Bahçe Bitkileri Bölümü Koleksiyonu

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https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12428/2720

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Determination of the variation in volatile components during the ripening of Sorbus domestica L. fruit
(Czech Academy Agricultural Sciences, 2025) Gür, Engin; Gündoğdu, Mehmet Ali; Başaran, Tuba
Sorbus domestica L. is a deciduous shrub-like tree in the Rosaceae family that reaches different heights (3-25 m). The service tree commonly grows in the Marmara region, Central and Western Black Sea regions, and Central Anatolia in Tiirkiye. The fruit of the service tree called Sorbus domestica, has an essential place in regards to human health in terms of its antioxidant values. The aroma components and phenolic compounds it contains display a variety of physiological traits. This study was carried out to determine the changes in the pomological characteristics and volatile compounds of Sorbus domestica L. fruits in the Tokat region at harvest and the consuming maturities in 2019 and 2020. The aroma extraction from the Sorbus fruits identified esters, alcohols, ketones, aldehydes, terpenes, and other volatile aroma compounds. As a result of the study, differences in aldehydes, esters, and terpene compounds were notable within the scope of the volatile aroma compounds. According to the obtained information, our results identified total aldehydes of 70.64%, esters of 7.49%, and terpenes of 21.35% in Sorbus domestica during the harvest maturity. When Sorbus fruits were left at room temperature until consuming for consumption was reached, the volatile compound rates varied which were 60.59% for the aldehydes, 22.49% for the esters, and 13.20% for the terpenes.
Determination of Genome Size Differentiation and Ploidy Levels in Some Citrus Rootstock Populations
(Kahramanmaraş Sütçü İmam Üniversitesi, 2025) Polatöz, Sefa; Şeker, Murat; Kaya, Çağlar
Determining the ploidy level of plant material used in breeding studies is of great importance, especially for biotechnology applications. The existing genetic diversity in citrus allows the use of rootstocks and varieties that can be adapted to different climatic and soil conditions through different breeding methods. Several suitable rootstocks are used for commercial citrus. This study was conducted to determine the genome size and ploidy levels of citrus rootstocks widely used worldwide using flow cytometry. The rootstocks used in the study included Gou-Tou, C-35, Troyer citrus, Taiwanica, Citremon, Yuzu, Sunki mandarin, Flying Dragon, Yuma citrus, Macrophylla and Chinese orange. Fresh leaf tissue from each rootstock was mixed with triploid Tahitian lemon leaf tissue, used as a standard species, and cell nuclei were isolated. The cells stained with propidium iodide were analysed by flow cytometry, and histograms and cytograms were obtained. According to the results, although all species had diploid genome sizes, differences were observed between species in terms of genome volume. Yuzu seedlings were found to have the largest genome size (0.808 pg/2C), while Flying Dragon trifoliate had the smallest genome size (0.700 pg/2C).
Assessing the Aromatic and Quality Components of a Novel Peach Genotype ('Sırrı') Grafted onto Various Rootstocks in the Lapseki Area
(MDPI, 2025) Gür, Engin; Gündoğdu, Mehmet Ali; Yılmaz, Neşe; Şeker, Murat
This study examines how various rootstocks affect the pomological, biochemical, and aroma contents of the local ‘Sırrı’ peach genotype grown in the Lapseki region of Türkiye. The research focused on peach trees grafted onto three distinct rootstocks: ‘Seedling’, ‘GF-677’ (P. persica × P. amygdalus), and ‘Rootpac-R’ (P. cerasifera × P. amygdalus). The results showed that peaches from the ‘Seedling’ and ‘GF-677’ rootstocks had larger sizes, greater weights, and brighter colors compared to those from ‘Rootpac-R’. Furthermore, the rootstocks impacted essential quality factors such as soluble solid content, firmness, fruit–flesh ratio, titratable acidity, and total phenolic content levels. The analysis of volatile compounds indicated that aldehydes (which varied from 67.02% to 63.74%), lactones (which changed from 9.14% to 7.99%), and esters (which changed from 12.51% to 11.92%) were the major aroma types in ‘Sırrı’ peaches, with the ‘GF-677’ rootstock exhibiting amplified fruity and sweet aromas due to increased lactone levels. Principal Component Analysis (PCA) revealed the significant effects of rootstocks on both pomological and biochemical characteristics, with ‘Seedling’ showing elevated biophenol levels and ‘GF-677’ contributing to a firmer texture. These findings underscore the importance of rootstock choice in enhancing fruit quality and aroma, indicating that the ‘Sırrı’ genotype is highly suitable for commercial production and future breeding efforts.
