Tarımsal Yapılar ve Sulama Bölümü Koleksiyonu

Bu koleksiyon için kalıcı URI

https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12428/2745

Listeleniyor 1 - 20 / 42

Changes in the Major Antioxidant Compounds of Red Cabbage Under Water Stress Applied at Different Vegetative Growth Periods
(Ankara Univ, Fac Agriculture, 2025) Erken, Okan; Yıldırım, Murat; Kızılkaya, Bayram; Mucan, Umut
Effective and efficient use of water resources has become an important issue in recent studies, where the impacts of climate change has become more apparent and alternative solutions are discussed. There, however, are limited studies that look at the impacts of water stress at different vegetative periods. For this reason, in this study, different levels of water treatment (0%, 30%, 70%) were applied to red cabbage at two stages of development (early and late vegetative) in a two-year field study. The effect of water stress on the major antioxidant compounds, as well as on yield and some morphological parameters were investigated. According to the findings, the least yield loss (22%) occurred in the early vegetative period of the second-year trial where 70% irrigation water was applied, while the highest yield loss (56%) was obtained during the early vegetative period of the first-year trial where no irrigation was applied. Biochemical analyses revealed that the highest accumulation of flavonoids, 0.83 mg g(-1), and anthocyanins, 1.51 mg g(-1), occurred in the early vegetative period with the trial that received no irrigation treatment. The phenolic compound content was determined as 1.62 mg g(-1), and the antioxidant capacity was found to be 1.93 mg g(-1) during the late vegetative period in the trials without irrigation treatment. These findings suggest that in regions with limited water resources, water conservation can be practiced during different vegetative periods in order to get higher biochemical benefits with a lower yield loss when cultivating red cabbage.
Environmental and Ecological Risks Posed by Sediment Heavy Metals in Reservoirs: A Preliminary Study from Northwest Türkiye
(Ankara Univ, Fac Agriculture, 2025) Tekiner, Murat; Tuncay, Tulay; Parlak, Mehmet
Reservoir sediments are an important component of aquatic ecosystems. Concentrations, sources, pollution and ecological risks of heavy metals pose serious risks on sustainable management of these ecosystems. This research focuses on heavy metal contents, physicochemical properties, environmental and ecological risks of sediments in four reservoirs (Ayvacık, Bayramdere, Bayramiç, and Umurbey) in Northwest Türkiye. Bayramiç reservoir had greater sediment Al, Cu, Fe, Mn concentrations, clay and silt contents than the other reservoirs (Ayvacık, Bayramdere, and Umurbey). In all four reservoirs, sediment heavy metals were generally of natural origin. Although sediment pollution index was identified as “considerable contamination” for Mn, such a case was not detected for the other heavy metals (Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Fe, Ni, Pb, and Zn). An ecological risk assessment was made for reservoir sediments and a “low contamination” was detected.
Effects of Drip Irrigations with Different Irrigation Intervals and Levels on Nutritional Traits of Paddy Cultivars
(MDPI, 2025) Çiftci, Beyza; Kardeş, Yusuf Murat; Varol, İhsan Serkan; Taş, İsmail; Akçura, Sevim; Coşkun, Yalçın; Karaman, Kevser; Akçura, Mevlüt
Rice serves as the primary food source for the majority of the world's population. In terms of irrigation water, the highest volume of irrigation water is utilized in paddy irrigation. Excessive water use causes both waste of limited water resources and various environmental problems. The drip irrigation method with high water use efficiency will reduce both the need for irrigation water and the environmental footprint of paddy production. This study was conducted to investigate the effects of two different irrigation intervals (2 and 4 days) and four irrigation levels (150%, 125%, 100%, and 75% of evaporation from a Class-A pan) on the nutritional traits of three different paddy cultivars (Ronaldo, Baldo, and Osmanc & imath;k). Increasing irrigation intervals and decreasing irrigation levels reduced the nutritional properties (protein, oil, starch) of the rice grains. In addition, increasing irrigation levels also increased the phytic acid and dietary fiber contents. The highest protein (7.14%) and total starch (87.10%) contents were obtained from the 150% irrigation treatments. The highest amylose content (20.74%) was obtained from the 75% irrigation treatment. In general, it was found that irrigation levels should be applied at 125% and 150% to increase the mineral content of rice grains. Although water deficits decreased the nutritional properties of the paddy cultivars, drip irrigation at an appropriate level did not have any negative effects on nutritional traits.
