate that coordination-driven self-assembly represents an effective strategy for designing high-performance adsorbents with controlled pore structures and superior metal-binding capabilities. Beyond Cu(II) removal, this approach holds significant potential for developing next-generation materials for advanced water treatment, environmental remediation, and sustainable resource recovery.
Electrospun Gum Arabic-Pvdf Based Adsorbent and Filter Production for Gray Water Treatment
(Springer, 2025) Katırcı, Ayşenur; Kahraman, Seniyecan; Uğur Nigiz, Filiz
Gray water is a major component of domestic wastewater, containing pollutants such as surfactants, dyes, oils, nitrates, and phosphates. Effective treatment of gray water is critical in terms of increasing water scarcity and sustainable water management. In this study, gum arabic (GA) was used as a low-cost, biocompatible, and functional additive to enhance the properties of polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) membranes. Electrospinning was employed to fabricate nanofiber membranes by incorporating GA into PVDF at different weight ratios (1-5 wt%). The membranes were characterized using SEM, FTIR, TGA, and DSC to assess morphological, chemical, and thermal properties. SEM analysis revealed uniform fiber distribution without pilling, and GA addition slightly reduced fiber diameters. Thermal analysis confirmed improved thermal stability and altered degradation behavior with GA. Results showed that the contact angle decreased with GA addition, indicating increased hydrophilicity. Tensile strength increased from 6 MPa to 12.5 MPa at 3 wt% GA. Adsorption experiments for methylene blue (MB), oil, microplastics (MP), and anionic surfactants (LAS) were optimized using response surface methodology (RSM). Filtration tests demonstrated rejection rates of 99% for MB, 87% for oil, and 100% for MP. LAS rejection efficiency increased from 26 to 67.63% at 2 wt% GA. However, adsorption performance remained limited. The results show that the developed PVDF/GA membranes have high potential in the filtration-based treatment of gray water and that this technology can be applied to similar types of wastewater.
Chitosan-Derived Porous Carbon for Efficient Adsorptive Removal of Amoxicillin and Doxycycline Antibiotics from Aqueous Systems
(Springer Int Publ Ag, 2025) Türk, Feride N.; Arslanoğlu, Hasan
Traditional antibiotic removal techniques-such as coagulation, membrane filtration, ozonation, and biodegradation-are often inadequate for large-scale applications due to limiting factors including high operational costs, complex system design, and the formation of toxic by-products. In addition, the low selectivity levels of these techniques and the need for additional post-treatment make it difficult to achieve effective and sustainable water treatment goals. The phosphoric acid-activated chitosan-derived carbon adsorbent proposed in this study demonstrated superior adsorption capacities for both amoxicillin and doxycycline, owing to its high surface area and abundant functional groups, aligning with sustainability principles. Thus, it stands out as an economical and environmentally friendly alternative that directly solves the shortcomings of previous methods. High-performance activated carbon was synthesized via phosphoric acid activation of chitosan for the removal of amoxicillin (AMX) and doxycycline (DOC) antibiotics from aqueous solutions. The adsorption efficiency was systematically evaluated in batch experiments at temperatures ranging from 30 to 50 degrees C, initial antibiotic concentrations of 50-400 mg/L, and pH levels spanning from 3 to 13. The phosphoric acid activation process significantly influenced the physicochemical properties of the resultant activated carbon, enhancing its structural and textural characteristics. The activated carbon exhibited a substantial surface area of 998.02 m2/g, a pore volume of 0.485 cm3/g, and an average pore diameter of 2.55 nm, structure favorable for adsorption. Furthermore, kinetic analysis revealed that the adsorption process followed the pseudo-first-order model, indicating that physisorption was the dominant mechanism. Equilibrium data were best described by the Langmuir isotherm model, highlighting monolayer adsorption on a homogeneous surface. The maximum adsorption capacities for AMX and DOC were determined to be 227.18 mg/g and 299.07 mg/g, respectively, at 50 degrees C, demonstrating the high affinity of the adsorbent for these pharmaceutical contaminants. These findings indicate that chitosan-derived activated carbon is a cost-effective, sustainable material with strong potential for removing antibiotic contaminants from wastewater.