Tozlayıcı Olarak Kuntra (Karasakız) ve Vasilâki Üzüm Çeşitlerinin Kullanıldığı Bozcaada Çavuşu (Vitis vinifera L.) Üzüm Çeşidinde Verim ve Kalite Özelliklerinin Belirlenmesi
(Namık Kemal Üniversitesi, 2022) Şahin, Esra; Dardeniz, Alper
Yürütülen bu araştırmada, tozlayıcı olarak Kuntra (Karasakız) ve Vasilâki üzüm çeşitlerinin kullanıldığı Bozcaada Çavuşu (Vitis vinifera L.) üzüm çeşidinde verim ve kalite özelliklerinin belirlenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Bu kapsamda; ortalama verim (g omca–1), salkım eni (cm), salkım boyu (cm), salkım sıklığı (1–9), salkım ağırlığı (g salkım–1), salkım boyu/salkım eni, salkım sayısı (adet omca–1), tane eni (mm), tane boyu (mm), tane ağırlığı (g tane–1), tane boyu/tane eni, tane sayısı (adet salkım–1), ortalama çekirdek sayısı (adet tane–1), kabuk kalınlığı (mm), kabuk rengi (L, Chroma ve °Hue), suda çözünen kuru madde (%SÇKM), pH, %asitlik ve olgunluk indisi (%SÇKM %asitlik–1) incelenmiştir. Araştırma, 10 tekerrür ve her tekerrürde birer omca olacak şekilde planlanmıştır. Tozlayıcı olarak Kuntra (Karasakız) üzüm çeşidinin kullanıldığı bağda Bozcaada Çavuşu üzüm çeşidinin ortalama verim (2756.1 g omca–1), salkım eni (10.22 cm), salkım boyu (13.85 cm), salkım ağırlığı (280.16 g salkım–1), tane eni (20.73 mm), tane boyu (23.12 mm), tane ağırlığı (6.63 g tane–1) ve tane sayısı (40.36 adet salkım–1) özellikleri, tozlayıcı olarak Vasilâki üzüm çeşidinin kullanıldığı bağdakine kıyasla daha yüksek bulunmuştur. Diğer yandan tozlayıcı olarak Vasilâki üzüm çeşidinin kullanıldığı bağda Bozcaada Çavuşu üzüm çeşidinin salkım boyu/salkım eni (1.498), tane boyu/tane eni (1.140), kabuk kalınlığı (0.086 mm), %SÇKM (%18.17), pH (3.51) ve olgunluk indisi (31.42) özellikleri, tozlayıcı olarak Kuntra (Karasakız) üzüm çeşidinin kullanıldığı bağdakine kıyasla daha yüksek bulunmuştur. Tozlayıcı olarak Kuntra üzüm çeşidi kullanılarak kurulmuş bağda Bozcaada Çavuşu üzüm çeşidinin tane sayısı ve ortalama veriminin daha yüksek olması, tane gelişimi ve olgunluğu nispeten geciktirmiştir. Böylece Bozcaada Çavuşu üzüm çeşidinin daha geç tarihte hasat edilmesiyle birlikte, Bozcaada’daki sınırlı hasat periyodunun da uzatılmasına katkı sağlanabileceği sonucuna varılmıştır.