The Effect of Drip Irrigation and Nitrogen Levels on the Oil and Fatty Acid Composition of Sesame and Its Economic Analysis
(Mdpi, 2024) Taş, İsmail; Akçura, Sevim; Kaplan, Mahmut; Jagosz, Barbara; Atılgan, Atılgan; Kociecka, Joanna; Rolbiecki, Roman
One of the oldest oilseed crops is sesame, which is mainly cultivated due to its valuable oleic/linolenic fatty acid ratio. The application of precise irrigation and fertilisation is crucial to ensure the continuity and productivity of sesame production, especially in arid and semi-arid regions. This study aimed to determine the effect of drip irrigation and nitrogen levels on sesame's oil and fatty acid composition. For this purpose, four nitrogen doses (N0: 0 kg ha-1, N30: 30 kg ha-1, N60: 60 kg ha-1 and N90: 90 kg ha-1) and three different irrigation water levels (I50, I75 and I100, which correspond to 50, 75 and 100% evaporation levels from the evaporation of the Class A pan) were applied. The highest oleic acid content (43.06%) was obtained for the I75N90 treatment. In the case of linoleic fatty acid, the greatest value (43.66%) was for I50N0 treatment. The effects of irrigation and nitrogen doses on oleic acid and linoleic acid content were inverse of each other. An increase in applied irrigation water increased the linoleic acid content. However, it caused a decrease in oleic acid content. Increasing the nitrogen dose increased the oleic acid content and caused a decrease in linoleic acid content. Furthermore, this study showed that the I50N60 treatment (50% Epan and a rate of 60 kg N ha-1) is the most effective for achieving high grain and oil yields in sesame cultivation. The results obtained provide practical guidance for farmers in sesame cultivation.
Prediction of Greenhouse Area Expansion in an Agricultural Hotspot Using Landsat Imagery, Machine Learning and the Markov-FLUS Model
(Mdpi, 2024) İnalpulat, Melis
Greenhouses (GHs) are important elements of agricultural production and help to ensure food security aligning with United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). However, there are still environmental concerns due to excessive use of plastics. Therefore, it is important to understand the past and future trends on spatial distribution of GH areas, whereby use of remote sensing data provides rapid and valuable information. The present study aimed to determine GH area changes in an agricultural hotspot, Serik, T & uuml;rkiye, using 2008 and 2022 Landsat imageries and machine learning, and to predict future patterns (2036 and 2050) via the Markov-FLUS model. Performances of random forest (RF), k-nearest neighborhood (KNN), and k-dimensional trees k-nearest neighborhood (KD-KNN) algorithms were compared for GH discrimination. Accordingly, the RF algorithm gave the highest accuracies of over 90%. GH areas were found to increase by 73% between 2008 and 2022. The majority of new areas were converted from agricultural lands. Markov-based predictions showed that GHs are likely to increase by 43% and 54% before 2036 and 2050, respectively, whereby reliable simulations were generated with the FLUS model. This study is believed to serve as a baseline for future research by providing the first attempt at the visualization of future GH conditions in the Turkish Mediterranean region.
Monitoring and multi-scenario simulation of agricultural land changes using Landsat imageries and future land use simulation model on coastal of Alanya
(Pagepress Publ, 2024) İnalpulat, Melis
Anthropogenic activities have adverse impacts on productive lands around coastal zones due to rapid developments. Assessment of land use and land cover (LULC) changes provide a better understanding of the process for conservation of such vulnerable ecosystems. Alanya is one of the most popular tourism hotspots on the Mediterranean coast of Turkey, and even though the city faced severe LULC changes after the mid-80s due to tourism-related investments, limited number of studies has been conducted in the area The study aimed to determine short-term and long-term LULC changes and effects of residential development process on agricultural lands using six Landsat imageries acquired between 1984 and 2017, and presented the first attempt of future simulation in the area. Average annual conversions (AAC) (ha) were calculated to assess magnitudes of annual changes in six different periods. AACs were used to calculate area demands for LULC2030 and LULC2050, whereby annual conversions from different periods were multiplied by the number of years between 2017, 2030 and 2050 for each scenario. Finally, optimistic and pessimistic scenarios for agricultural lands are simulated using a future land use simulation model. Accordingly, agricultural lands decreased from 53.9% to 31.4% by 22.5% in 33 years and are predicted to change between 19.50% and 24.63% for 2030, 1.07% and 14.10% for 2050, based on pessimistic and optimistic scenarios, respectively.