Selective Separation of Carbon Dioxide in Flue Gases with Metal Organic Framework Doped Polyether Block Amide Membrane
(Springer Int Publ Ag, 2025) Uğur Nigiz, Filiz
Carbon dioxide (CO2) is a polluting gas in the atmosphere that has a greenhouse effect and directly causes global warming. Carbon dioxide is produced from natural sources and industrial sources as a result of combustion. When carbon dioxide from these sources is not used correctly, it is released into the atmosphere and the concentration in the atmosphere increases. This change in the atmosphere causes global warming and climate change. Therefore, reducing carbon dioxide emissions in the atmosphere is vital. In this study, polyether block amide (PEBA, Pebax 1657) nonporous membranes were prepared and tested for the separation of carbon dioxide from simulated flue gas. In order to increase the carbon dioxide selectivity and permeability, a zirconium-based metal organic framework (MOF, MIL 140B) was prepared and incorporated into the matrix. The effect of MIL 140B additive was investigated in single and mixed gas separation experiments. Additionally, the effects of pressure and concentration on separation performance were studied. As a result, it was seen that the produced membrane had an excellent structure and the MIL 140B additive significantly increased both the mechanical properties (14.56 MPa) of the membrane and the separation performance. The highest separation result of was obtained as 77.2 CO2 selectivity and 93.5 Barrer carbon dioxide permeability with 4 wt. % MIL 140B doped membrane.
Removal of Cr(VI) from Aqueous Solutions Using Thermal Power Plant Gas Purification Waste (Reduction and Adsorption of Hexavalent Chromium), Interpretation of Mechanism: Disposal of Waste and Residues
(Springer Int Publ Ag, 2025) Sağlam, Semanur; Eren, Sena; Türk, Feride N.; Arslanoğlu, Hasan
Flue Gas Desulfurization System (FGD) is a treatment system that has been made mandatory in thermal power plants for sulfur retention in recent years. FGD systems have been made mandatory in coal-based energy generating systems, especially in order to reduce the increasing greenhouse gas effect and to prevent the release of coal-derived sulfur oxides into nature. The hot waste steam from the boiler is sent to the FGD columns and milk of lime is fed to absorb the sulfur oxides. After treatment, thermal power plant gas treatment waste (PW) with a high content of gypsum is produced. In this study, the removal of chromium from aqueous solutions by PW was investigated. Cr(VI) adsorption studies were optimized using Taguchi analysis. In this context, L25 Taguchi orthogonal array was applied using 5 factors and 5 levels to optimize experimental parameters such as pH, dosage, contact time, concentration, temperature which affect adsorption. Elemental analysis, BET, TGA, XRD, XRD, FT-IR analyses were applied to determine the physicochemical properties of the waste. Adsorption isotherms and kinetics were also studied to investigate the Cr(VI) removal and mechanism of the material. The optimum experimental conditions were determined as initial pH 2.13, concentration 20 mg/L, dosage 22.5 g/L, time 12 h and temperature 32.5 degrees C by Taguchi method. Under these conditions, 100% Cr(VI) removal was successfully achieved. The results obtained show that PW is successful in Cr(VI) removal. The utilization of FGD waste is very important in terms of sustainability and environment. An alternative method has been presented as a solution to the increasing depletion of global water resources and the increasing need for land for PW storage.