Effects of 225, 23S-homobrassinolide and gibberellic acid on formation of double fruits in 'Bing' sweet cherry
(Int Soc Horticultural Science, 2016) Engin, Hakan; Gökbayrak, Zeliha
Plant growth regulators play a vital role in flower bud formation and development of floral parts. To this effect, 22S, 23S-homobrassinolide (HBr) and GA(3) were tested on 'Bing' sweet cherry to determine their influence on the occurrence of doubling during the development of buds, flowers and fruits. The substances were applied for a 2-year period with a handgun sprayer at the transition stage from sepal to petal differentiation. GA(3) was applied at 25, 50, and 100 mg L-1, and HBr at 0.05, 0.1 and 0.5 mg L-1. The results showed that the percentage of doubling (buds, flowers and fruits) was increased with all applications of HBr. GA(3) decreased double ovaries during full bloom and the percentage of double fruits in the following year. In all experiments (except for 25 mg L-1 GA(3)) the frequency of double pistils in the flowers at full bloom was lower than that observed in the buds the previous autumn. The frequency of double fruits in the first year of treatment was lower than in the second year of treatment.
Demonstration of linkage and development of the first low-density genetic map of garlic, based on AFLP markers
(Springer, 2005) İpek, Meryem; İpek, A.; Almquist, SG; Simon, PW
Garlic (Allium sativum L.) is a long-cultivated, clonally propagated diploid plant (2n=2x=16). With routine seed production now underway, we used populations (MP1 and MP2) generated by self-pollination of unrelated plants to generate two low-density genetic maps of garlic, consisting of amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) and gene-specific markers. We did not observe any two plants with identical marker patterns in either population, indicating that they were the result of amphimixis rather than apomixis. This is an important finding, since several Alliums are facultative apomicts. A total of 360 markers segregated in MP1 (12.8 AFLP markers per primer combination) and 321 markers segregated in MP2 (13.9 per primer combination) to indicate a fairly high level of genetic heterozygosity in the garlic nuclear genome. Of these markers, 15.3% in MP1 and 24.3% in MP2 had segregation ratios distorted from the expected 3: 1. Interestingly, 94.7% of those distorted segregations fit a 15: 1 segregation ratio for duplicated loci, suggesting extensive levels of duplication in the garlic genome and supporting similar observations for onion. The genetic map for the MP1 family with 216 markers spanned 1,166 cM of the garlic genome ( 5.4 cM average), while 143 markers of MP2 spanned 862 cM ( 6.0 cM average). Gene-specific markers for alliinase, chitinase, sucrose 1-fructosyltransferase (SST-1), and chalcone synthase (CHS) were mapped, demonstrating the immediate utility of the garlic genetic map. These two garlic families had relatively few segregating AFLP markers in common, which supports their relatively distant relationship based on diversity analysis. Of those markers that were conserved, linkages were also conserved.
Discrimination of water stress in pepper using thermography and leaf turgor pressure probe techniques
(Elsevier B.V., 2021) Çamoğlu, Gökhan; Demirel, Kürşad; Kahrıman, Fatih; Akçal, Arda; Nar, Hakan; Boran, Ahmet; Eroğlu, İlker; Genç, Levent
The use of technology is spreading rapidly in modern agriculture with remote sensing and sensor technologies becoming more important. The objective of this study is to investigate the possibilities of determining the water stress level and irrigation time in peppers using leaf pressure probes based on turgor pressure and thermography techniques. An experiment consisting of four different irrigation treatments (100%, 75%, 50% and 25%) was conducted in Canakkale province, Turkey in the 2017–2018 summer growing seasons. During this seasons, leaf turgor pressure (Pp) and soil moisture levels were recorded in real time by a remote monitoring system. Thermographic measurements were taken before each irrigation. Data were analyzed using the analysis of variance and regression tree methods. Results show that both Pp and thermal data significantly differed according to water stress. Pp values decreased partially after irrigation and increased until the next irrigation. However, it was observed that it is not enough to decide the irrigation time using results obtained from graphical readings only. Models including meteorological features strengthen the decision-making models. According to the classification and regression tree analysis, it was revealed that there is a potential to separate the treatments, especially in models including thermal indices. Leaf turgor pressure data and thermal indices, which are plant-based monitoring techniques, have the potential to be used in determining irrigation time and distinguishing water stress in the pepper plant. However, there is a need for more studies especially in laboratory conditions, to understand the mechanisms in plants and how environmental conditions affect the responses of Pp probes.