The effect of climate change on stream basin hydrometeorological variables: The example of Dim Stream (Turkey)
(European Regional Centre Ecohydrology Polish Acad Sciences, 2024) Atılgan, Atılgan; Yücel, Ali; Kocieckac, Joanna; Rolbieckid, Roman; Şenyiğit, Ulaş; Taş, İsmail; Markovic, Monika
Climate change is causing serious problems in various economic sectors in particular involving water management. For this reason, it is extremely important to conduct research to identify climate change trends and better understand them. This study was carried out in the Dim Stream basin in the Western Mediterranean region (Turkey), which is particularly vulnerable to climate change. The study used flow data from two flow observation stations (FOS) and meteorological records such as wind speed, average flow, precipitation, temperature, evaporation, radiation, and relative humidity for 1984-2017. These data showed the changes between flow and hydrometeorological variables using linear regression analysis, coefficient of variation, t-test and correlation analysis. It has been determined that there has been a rapid decrease in the average flow of the FOS number 09006 since 1995 and the average flow of the FOS number 09-013 since 1999. Also, it was demonstrated that the average relative humidity (RHave), ave ), average temperature (Tave), ave ), average precipitation (Pave), total precipitation (Pt) and maximum precipitation (P max ) meteorological variables were most affected by climate change in the basin. Furthermore, it was found that the most changes were Qy ave (67.60%), T m i n (48.23%), P max (36.43%), P ave (33.91%), Pt t (33.90%), and RH ave (2.63%) in FOS numbered 09-013. Moreover, it was concluded that climate change variability had developed trends towards a rapid decrease in the flow values at the flow observation stations in Dim Stream. These results show that plans and measures for the efficient and sustainable management of water resources in this region must be implemented immediately.
Spatial distribution and health risk assessment for heavy metals of the soils around coal-fired power plants of northwest Turkey
(Taylor & Francis Ltd, 2024) Parlak, Mehmet; Taş, İsmail; Görgişen, Ceren; Gökalp, Zeki
This study was conducted to determine heavy metal concentrations of the soils around two thermal power plants located in & Ccedil;anakkale province (northwest Turkey) and health hazards of these heavy metals. By using random sampling method, 45 surface soils (0-5 cm depth) were taken from around the thermal power plants and heavy metal analyses were conducted on these samples. Average values of some heavy metals were greater than the normal background levels, and the others were lower than the background levels. While Cd, Cr, Mn, Ni and Zn concentrations were higher than worldwide soils, Co, Cu, and Pb concentrations were lower than worldwide soils. Correlation analysis revealed significant positive correlations (p < 0.05) between 1) Co and Cd, 2) Cr and Cd, 3) Ni and Cd, 4) Pb and Cu, 5) Zn and Mn 6) Zn and Pb and highly significant positive correlations (p < 0.01) between 1) Cu and Cd, 2) Mn and Cd, 3) Zn and Cd, 4) Cr and Co, 5) Cu and Co, 6) Mn and Co, 7) Ni and Co, 8) Cu and Cr, 9) Mn and Cr, 10) Ni and Cr, 11) Ni and Cr, 12) Mn and Cu, 13) Ni and Cu, 14) Zn and Cu. Health risk assessments of heavy metals were made based on both carcinogenic and non-carcinogenic risk index. The total non-carcinogenic risk index is 3.87E-01 for children and 4.67 E-02 for adults and present values were above these limits. Carcinogenic risks of heavy metals in children and adults were determined in the order of Cr > Pb > Ni > Co > Pb. Cr and Pb were found to be higher than the acceptable risk range (10-6-10-4) in children and adults. Since Cr and Pb concentrations exceed the limit values, heavy metal contents of the soils in the study area should be monitored regularly.