Comparative Assessment of Lead (Pb) and Zinc (Zn) Leaching Behavior from Zinc Extraction Residues Using Monovalent and Divalent Chloride Salts
(Springer, 2025) Türk, Feride N.; Uğur, Mücahit; Arslanoğlu, Hasan
It is crucial for waste management to economically utilize the solid leach residues released in zinc production facilities, classified as hazardous waste because of the metals they contain, without harming the environment and human health. Although the disposal of these residues often requires special technologies, hazardous wastes are left in the environment or landfills because of the expense of these technologies and the inadequacy of legal sanctions in some cases. Therefore, it is important from both an economic and environmental perspective to evaluate these residues and return them to the industry. This work aims to extract Pb and Zn metals from zinc extraction residuals in the presence of various chloride salts such as magnesium chloride, calcium chloride and potassium chloride. For this purpose, the chemical analysis of ZER (zinc extraction residual) was conducted by the LiBO2 fusion-HNO3 solubilization method, and its Pb and Zn contents were found to be 15.88% and 10.02%, respectively. The leaching experiments were carried out in two ways. The first group of leaching experiments was carried out by boiling under reflux and stirring, and KCl salt was found to be the most suitable leaching agent. The second group of experiments was performed in Erlenmeyer flasks using a shaker incubator at different temperatures (25-55 degrees C) and at varied KCl concentrations (0.6-5 N). Based on the experimental findings, the extraction efficiency of lead (Pb) is substantially higher than that of zinc (Zn) in the presence of all investigated chloride salts. While Pb dissolution demonstrates a strong dependence on the chloride salt concentration, particularly beyond certain threshold levels, the Zn extraction yield exhibits minimal variation across the same concentration range. This indicates that chloride ions preferentially promote the solubilization of Pb species, likely due to the formation of more stable and soluble Pb-Cl complexes, whereas Zn appears to have a lower affinity for chloride complexation under the studied leaching conditions. On the other hand, the Pb extraction value increased with increasing KCl concentration, and it reached 80.9% in KCl concentration of 4 N. In addition, the amount of Zn dissolved at different KCl concentrations plateaued at 25%.
DTPA-Assisted Selective Leaching of Mo, Co, Ni, and Al from Spent Hydrodesulfurization Catalysts
(Springer, 2025) Türk, Feride N.; Arslanoğlu, Hasan
The extraction of cobalt (Co), nickel (Ni), molybdenum (Mo), and aluminum (Al) from an alumina-supported hydrodesulfurization (HDS) spent catalyst was examined using diethylene triamine pentaacetic acid (DTPA) as a chelating agent. To assess the impact of different metals on leaching efficiency, a roasting pretreatment was performed on powdered catalyst samples at various temperatures (300-700 degrees C) and durations (15-360 min). The morphological and textural modifications before and after roasting were characterized using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) analysis. The optimal roasting parameters were determined to be 600 degrees C for 180 min, under which the maximum metal extraction efficiencies were obtained: 71.05% for Mo, 80.06% for Co, 73.86% for Ni, and 15.33 % for Al. Leaching experiments were conducted with a particle size range of + 75 to - 30 mu m, a liquid-to-solid ratio of 15 mL/g, a DTPA concentration of 0.2 M, a leaching temperature of 60 degrees C, a duration of 180 min, and a stirring rate of 200 rpm. The findings highlight that both roasting temperature and time play a crucial role in enhancing metal dissolution from the spent catalyst.
Hydrophilic porous organic polymers with fluorene-viologen units for enhanced photocatalytic hydrogen production
(Elsevier, 2025) Altınışık, Sinem; Yıldız, Gizem; Turgut, Kübra; Yayla, Cansu; Hatay Patır, İmren; Koyuncu, Sermet
The rising energy demand and environmental concerns have intensified the search for clean energy solutions. Photocatalytic water splitting offers a promising route, yet efficiency remains limited by the need for advanced photocatalysts with enhanced light absorption, charge separation, and water interaction. Porous organic polymers (POPs) are emerging as efficient materials for solar energy conversion due to their ordered conjugated structures. This study explores the impact of a ketone moiety on the hydrophilicity and photocatalytic hydrogen evolution efficiency of fluorene-bridged bicarbazole-viologen-based POPs (POP-MB-TP(DCzFO) and POP-MB-TP(DCzF)). Our results show that POP-MB-TP(DCzF) achieves a hydrogen evolution rate of 3.37 mmol g−1 h−1, nearly twice that of POP-MB-TP(DCzFO) (1.72 mmol g−1 h−1). This improvement highlights the role of hydrophilicity in charge transport and catalytic efficiency, providing insights for designing highly efficient organic photocatalysts for sustainable hydrogen production.