Drying of Sultana seedless (Vitis vinifera L.) grape variety in indirect drying chamber using solar air collector with conic dimpled absorber: The case of end-season drying
(Elsevier Ltd, 2024) Çoban, Harun; Abuşka, Mesut
The main functions of mechanical drying are to extend the drying season, prevent reduction in dry product mass due to immature harvest, and obtain high-quality products without exposure to rainy weather conditions. A SAC with a conic dimpled absorber-assisted indirect solar dryer was designed, manufactured, and tested for the Sultana Seedless grapes under the end-season conditions. Also, the effect of medicinal chamomile oils on the color quality of raisins was investigated. While the first three days of the drying experiment were reminiscent of summer, the remaining days were characteristic of autumn. The thermal efficiency of the collector at a flow rate of 0.05 kg/s was realized as 66.33 % and 48.27 % on average during the days (between hours of 10:00–15:00), depending on the psychrometric conditions. The moisture content of the grapes (22.5 brix) decreased from 3.37 to 0.22 kgw/kgsm and lasted for 272 h/12 days. It has been revealed that the collector efficiency and drying time were significantly affected by the psychrometric conditions, and the use of medicinal chamomile oil in dipping pretreatment increased the color quality of raisins. Effective use of the SAC in the end-season drying process should be increased by techniques such as serial connection and heat storage.
Plant-based monitoring techniques to detect yield and physiological responses in water-stressed pepper
(Elsevier B.V., 2024) Çamoğlu, Gökhan; Demirel, Kürşad; Kahrıman, Fatih; Akçal, Arda; Nar, Hakan
Today, the use of sensors and imaging techniques, which are used to obtain information about plants and soil in smart irrigation systems, is rapidly becoming widespread. This study aimed to investigate the usability of leaf turgor pressure and thermal images from plant-based monitoring techniques to detect water stress and the irrigation time of pepper (Capsicum annuum L. cv. “California Wonder”) and to determine their relationship with physiological traits in Canakkale/Türkiye in 2017 and 2018. The four irrigation treatments (100%, 75%, 50%, and 25%) were applied in the experiment. Leaf turgor pressure (Pp), thermal images and physiological measurements were carried out during the growing season. Soil moisture and Pp were monitored in real time by remote. Thermal and physiological measurements were made before each irrigation. As a result of the study, the average evapotranspiration (ETc) was 697 mm, and the yield value was 83.7 t ha−1 under non-stress conditions. Depending on the decrease in ETc, yield values also decreased significantly. Leaf water potential and stomatal conductivity values were statistically different in all irrigation treatments. The change in the activity of catalase (CAT) due to water stress was greater than that of superoxide dismutase (SOD). In this case, it can be said that other physiological traits are more successful than SOD in distinguishing water stress. According to the regression models, significant relationships were determined between both the indices calculated from the thermal images and Pp, yield, and physiological traits. The predictive ability of Pp values has been strengthened with the addition of meteorological properties to the model in general. The highest correlation (R2 =0.63) was between Pp + meteorological properties and CAT. All the regression models between physiological traits and indices calculated from thermal images were statistically significant. The highest R2 values were obtained in August. In this month, the highest correlations were between Crop Water Stress Index (CWSIp) and leaf water potential / stomatal conductivity (R2 =0.91), IGp and stomatal conductivity (R2 =0.80). The predictive power of CWSIp was higher than Stomatal Conductivity Index (IGp). The experiment illustrated that Pp and temperature data, which are plant-based monitoring methods, have the potential to detect water stress in peppers.