Fast selection opportunity of salt tolerant guar bean genotypes with GGE biplot method
(Taylor & Francis Ltd, 2023) Taş, İsmail; Akcura, Mevlüt; Coşkun, Yalçın; Tütenocaklı, Tülay
In this study, 81 guar bean genotypes developed in Turkey were tested in the germination stage under saline conditions, and Genotype-Genotype-Environment (GGE) biplot method was used to identify salt tolerant and sensitive genotypes. In the study, irrigation waters with six different Electrical Conductivity (ECi = 0.5 [control], 6, 8, 10, 12, and 15 dS m(-1)) levels were used. Split-plots experimental design was used in the study, and it was carried out in a laboratory environment with three replications. A dry-weight-based stress tolerance index (STI) was calculated for each ECi level. Salt treatments were considered as environments in GGE biplot analysis conducted for genotype selection based on salt concentrations. Seedling dry weight of some genotypes significantly decreased after 8 dS m(-1) level and such decreases were more remarkable in the other genotypes after 12 dS m(-1) level. It was concluded that ECi = 8 dS m(-1) level could be used for selection of genotypes with moderate salt tolerance and high adaptation capacity and ECi = 12 dS m(-1) level could be used for selection of genotypes with a high salt tolerance and special adaptation capacity. It was also concluded that the GGE biplot method quite facilitated the selection of genotypes tolerant to abiotic stressors, especially to salt stress.
Comparison of Different Supervised Classification Algorithms for Mapping Paddy Rice Areas Using Landsat 9 Imageries
(Bingol University, 2023) İnalpulat, Melis
Rice is known to be one of the most essential crops in Turkey, as well as many other countries especially in Asia, whereas paddy rice cropping systems have a key role in many processes ranging from human nutrition to environment-related perspectives. Therefore, determination of cultivation area is still a hot topic among researchers from various disciplines, planners, and decision makers. In present study, it was aimed to evaluate performances of three classifications algorithms among most widely used ones, namely, maximum likelihood (ML), random forest (RF), and k-nearest neighborhood (KNN), for paddy rice mapping in a mixed cultivation area located in Biga District of Çanakkale Province, Turkey. Visual, near-infrared and shortwave infrared bands of Landsat 9 acquired in dry season of 2022 year was utilized. The classification scheme included six classes as dense vegetation (D), sparse vegetation (S), agricultural field (A), water surface (W), residential area – base soil (RB), and paddy rice (PR). The performances were tested using the same training samples and accuracy control points. The reliability of each classification was evaluated through accuracy assessments considering 150 equalized randomized control points. Accordingly, RF algorithym could identify PR areas with over 96.0% accuracy, and it was followed by KNN with 92.0%.
Depremin Arazi Kullanım ve Arazi Örtüsü (AKAÖ) Üzerine Etkilerinin Google Earth Engine (GEE), Sentinel-2 Görüntüleri ve Makine Öğrenmesi Kullanılarak Değerlendirilmesi: Antakya Örneği
(2023) Civelek, Neslişah; İnalpulat, Melis; Genç, Levent
Doğal afetler, özellikle depremler, insan hayatını, ekosistemleri, arazi kullanımı ve arazi örtüsü gibi arazi (AKAÖ) özelliklerini tehdit eden en tahripkar süreçlerden biridir. Buna benzer değişimlerin anlaşılması rehabilitasyon süreçlerine yardımcı olmanın yanında sonraki aşamalar için yönetim stratejileri geliştirilmesi açısından bir başlangıç noktası sağlar. Depremler sonrasında değişimin yönü ve büyülüğünün belirlenmesinde uzaktan algılama teknolojileri uzun zamandır kullanılmakta olup, buluta dayalı platformların geliştirilmesi bu anlamda kullanıcıların depolama ve işleme maliyeti sorunlarından kaçınmasını etkili bir şekilde sağlamıştır. Bu çalışmada, ciddi kayıplara yol açan 6 Şubat 2023 ve 20 Şubat 2023 depremlerinden sonra Hatay iline bağlı Antakya’ da meydana gelen AKAÖ değişimlerinin belirlenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Bunun yanında, merkez koordinatlarından 5 km uzağı kapsayan zon içerisinde meydana gelen değişimler 1 km genişliğindeki alt zonlar gözetilerek incelenmiştir. Sentinel-2 görüntülerinin Google Earth Engine (GEE) ile sınıflandırılmasında en çok kullanılan makine öğrenmesi algoritmalarından bir olan rassal orman (RO) algoritması kullanılmıştır. AKAÖ2022 ve AKAÖ2023 güvenilirliklerinin belirlenmesi için doğruluk analizi prosedürleri uygulanmış, ve doğruluklar 0.85’ in üzerinde bulunmuştur. Genel değişimlerin incelenmesi betonarme (B), doğal vejetasyon (D) ve su (S) alanların artarkenorman (O) ve tarım (T) alanlarının dikkate değer şekilde azaldığını göstermiştir. Çöken binaların dağılışı yalnızca şehir düzeyinde değil, 5 km tampon zor içerisindeki herbir alt zon içerisinde B sınıf artışı ile sonuçlanmıştır. Sentinel-2 görüntülerinin RO algoritması ile GEE’ nda sınıflandırılması Antakya’ da meydana gelen değişimlerin belirlenmesinde hızlı ve güvenilir sonuçları vermiş olup, gelecekteki değişimlerin periyodik olarak izlenmesi şiddetle önerilmiştir.
Subscale mapping of animal waste-based biogas potential and its equivalent energies using GIS: Canakkale, Türkiye
(2023) İnalpulat, Melis
The study presents the first attempt of determination and mapping of recent biogas potentials (BP) at different scales from province to village level in Çanakkale using Geographic Information Systems (GIS). The BP of different scales was calculated based on animal waste amounts from bovine, ovine and poultry farming. The study area covers the ten districts of Çanakkale province with the exception of Imbros and Tenedos Islands. The inventory records of different animal types were obtained from of Republic of Turkey Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry Çanakkale Directorate of Provincial Agriculture and Forestry. GIS procedures are conducted in ArcGIS (10.3) software. Findings revealed that the annual biogas production potential of the whole province is almost 6.4×107 m3. Biga district seemed to include 39 % of overall BP whereas Eceabat district presented a slight percentage of the potential production with the value of approximately 1 %. Moreover, the highest and lowest subscale-level potentials have found in Yukarıdemirci (Biga) and Bahçedere (Ayvacık), with approximately 154×104 m3 and 137 m3 BP, respectively. The overall BP of the province have concluded to be promising, and present study believed to serve as a baseline for future studies related to determination of new biogas plant suitable lands.
DSİ 2. ve 21. Bölgelerdeki Devredilen Sulamalarda Sulama Oranları ve Sulanmayan Alanların Sulanmama Nedenleri
(2024) Yiğen, Melek; Tekiner, Murat
Devlet Su İşleri (DSİ) İzmir (2. Bölge) ve Aydın (21. Bölge) Bölge Müdürlüklerinde beş yıllık dönemde (2006-2010) DSİ tarafından inşa edilerek çeşitli su kullanıcı teşkilatlarına devredilen sulama tesislerinde, tarımsal etkinlik açısından sulama sistem performansı değerlendirilmiş ve sulanmayan alanların sulanmama nedenleri incelenmeye çalışılmıştır. Seçilen 2 bölgede toplam 6 havzaya yayılmış ve devredilmiş 31 sulama tesisi dikkate alınmıştır. İncelenen bölgelerde tarımsal etkinlik göstergelerinden çiftçi sulama oranı, fiilen sulanan alan oranı, sulama oranı, şebeke sulama oranı, bitkisel üretim yapılan alan oranı, sulanmayan alan oranına ait ortalama değerler sırasıyla %19.6-%78.3-%58.7-%66.6-%92.4-%21.7 olarak gerçekleşmiş ve sulanmayan alan oranı dışındaki diğer göstergelerin Türkiye ortalamalarının üzerinde olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Bu iki bölgedeki sulama alanlarının ortalama %14.1’i yağışa dayalı tarım, %1.8’i nadas ve geri kalan %5.8’i ise çeşitli sebeplerle boş bırakıldığı dolayısıyla da sulamaya açılmış alanların ortalama %21.7’sinde sulu tarım yapılmadığı belirlenmiştir. Bu nedenle su kullanıcı örgütlerinin su kullanım hizmet bedeli tarifelerinde indirim uygulaması ve sulu tarımın tercih edilmediği bölgelerde ürün destekleme politikalarının geliştirilmesi gerekliliğini ortaya çıkarmıştır.