Valorization of biomass-derived magnetic activated carbon from vinasse and grape marc for sustainable bitumen modification
(Pergamon-Elsevier Science Ltd, 2025) Ozdemir, Ahmet Munir; Yilmaz, Bahadir; Arslanoğlu, Hasan
Agricultural and food-processing residues represent abundant biomass resources with untapped potential for sustainable material production in the bioenergy sector. Functional renewable materials are obtained by using such residues in high-value applications such as bitumen modification. This study investigates the use of magnetic activated carbon (MAC), synthesized from by-products from bioethanol production (vinasse and grape marc) as a sustainable additive for modifying 160/220 penetration-grade bitumen. The objective is to enhance the rheological performance of bitumen under varying thermal and loading conditions. Modified binders containing 5 %, 10 %, and 15 % MAC were evaluated using dynamic mechanical analysis. Master curves for complex modulus and viscosity were developed using the Christensen-Anderson, Cross, and Carreau-Yasuda models. The results show that MAC incorporation improves elasticity, increases zero-shear viscosity, and enhances resistance to permanent deformation. In particular, it was observed that the addition of 15 % MAC increased the ZSV and G∗/sinδ (64 °C) values by approximately 35 % and 95 % compared to pure binder, respectively. Rheological index (R) values increased by 38 %. The findings suggest that MAC-modified binders offer a promising solution for improving the performance of bituminous pavements in hot climates. Beyond advancing pavement performance, this work demonstrates a high-value utilization pathway for biomass residues, linking waste valorization to renewable material development within the bioenergy framework.
From surface to core: Exploring bulk hydrophobicity in geopolymer tiles
(Elsevier Sci Ltd, 2025) Akarken, Gürkan; Cengiz, Uğur
This study presents a pioneering approach to produce superhydrophobic bulk geopolymer tiles (SBGT) using a novel concurrent polymerization and cold-press technique. Unlike traditional hydrophobic coatings that degrade over time, this method achieves bulk hydrophobicity by integrating fluoroalkyl silane (FAS) modification directly into the geopolymerization process. The exothermic heat released during geopolymerization was utilized to trigger a sol-gel reaction, enabling chemical grafting of the hydrophobic agent within the geopolymer matrix. The resulting SBGT materials exhibited exceptional hydrophobic properties, with water contact angles (WCA) exceeding 150 degrees, demonstrating complete superhydrophobicity based on both static and dynamic criteria. Selfcleaning tests confirmed the high dust-repelling capability, and liquid resistance tests demonstrated strong non-wettability against common household liquids (coffee, tea, wine, and milk). Furthermore, sandpaper abrasion and water dripping tests revealed that SBGTs maintain their hydrophobicity even under mechanical stress, highlighting their long-term durability. Additionally, mechanical strength analyses showed that while moderate FAS concentrations enhanced flexural strength, excessive amounts led to a decline due to microstructural disruptions. X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM/EDX) analyses confirmed the transformation of the geopolymer into an amorphous aluminosilicate gel, reinforcing its mechanical integrity and water resistance. This is the first study to successfully implement simultaneous concurrent polymerization and hydrophobic modification in cold press geopolymer synthesis, producing a fully hydrophobic bulk material without post-processing treatments. These findings demonstrate the commercial potential of SBGTs for selfcleaning, moisture-resistant, and energy-efficient building applications.
Light driven photocatalytic hydrogen generation using BODIPY-thiophene-covalent organic polymers
(Pergamon-Elsevier Science Ltd, 2025) Turgut, Kübra; Özdemir, Mücahit; Yıldız, Gizem; Yalçın, Bahattin; Koyuncu, Sermet; Köksoy, Baybars; Hatay Patır, İmren
Boron-dipyrromethene (BODIPY) - based dyes have recently garnered attention as sensitizers for photocatalytic hydrogen production. They exhibit high catalytic activity through efficient electron transfer, owing to their unique properties such as high molar absorptivity, adjustable absorption and emission energies, and high fluorescence quantum efficiencies. In this study, the effect of a –OH subunit that can increase hydrophilicity on the photocatalytic hydrogen evolution in BODIPY-thiophene-based covalent organic polymers (COP) was investigated. In the conducted research, COP structures were integrated into BODIPY to enhance their light absorption capabilities, aiming to serve as photocatalysts for energy conversions under simple conditions. In the proposed system, Thiophene-BODIPY-based dyes are integrated into COP structures, where they facilitate electron excitation upon light absorption, thereby playing an effective role in photocatalytic reactions by promoting electron transfer. The photocatalyst, modified with titanium dioxide (TiO2) nanoparticles, exhibited notable performance in enhancing the efficiency of the hydrogen production process, owing to its light absorption capabilities, multifunctional fluorescent properties, and electron-accepting characteristics. The synthesized BODIPY-Th-COP-OH_TiO2 photocatalyst demonstrated higher hydrogen activity compared to BODIPY-Th-COP-CH3_TiO2, attributed to the presence of hydroxyl groups promoted hydrophilic character in the catalyst structure. Therefore, BODIPY-Th-COP-X_TiO2 photocatalysts (X: OH, CH3) utilizing methanol as sacrificial agent yielded hydrogen amounts of 0.197 mmol g−1 h−1 and 0.132 mmol g−1 h−1 for BODIPY-Th-COP-OH_TiO2 and BODIPY-Th-COP-CH3_TiO2 photocatalysts, respectively, under visible light illumination.