Radicle Emergence as Seed Vigour Test Estimates Seedling Quality of Hybrid Cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) Cultivars in Low Temperature and Salt Stress Conditions
(MDPI, 2023) Demir, İbrahim; Ermiş, Sıtkı; Öktem, Güleda; Öztokat Kuzucu, Canan
This work was conducted on the use of the RE (radicle emergence) test to estimate the seedling emergence (SE) and quality (seedling shoot weight (SSW), seedling root weight (SRW) and seedling height (SH)) of twelve hybrid cucumber seed lots with high germination (>95%) at low temperature conditions, high salt conditions and a combination of the two. The percentages of RE, which is a 2 mm radicle protrusion at 25 °C in the dark, were counted between 18 h and 32 h. The seeds were sown in peat moss in trays and kept at 15 °C (low temperature stress), or salty water was applied as 100 mM NaCl at 25 °C (salt stress) for three days, and both were applied in a combined-stress environment. Seedling emergence and quality parameters were reduced by both stress environments and their combination. SE, SSW, SRW and SH values ranged between: 91–100%, 614–844 mg, 102–143 mg, 6.8–8.8 cm at low temperature; 90–98%, 598–904 mg, 101–154 mg, 6.5–7.8 cm at salt stress; and 76–92%, 464–608 mg, 97–133 mg, 5.8–6.9 cm at their combination. The RE values with great differences seen among the lots (20–28 h) were regressed with seedling emergence and quality values. RE 24 h had the highest R2 and significant values in all stress environments as R2 = 0.596–0.858, p < 0.05–0.001 at low temperature; R2 = 0.620–0.827, p < 0.05–0.001 with salt; and R2 = 0.686–0.842, p < 0.05–0.001 with combined stresses. We concluded that RE as a vigour test can be used successfully to estimate the seedling quality of highly germinating hybrid cucumber seed lots. Use of the RE test in hybrid cucumber seeds and its influence on high-quality seedling production were discussed.
The Effects of Vermicompost and Green Manure Use on Yield and Economic Factors in Broccoli
(MDPI, 2023) Taşcı, Fulya Gül; Öztokat Kuzucu, Canan
The objective of this paper is to evaluate the yield, quality and unit production cost of broccoli grown under green manure, vermicompost and chemical fertilization. For this purpose, broccoli plants were cultivated as follows: (i) Chemical fertilization (CF), (ii) Vermicompost fertilization (V), (iii) Vermicompost fertilization (VeV) in the common vetch cultivated land as a pre-plant and (iv) Vetch (Ve) as a pre-plant. Curd yield (g plant−1), SPAD, vitamin C (mg 100 g−1), total phenolics (mg GAE 100 mL−1), total sugar (%) and soluble solid content (SSC%) were determined. In addition, input usage levels and costs, unit product cost and gross and net profit analyzes were investigated for all treatments. The highest total curd weight was obtained from VeV treatment (1567.77 g), while the lowest mean was reached in Ve plots with 819.70 g. The highest SPAD values were detected in CF (70.20) and VeV plots (69.76) similar to yield values. The highest vitamin C and total phenolics content were detected in V plots (92.31 mg 100 g−1) (1308.87 mg GAE 100 mL−1). The combined effect of Ve and V increased the yield and quality of the broccoli curds. As a result of economic analysis, approximately twice the net profit difference emerged in VeV treatment compared to other treatments. It was determined that a gross profit of 68% of gross production value and net profit of 64% were obtained.
Influence of Simulated Tembotrione Drift on Growth and Yield of Drip-Irrigated Tomato
(Springer Science and Business Media Deutschland GmbH, 2023) Yıldırım, Murat; Kaya, Seçkin; Mucan, Umut
Tembotrione is a herbicide belonging to the triketone group, which is commonly used for postemergence weed control in maize fields. However, its application can have unintended effects on plants growing on neighboring land, due to factors such as spray drift, carryover, and residue in soils. These off-target effects can potentially cause harm to non-target plants and ecosystems. Off-target application of tembotrione to tomato plants can result in negative effects such as various patterns of chlorosis and reduction in growth, yield, and quality. These effects can adversely impact tomato plants and their ability to produce healthy fruit. Field trials were conducted to explain the negative effects of tembotrione on tomato plants at a rate of 20% of the recommended dose specified on the label. Several growth parameters were measured during the trial to assess the impact of tembotrione on tomato plants: fresh and dry biomass of plants (g), leaf area (cm2), yield (kg plot−1), fruit length (cm), fruit diameter (cm), titrable acidity (%), soluble solid content (%), and pH. According to the results obtained, tembotrione negatively affected tomato plants. The applied dose of tembotrione mostly had a negative effect on the quality of both the tomato foliage and fruits. However, despite this negative effect, there was no statistically significant impact on the yield. In fact, the yield slightly increased as a result of tembotrione treatment. On the other hand, use of tembotrione caused a decrease in the marketable yield of tomatoes due to a reduction in the visual quality of the fruits. Additionally, the tembotrione drift simulation treatment resulted in an increase of approximately 17.5% in titrable acidity (TA).