Sulama Alanlarına Saptırılan Sulama Suyunun Yeterlilik Durumu: Çanakkale-Biga Bakacık Barajı Örneği
(2024) Doğan, Canan; Taş, İsmail
Dünyanın büyük bölümünde olduğu gibi Türkiye’de de su varlığı sınırlı ve yetersizdir. Bilindiği üzere tarımsal üretimde yapılan her uygulama verim, kalite ve maliyette olumlu ya da olumsuz etkilere neden olurken aynı zamanda da bulunduğu çevreye de etkileri söz konusudur. Hatalı sulama uygulamaları, sulama suyu israfı yanında ciddi boyutlarda çevresel kirlilik yüküne de neden olmaktadır. Bitki besleme ürünleri başta olmak üzere diğer girdilerle birlikte yapılan uygulamalar ve hatalı sulamalar çevreyi ciddi oranda kirletebilmektedir. Ayrıca, fazla sulama suyu uygulamaları hem mevcut kaynağın israf edilmesine hem de oluşan kuraklıkların etkisinin çok daha fazla hissedilmesine neden olmaktadır. Yapılan bu çalışmada, Çanakkale-Biga Bakacak Barajı sulama alanına, Devlet Su İşleri’nce (DSİ) saptırılan sulama suyu yeterliliğinin son on yıllık dönemi (2012-2022) değerlendirilmiştir. Yıllar itibarıyla gerçekleşen ürün deseninden gidilerek bitkilerin sulama suyu ihtiyaçları hesaplanarak her yıl için saptırılan sulama suyu miktarı ile karşılaştırılmıştır. Ayrıca proje alanında öngörülen ürün deseni ile gerçekleşen ürün deseni de karşılaştırılmıştır. Yapılan hesaplamalar ve incelemeler sonrasında projede alanında planlanan ürün deseninde çeltik bitkisi için %8 oranında ekiliş öngörülürken, dikkate alınan üretim döneminde gerçekleşen ürün deseninde bu oran sulama alanının %7.5-52.7’dir. Benzer şeklide mısır bitkisi de %5 olarak öngörülürken sulanan alanın %14.7-55.7’si arasında değişim sergilemiştir. 10 yıllık üretim periyodu dikkate alındığında çeltik bitkisinin evapotranspirasyon (ETc) değeri 674-821 mm; ayçiçeği 316-398 mm; domates 482-592 mm; fasulye 442- 541 mm; mısır 460-563 mm ve yonca 714-888 mm arasında değişim göstermiştir. DSİ tarafından 2012-2021 arası periyotta alana verilen sulama suyu miktarı, sulama alanının net sulama suyu ihtiyacının 1.54-2.72 katı, ortalama 2.05 katı (%105 daha fazla) olarak uygulandığı hesaplanmıştır. Brüt sulama suyu ihtiyacı üzerinden yapılan hesaplamada ise bu değerler 1.08-1.99 arasında değişmiş ve ortalama 1.35 katı (%35 daha fazla) olarak belirlenmiştir. Bakacak barajı sulama alanına sulama suyunun ihtiyaç duyulandan daha fazla verildiği belirlenmiştir.