Boron-depleted geothermal water as an alternative irrigation source: Effects on the germination and nutritional composition of edible seed sprouts
(Elsevier Inc., 2025) Orhun, Gül Ebru; Bektaş, Tijen Ennil; Orhun, Eda; Yılmaz, Damla
This study aims to evaluate the usability of boron-depleted geothermal resources as irrigation water for the cultivation of seed sprouts intended for food consumption. Initially, high concentrations of boron in the Tuzla geothermal resources were reduced using cost-boron selective resin Resinex BR.1. Subsequently, the water obtained from this process was used to grow wheat, pea, and corn seed sprouts. The primary objective is to assess the impact of irrigation with boron-depleted geothermal water on germination properties, as well as on the nutritional and anti-nutritional contents of the sprouts. According to t-test results, almost all examined features showed significant differences (p < 0.01). Irrigation water with boron- depleted geothermal fluid containing less than 1 ppm boron resulted in a decrease in the germination rate of wheat and maize seeds compared to their control groups. But the water resulted in an increase on the germination rate of pea seeds compared to their control groups. Significant variations were observed in the responses of different species to this irrigation water. Ultimately, using boron-depleted geothermal fluid as irrigation positively affected the phenolic compounds, total phenolic content, and vitamin C levels in the sprouts, enhancing their nutritional value.
Comparative analysis of artificial neural networks and adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference system for biocomposite material synthesis and property prediction
(Elsevier Science Sa, 2025) Aydin, Muhammet; Aydogmus, Ercan; Arslanoğlu, Hasan
Biocomposite materials (BMs) are becoming increasingly prevalent in modern applications. Estimating their production values involves various techniques, depending on the proportions of materials used. Among these techniques, artificial neural networks (ANN), fuzzy logic, statistical methods, and the adaptive neural fuzzy inference system are prominent. In this study, polyester biocomposites have been synthesized experimentally by adjusting the quantities of methyl ethyl ketone peroxide (MEKP), cobalt octoate (Co Oc) metal catalyst, marble factory waste, modified castor oil (MCO), and polyester raw material (UP) in specific ratios. The testing and analysis of these materials are conducted to determine parameters such as bulk density (BD), thermal conductivity coefficient (TCC), and activation energy (Ea). Subsequently, input and output values of the BMs are obtained, and ANN and adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference system (ANFIS) methods are employed for assessment. Both networks are trained and modeled using experimental data to construct their respective architectures. Validation of the models has been performed using data separate from the training set. A comparison between the actual values and those predicted by the network architectures revealed that the ANN method yielded outcomes with an average error of 0.3849 %, outperforming ANFIS. The findings showed that while ANFIS produced superior predictions for the Ea output value, the ANN structure fared better in predicting output values the BD and TCC.