The Effect of Post-Harvest Salicylic Acid and Modified Atmosphere Packaging Treatments on the Storage of 'Roxana' Apricots
(Springer Science and Business Media Deutschland GmbH, 2023) Varlı Yunusoğlu, Serpil; Ekinci, Neslihan
In the study conducted in order to determine the effect of modified atmosphere packaging (MAP) applications with post-harvest salicylic acid (SA) on the preservation of ‘Roxana’ apricot cultivars, the harvested fruit were divided into four groups as SA, SA + MAP, MAP applications and control fruit with no applications. Different doses of SA (0 [Control], 0.5, 1.0 and 2.0 mM) and modified atmosphere packaging applications were applied to the harvested fruit. The fruit were pre-cooled for 1 day, and the fruit were stored at 0 ± 0.5 °C for 45 days in normal atmospheric conditions with 90 ± 5.0% relative humidity. Quality parameters were examined both initially and at intervals of 15 days during storage. In this study, 2 mM SA treatments had a positive effect against chilling injury and fruit internal browning and it was effective in prolonging storage time. The effect of MAP treatments on fruit firmness, weight loss and chilling injury was positive. However, when SA and MAP applications are performed together, they provide more successful results for the 45-day storage period. Among these, it was determined that especially 2 mM SA + MAP treatment contributed to the storage of fruit for 45 days. In terms of reducing weight loss and maintaining firmness and titratable acidity values, 2 mM SA + MAP treatment came to the forefront. As a result of this research, it was concluded that the losses of fruit belonging to the ‘Roxana’ apricot cultivar would be at minimum levels with the application of 2 mM SA + MAP.
Determination of carbohydrate accumulation and plant growth dynamics in snowdrop (Galanthus elwesii Hook.) response to moisture levels in different substrates
(University of Life Sciences in Lublin, 2021) Akçal, Arda
In terms of botany, geophytes are known by their own survival strategy due to have a swollen storage organs. Snowdrops (Galanthus, 20 spp.; Amaryllidaceae) are important type of wild-sourced ornamental bulb genus in all geophyte species. Also, have a great deal of potential for use on landscape designs. Whereas, not much study has been done regarding the growth dynamics of snowdrops at harsh environmental conditions. This experiment was conducted to evaluate the effects of abiotic stress conditions on the performance of snowdrop (Galanthus elwesii Hook.) in soiless culture. Substrates and moisture were the variables. Peat + perlite and cocopeat were used as a substrate in pots. Moisture levels were applied; ML1, ML2 (well-watered and moderately tolerant treatments), ML3 (moderate stress) and ML4 (severe stress). Moisture had a statistically significant effect (P < 0.05) on circunference size, height and weight of the snowdrop bulbs. Plant height and carbohydrate accumulation were also affected by moisture levels in different substrates. The correlation between total carbohydrate (r = 0.95) and starch (r = 0.98) were positively determined. The reduced sugar, total sugar, starch and total carbohydrate values were increased by the severe stress treatment (ML4).