Screening Organic Acid Contents of Tomato Landraces Collected From Aegean-Mediterranean Region of Anatolia
(2024) Kaya, Seçkin; Erken, Okan; Kızılkaya, Bayram
Tomato landraces can serve as valuable sources for breeding new cultivars aimed at enhancing fruit quality in terms of organic acids. Nineteen tomato landraces spread along the Mediterranean coasts of Anatolia were evaluated to determine their basic internal quality parameters and organic acid composition. The parameters assessed included fruit weight, diameter, length, pH, titrable acidity (TA %), soluble solid content (SSC%), SSC/TA ratio, and organic acids, such as oxalic (OA), tartaric (TarA), malic (MA), malonic (MalA), lactic (LA), acetic (AA), citric (CA), and ascorbic acids (AscA). Significant diversity was observed among the different landraces concerning these traits. Citric acid was found to be the most abundant organic acid within the landraces. Notably, the highest and lowest values for CA were recorded in Ege 8 (105.73 mg g-1) and TR62707 (31.10 mg g-1), respectively, making them promising sources for future breeding programs. Ascorbic acid (AscA) exhibited the lowest content among all the organic acids, ranging from 0.06 to 0.12 mg.g-1 (equivalent to 64-116 µg.g-1). Moreover, the landrace TR49646 displayed the highest malic acid content (8.23 mg g-1), making it a potential source for obtaining high malic acid content. Conversely, Ege 6 showed the lowest malic acid content (5.11 mg g-1). For health purposes, the landrace TR63233 was identified as having the lowest oxalic acid content. Multidimensional scale analysis further confirmed the potential candidates identified by the ANOVA and one-way ANOM tests. The results revealed a considerable diversity among the evaluated landraces, and the identified traits could be instrumental in selecting and breeding new cultivars with improved characteristics.
The Effect of Polymeric Hydrogel Application on Germination Under Saline Irrigation Water: Case Study of Barley
(2023) Taş, İsmail; Çoşkun, Yalçın; Tütenocaklı, Tülay; Oral, Ayhan; Akcura, Mevlüt
In recent years, it has been tried to increase the usage areas of polymeric hydrogels, which are used to increase the water holding capacity of light textured soils in agricultural production. In this study, the effects of polymeric hydrogel on the germination of barley seeds under low quality irrigation water conditions were investigated. For this purpose, irrigation water prepared with an Electrical Conductivity (ECi) value of 0 [control], 6, 8, and 12 dS m-1 and Sodium Absorption Rate (SAR) less than 3 is placed in petri dishes in which 0.01 grams hydrogel has been added. 10 seeds of barley (Hordeum vulgare conv. distichon) variety were added to the same petri dishes. According to the results of variance analysis made with the data obtained in the study, it was determined that increasing irrigation water salinity was effective at the 5% significance level on the germination rate and seedling dry weight of barley. However, the difference between the subjects treated with hydrogel was not statistically significant. In response to the increased irrigation water ECi value, the germination rate and germination power of barley decreased. It was determined that hydrogel application did not have any effect on the germination rate and germination power of barley under increasing ECi value conditions.
Determination of Yield and Quality Parameters in Pickling Hot Peppers Grown under Different Water Stress Conditions
(Turkish Science and Technology Publishing (TURSTEP), 2023) Erken, Okan; Levent, Fatma Çolak
Plants are exposed to various adverse environmental conditions throughout their growth period. In recent years, drought, which has occurred and necessitated different measures, ranks among these adverse conditions. At the same time, plants synthesize certain biochemical compounds in response to the adverse conditions they will encounter. These compounds not only strengthen the immune system but also provide resistance against various diseases, and they tend to increase under adverse environmental conditions that plants will face during cultivation. This study was conducted to determine the changes in yield and some biochemical components in pickling hot peppers (Capsicum Annuum L.) grown under different water stress conditions. Two different levels of water stress (%70 and %30 irrigation) were applied in addition to full irrigation (%100 irrigation). At the end of the research, while a yield of 269.42 g per plant was obtained in the control group (%100 irrigation), 150.14 g and 93.33 g of pickling hot peppers were harvested in each water stress treatment, respectively. Total phenolic compound levels increased with water stress; it was determined to be 0.827 mg-1g in the trial irrigated with full irrigation water, 1.170 mg-1g in plants exposed to mild water stress, and up to 1.536 mg-1g in the trial subjected to severe water stress. In addition, total flavonoids and antioxidant compound levels also increased with increasing water stress. The amounts of flavonoid compounds obtained from the trial groups were 0.146, 0.373, and 0.412 mg-1g, respectively, while the antioxidant levels determined by the DPPH method increased in quantity with increasing water stress, similar to other biochemical compounds. According to these results, it was determined that the yield of pickling hot peppers decreased in the case of water shortage that the plants would face in cultivation, but there was an increase in some biochemical compounds.