Photopolymerized PEDOT-coated polydopamine: A Green approach for supercapacitor electrode materials
(Elsevier, 2025) Ermiş, Sena; Tohtayeva, Jahan; Altınışık, Sinem; Uluçay, Sude; Jockusch, Steffen; Kıskan, Barış; Koyuncu, Sermet
Conjugated conductive polymers (CCPs) are promising electrode materials for next-generation supercapacitors (SCs), yet their scalable and eco-friendly synthesis remains a challenge. Here, we report a light-driven, in-situ polymerization of EDOT onto polydopamine (PDA@PEDOT), offering a sustainable, photoinitiated route for high-performance SC electrodes. Using an organic, environmentally safe photoinitiator and ethanol as a green solvent, this method achieves uniform PEDOT deposition on PDA with minimal energy input. Using a three-electrode method, the resulting PDA@PEDOT electrode exhibits exceptional electrochemical performance, including a high specific capacitance of 275 F g−1 at 1.0 A g−1, an energy density of 34.04 W h kg−1, and excellent adhesion properties. The synergistic non-covalent interactions between PDA's amine, catechol, quinone functionalities and PEDOT are credited to enhance ion transport through the electrode, improving SC efficiency. These exceptional properties, alongside strong adhesion and uniform deposition of PEDOT on PDA, demonstrate the novelty of the advanced photopolymerization approach. Our eco-friendly photopolymerization method paves the way for sustainable, high-performance SC electrode fabrication, bridging the gap between sustainable chemistry and next-generation energy storage.
Light-Induced Performance Enhancement of Supercapacitors through Thiol-Ene Click Surface Functionalization of Thienothiophene-BODIPY Porous Polymers
(American Chemical Soc, 2025) Özdemir, Mücahit; Uluçay, Sude; Sevimli, Esra; Altınışık, Sinem; Köksoy, Baybars; Yalçın, Bahattin; Koyuncu, Sermet
Photoassisted supercapacitors are emerging as next-generation energy storage devices that synergistically combine light harvesting and electrochemical energy storage. BODIPY-based semiconductors, known for their strong light absorption, tunable electronic properties, and photostability, have recently attracted attention as efficient photoactive components in such systems. This study investigates the potential use of cross-linked thieno[3,2-b]thiophene-BODIPY polymer as an electrode material for photoassisted supercapacitors, prepared through a surface functionalization approach using thiol-ene click chemistry. The polymer exhibited broad-band absorption and a low band gap due to extended conjugation, as confirmed by UV-vis and fluorescence spectroscopy, along with comprehensive optical, electrochemical, and morphological characterization. DFT calculations showed that the HOMO-LUMO energy gap narrows under illumination, indicating improved charge transport. Cyclic voltammetry (CV), galvanostatic charge-discharge (GCD), and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) measurements confirmed that the cross-linked polymer offers high capacitance, low internal resistance, and long cycle stability. In terms of supercapacitor performance, a photoinduced enhancement of up to 50% in specific capacitance was observed under light. At a current density of 1.0 A/g, the specific capacitance increased from 240 F/g in the dark to 362 F/g under illumination. Stability tests conducted over 2000 cycles demonstrated that the supercapacitor retained 90% of its initial capacitance.
Effects of alkaline treated and untreated halloysite on the properties of poly(butylene succinate)/halloysite composite films
(Pamukkale Univ, 2025) Üçpınar, Bedriye
Today, the growing use of disposable plastics, primarily obtained from synthetic polymers, requires the development of biodegradable and biobased alternatives. Here, efforts were made to improve the properties of poly (butylene succinate) (PBS), which is bio-based and biodegradable. Halloysite nanotubes (HNTs) was incorporated to improve the mechanical and thermal properties of PBS. The effects of alkaline treatment on the properties of PBS/HNT composite films were evaluated. The raw HNT powder was treated with NaOH, yielding alkaline HNT (HNT-A), which was compared with untreated HNT. Alkalization resulted in an increase in the diameters of HNTs and enhancement of thermal properties with HNT-A resulting 82% residue at 600 degrees C. Subsequently, PBS composites reinforced with both HNT and HNT-A were fabricated through melt blending and compression molding techniques. The inclusion of HNT and HNT-A increased tensile strength of neat PBSfrom 13.8 MPa to around 15.9-17.7 MPa. However, alkalization had no considerable effects on the mechanical characteristic. The thermal stability changed with HNT-A reinforced films showing a residue of 5.2% at 600 degrees C, compared to 4.2% for untreated HNT films and 1.3% for neat PBS. Also, HNT-A reinforced films exhibited higher crystallinity (up to 51.3%) compared to untreated HNT films (49.4%), indicating that HNT-A acts as a nucleating agent. This paper presents valuable insights into the development of environmentally friendly materials for food packaging and highlights the potential of alkali-treated HNTs to enhance the properties of PBS as an alternative to conventional plastics, paving the way for researchers to explore further applications such as active packaging.

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