Comparison of Aroma Compounds and Pomological Characteristics of The Fruits of 'cv. Mondial Gala' and Local Apple Genotype 'Gelin' Cultivated in Canakkale, Turkey
(Namik Kemal University - Agricultural Faculty, 2021) Gündoğdu, Mehmet Ali; Gür, Engin; Şeker, Murat
Volatiles directly affect the sensorial quality of fresh fruits and therefore consumer preferences. The types and concentrations of volatile compounds show great variability in different apple types and varieties. In this experiment some pomological characteristics and aroma potential of local apple genotype called 'Gelin' or 'Yazlik Elma' and commercial standard apple cultivar 'Mondial Gala' were evaluated. Fruit length and diameter (mm), fruit weight (g), soluble solid content (% Brix), pH, titratable acidity (malic acid ml 100 ml-1), skin and flesh color (L, hue, chroma) were investigated within scope of pomological characteristics. The identification of volatile constituents was performed by Gas Chromatography/Mass Spectrometer (GC/MS) instrument by liquid-liquid extraction using diethyl ether solvent. The amount of the aroma volatile determined with a gas chromatograph-mass spectrometer (Shimadzu QP2010 GC/MS) fitted with a DB-WAX column (30 m x 0.25 mm ID, 0.25 μm film thickness; J & W, USA). According to the obtained results, 23 volatile constituents including 9 aldehydes (45.56%), 7 esters (46.78%), 6 alcohols (6.85%), and 1 other compound (0.81%), were detected in 'Gelin' genotype; 20 volatile constituents including 6 esters (56.08%), 7 aldehydes (34.76%), 6 alcohols (8.13%) and 1 other compound (1.03%), were detected in 'Mondial Gala' cultivar. Aldehydes and esters are main volatiles to fruity and floral aroma especially for apples. Especially, E-2-Hexenal and acetaldehyde for aldehydes and butyl acetate and hexyl acetate for esters are the main volatile compounds detected for the fruits studied. The high contents of these compounds that give pleasant flavor and aroma in fruits play very important part in the preference of fruits by consumers. In addition, the 'Gelin' genotype population can represent a novel source of breeding materials for improvement of aroma characteristics of standard cultivars.
Determination of Flower Formation and Development in Arbutus andrachne L. with Association of Phenology
(Centivens Institute of Innovative Research, 2021) Gökbayrak, Zeliha; Engin, Hakan
Flower and floral organ development in the eastern strawberry tree (Arbutus andrachne L.) was investigated in this study to determine its stages and timing. After careful dissection and examination of the samples under microscopy, taken ever 10-15 days from at the end of January to the middle of April in 2019, the results concluded that flower formation completed in seven stages and that inflorescence and individual flower differentiation occurred at the end of winter. First individual flower primordia were evident 56 days before anthesis. Generative parts appeared almost 3 weeks (23 days) later and completed their initial growth in another 3 weeks (21 days). The formation of all floral organ primordia completed within the floral cup in which 5 sepals, 5 petals, 10 stamens and pistil. Individual flower primordia which were connected to the main axis by a pedicel grew on the main axis, and side branches on a second degree were connected to this main axis. Flower primordia were visible on March 2 and showed their size increased 15- and 27-fold in terms of width and length, respectively, over the course of 6 weeks.
Dünyada Bağcılık Alanında Son On Yılda Yapılmış Araştırmalara Genel Bir Bakış
(Yüzüncü Yıl Üniversitesi, 2021) Gökbayrak, Zeliha; İşçi, Burçak; Keskin, Nurhan
Bu çalışmada, Vitis türlerine ait bilimsel çalışmaların ortaya koyduğu bilginin bu alanda ön plana çıkmış altı uluslararası dergi aracılığıyla 2010-2020 yıllarını kapsayacak şekilde derlenmesi hedeflenmiştir. Araştırma konularının ağırlıklı olarak iklim değişikliği ile ilgili olduğu ve olası olumsuz etkilerini en aza indirecek uygulamaların incelendiği görülmektedir. Teknik ve biyokimyasal analizlerin ürüne zarar vermeden yapılmasına yönelik hassas bağcılık (veri ve görüntü işleme ile modelleme) işlemleri nin de hız kazandığı görülmektedir. Değişen hava olaylarının etkisiyle hastalık ve zararlı çeşitliliği gözlenmekte ve uyumlu mücadele yöntemleri de araştırılmaktadır. Su azlığı tehlikesi altında asma dışı bitkilerin kullanımıyla suyun gerektiği zamanda gerektiği miktarda asma tarafından kullanılabilir olmasının sağlanması küresel ısınma tehdidi altında öne çıkan araştırma konu ları arasındadır. Kuraklığa dayanıklı yeni çeşitler geliştirme konusunda yeni belirteçlerden yararlanılması söz konusu olabilmektedir. Çoğaltma, fizyoloji k sendromlar ve depolama konularında nispeten daha az sayıda bilimsel çalışmanın bu dergilerde yayımlanması dikkat çekicidir. Derlenen bilgiler ışığında bağcılık alanında yapılabilecek araştırma konularına yönelik geniş bir bakış açısıyla projeksiyonlar if ade edilmiştir.