IRRIGATION SCHEDULING AND DETERMINATION OF IRRIGATION WATER REQUIREMENT OF PADDY RICE WITH DRIP IRRIGATION USING TAGEM-SUET MODEL
(Uludağ Üniversitesi, 2024) Altınbilek, Hakkı Fırat; Kızıl, Ünal
Nowadays, as the pressure of drought on water resources increases, new approaches regarding paddy rice irrigation, which has the highest water consumption rate, need to be taken into consideration.One of these approaches is the drip irrigation method, which saves significant amount of water in paddy rice irrigation. In this study, 4 different irrigation programs (25%, 50%, 75% and 100%) in drip irrigation method and ponding methodfor paddy rice in Edirne were examined in TAGEM-SUET. As a result of the study, the evapotranspiration of paddy rice during the production season was calculated as 692.83 mm, the amount of irrigation water was calculated as 162-648 mm in drip irrigation. In the model, it was measured that the optimum drip irrigation program would not cause a decrease in efficiency despite saving 38% of water compared to the ponding method. It is thought that TAGEM-Suet can be a good tool for irrigation planning and management of paddy rice, depending on climatic conditions.
Determination of drought resistance of miniature rose varieties
(Routledge, 2024) Demirel, Kürşad; Çamoğlu, Gökhan; Akçal, Arda; Doğan, G. Rumeyse; Cengiz, Selin; Nar, Hakan; Kahrıman, Fatih
The researchers aimed to determine the effects of different irrigation levels on plant water consumption (ET), physiological, morphological and biomass traits of four different miniature rose varieties (Rosa Spp, cv. Mandarin, Orange Juwel, Zwergen Fee 09 and Zwergkönig 78). Four different irrigation levels (100% (control), 75%, 50%, 25%) were created in the experiment. The research was carried out at Çanakkale Onsekiz Mart University, Crop Stress Monitoring and Thermography Laboratory in 2020–2021. Water stress negatively affected the physiological and morphological traits measured in all four varieties. The six-month ET values of Mandarin, Orange Juwel, Zwergen Fee 09 and Zwerkönig 78 miniature rose varieties were 255.7–642.3 mm, 293.6–796.3 mm, 277.3–736.2 mm and 261.8–675.9 mm, respectively. Mandarin is more resistant to drought because its ET values are lower than other varieties.
Discrimination of water stress in pepper using thermography and leaf turgor pressure probe techniques
(Elsevier B.V., 2021) Çamoğlu, Gökhan; Demirel, Kürşad; Kahrıman, Fatih; Akçal, Arda; Nar, Hakan; Boran, Ahmet; Eroğlu, İlker; Genç, Levent
The use of technology is spreading rapidly in modern agriculture with remote sensing and sensor technologies becoming more important. The objective of this study is to investigate the possibilities of determining the water stress level and irrigation time in peppers using leaf pressure probes based on turgor pressure and thermography techniques. An experiment consisting of four different irrigation treatments (100%, 75%, 50% and 25%) was conducted in Canakkale province, Turkey in the 2017–2018 summer growing seasons. During this seasons, leaf turgor pressure (Pp) and soil moisture levels were recorded in real time by a remote monitoring system. Thermographic measurements were taken before each irrigation. Data were analyzed using the analysis of variance and regression tree methods. Results show that both Pp and thermal data significantly differed according to water stress. Pp values decreased partially after irrigation and increased until the next irrigation. However, it was observed that it is not enough to decide the irrigation time using results obtained from graphical readings only. Models including meteorological features strengthen the decision-making models. According to the classification and regression tree analysis, it was revealed that there is a potential to separate the treatments, especially in models including thermal indices. Leaf turgor pressure data and thermal indices, which are plant-based monitoring techniques, have the potential to be used in determining irrigation time and distinguishing water stress in the pepper plant. However, there is a need for more studies especially in laboratory conditions, to understand the mechanisms in plants and how environmental conditions affect the responses of Pp probes.

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