Effects of melatonin on root knot nematode: in situ estimation of physiological responses in tomato
(Universitatea de Ştiinţe Agronomice si Medicina Veterinara - Bucureşti, 2021) Gözel, Çiğdem; Gökbayrak, Zeliha
This research was conducted in 2020 to investigate the influence of melatonin (10, 50 and 100 mu M) given in three methods (immersion, irrigation and foliar spraying), on some physiological aspects of tomato seedlings exposed to root knot nematodes. The seedlings were inoculated with 1000 infective juveniles of Meloidogyne incognita [(Kofoid and White) Chitwood]. Dualex (R) optic sensor was used to in situ measure total chlorophylls, flavonols and anthocyanins contents and nitrogen balance index (NBI). Results indicated that while no significant effects were observed on chlorophyll content, melatonin ameliorated the adverse effects of M. incognita on chlorophyll depending on the concentration and mode. Flavonols were at the highest in the irrigated plants and the lowest in the immersed ones, between 06-1.1, exhibiting a significant difference. NBI was affected by the method the melatonin was applied, and immersing boosted it, while irrigation caused a significant decrease. Irrigation resulted in significantly higher anthocyanins compared to the other two methods. One observation was that applying melatonin in the low and medium concentrations to the nematode containing soil increased the anthocyanins. Melatonin merits a value in developing a response against the nematode but needs further elucidation.
Hasat Öncesi Gibberellik Asit (GA3) Uygulamasının 0900 Ziraat, Van, Early Burlat Kiraz Çeşitlerinin Kalite Özelliklerine Etkilerinin Belirlenmesi
(Çanakkale Onsekiz Mart Üniversitesi, 2021-06-30) Gür, Engin; Savaş, Elif
Gülgiller (Rosaceae) familyasına ait olan kirazın anavatanı (Prunus avium L.) Kuzey Anadolu ve Güney Kafkasya’dır. Ülkemiz kirazın birçok çeşidinin yetiştiriciliğini yapmaya uygun sıcaklığa ve alanlara sahiptir. Bu olumlu özelliklerden dolayı Türkiye, kiraz üretiminde dünyada söz sahibi ülkelerin başında yer almaktadır. Artan üretimle beraber meyvelerde aranan verim ve kalite değerleri de önem kazanmıştır. Meyvelerdeki uçucu aromalar da kalite kriteri olmasından ve bitki gelişim düzenleyiciler ile ilişkilerinin bulunmasından dolayı önemlidir. Üretimde lider konumda olan ülkemizin ihracatta da ilk sırada olması, tüketicilerin taleplerini karşılayabilmesi için yetiştiricilikte yapılacak önemli uygulamalar bulunmaktadır. Bu uygulamalardan biri kaliteyi ve verimi artırıcı etkisi olan gibberellik asit (GA3) uygulamasıdır. 2020 yılında yapılan çalışmamız üretimde önemli illerimizden biri olan Çanakkale İlinin Lapseki İlçesinde bulunan kiraz bahçesinde yürütülmüş; Early Burlat, 0900 Ziraat, Van kiraz çeşitlerinde hasattan 1 ay önce farklı dozlarda GA3 uygulanmıştır. İnsan sağlığı açısından birçok olumlu etkiye sahip olan kirazda yapılan çalışmada, üç çeşit için üç farklı uygulama yapılmış ve pomolojik özellikleri belirlenmiştir. Gibberellik asit uygulanan meyveler ile uygulama yapılmamış meyveler arasında önemli farklar saptanmıştır. Çalışma sonucunda meyve ağırlığı, meyve eni ve boyu, meyve et sertliği, meyve et rengi, SÇKM (% brix) ve TEA değerlerindeki değişimler çeşitler ve uygulamalar arasında önemli görülmüştür.
Kum Zambağı Tohumlarının Çimlenmesinde Bazı Bitki Büyüme Düzenleyicilerin Etkisi (The Effect of Some Plant Growth Regulators on Seed Germination of Sea Daffodil)
(Çanakkale Onsekiz Mart Üniversitesi, 2020-12-31) Akçal, Arda; Kelkit, Mehmet
[No Abstract Available]

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