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Öğe Attitudes of Students in Medical and Health Sciences Faculties Toward Syrians and Influential Factors(Springer, 2025) Tanrıverdi, Gülbu; Bakar, Coşkun; Yalçın Gürsoy, Melike; Öztürk, GökselThis study examines the attitudes of students in Medical and Health Sciences faculties in Turkey toward Syrians and identifies the factors shaping these attitudes. 465 students were included in the cross-sectional study. Data were collected via an online survey form, which included demographic questions and the Attitudes Towards Syrians Scale. The survey included demographic questions and the Attitudes Toward Syrians Scale. Descriptive statistics, t-tests, ANOVA, and linear regression analysis were employed for data analysis. Age was negatively correlated with discrimination scores (r=-0.203, p < 0.001), suggesting that older students exhibited lower levels of discrimination. Students with negative experiences involving Syrians had significantly higher discrimination scores (p < 0.001). Those perceiving fewer cultural similarities also had higher discrimination scores (p < 0.001). Faculty differences were significant, with Health Sciences students displaying higher discrimination scores than medical students (p = 0.008). Among departments, Emergency and Disaster Management students reported the highest levels of discrimination (p < 0.001). Age, cultural perceptions, and personal experiences influence students' attitudes toward Syrians. Cultural awareness programs and opportunities for positive interactions may help reduce discrimination, particularly among younger students and those with limited cultural engagement. These findings emphasize the importance of inclusive education policies in fostering social cohesion within healthcare settings.Öğe Determinants of Miscarriage and Induced Abortion Among Married Syrian Refugee Women in Turkiye: A National Population-Based Study(Cambridge Univ Press, 2025) İnal Önal, Ebru; Mohammed, Gharbia; Kaya, Edip; Önal, Ajdan; Castro-Delgado, RafaelObjective Syrian refugee women face numerous obstacles that impact their reproductive health. The aim is to assess prevalence and predictors of miscarriage and induced abortion among Syrian refugee women in Türkiye. Methods This study is a cross-sectional analysis based on data from 1886 Syrian refugee women aged 15-49 who have a history of marriage, obtained from the 2018 Türkiye Demographic and Health Survey – Syrian Migrant Sample. Univariate Chi-square, independent t-test, and multivariate logistic regression were performed to determine predictors of abortion and miscarriage. Results Among ever married Syrian refugee women, 27.3% (n = 514) experienced at least 1 miscarriage, 5% (n = 95) reported having at least 1 abortion. Mean maternal age was predicted with miscarriage and induced abortion (OR = 1.06 [CI: 1.04-1.08; P < 0.001] and OR = 1.08 [CI: 1.04-1.12; P < 0.001] respectively). Women in the southern/eastern region of Türkiye experienced 4.24 times (95% CI = 1.50-12.02; P < 0.01) more abortions than in the western/central region. Women who are related to their spouses had an abortion 1.91 times (95% CI = 1.06-3.43; P < 0.05) more frequently than non-related couples. Conclusions The rate of miscarriages and induced abortions is high among Syrian refugee women in Türkiye. Regional differences, maternal age, and marriage between relatives have been identified as important variables that need to be taken into consideration. Interventions concentrating on those elements by the bodies concerned may thereby lessen the burden and effects of abortion and miscarriage.Öğe Emergency Medical Care Provided by Humanitarian Organizations in Response to Sudden Onset Disasters in Southeast Asia: A Scoping Review(Cambridge Univ Press, 2025) Sigua, Jemar Anne; Caymaz, Ebru; Castro-Delgado, RafaelObjectives: The objective of this scoping review is to identify the types of EMC provided by humanitarian organizations in response to sudden-onset disasters in Southeast Asia in the last 10 years. Methods: We followed Arskey and O'Malley method and Joanna Briggs Institute guidance. Limited to online-based journal databases (PubMed, Embase, and ProQuest) and ReliefWeb and PreventionWeb for grey literature between 2014 and 2023. Study was performed from January-June 2024. Results: Finally, 33 studies were included covering 17 disasters (Indonesia, Philippines, Laos, and Myanmar). Fourteen disasters were caused by a single hazard: earthquakes (6, 35.3%), floods (4, 23,5%), cyclones (2, 11.8%), tsunamis (1, 5.9%), and volcanic eruptions, and 3 were multi-hazard: earthquakes and tsunamis (2, 11.8%) and flood and landslide (1, 5.9%). The main services provided were mental health and psychosocial support; assessment, resuscitation, and stabilization; referral and transfer; and health promotion and community engagement. Conclusions: Humanitarian organizations should prioritize services to meet demands: mental health and psychosocial support; assessment, resuscitation, and stabilization; referral and transfer; and health promotion and community engagement. This can guide national governments in scaling up preparedness and response efforts, ensuring that demands are met at a local level but also aligned with international disaster response.Öğe Assessment of Local-Level Community Resilience within the Scope of a Disaster-Resilient City: The Case of Türkiye(Asce-Amer Soc Civil Engineers, 2025) Öztürk, Göksel; Bilgili, AlperThis study aimed to assess community resilience to disasters at the local level in Turkey. In this study, a community disaster-resilience index (CDRI) consisting of five subdimensions and 34 basic indicators based on the disaster-resilience of place model was developed. The developed CDRI was applied for 81 provinces in Turkey. In order to reach the data in the determined subdimensions, current data on the websites of the Turkish Statistical Institute, the Disaster and Emergency Management Presidency, and the General Directorate of Highways were accessed. The data obtained were analyzed using Analysis of Moment Structures 23 and Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) software Version 25 (IBM SPSS 25) programs, and general resilience scores were obtained at the provincial level. In addition, Geographic Information System software was used to reveal the spatial distribution of the provinces according to their resilience scores. As a result of the application of the CDRI developed in the second stage, it was observed that the majority of the provinces in Turkey had medium and above disaster-resilience levels. In addition, when the resilience scores of the provinces were evaluated according to the subdimensions of CDRI, it was found that the highest scores were in economic resilience and the lowest scores were in community capacity subdimensions. Therefore, it may be recommended to make plans to increase community capacity. Furthermore, the developed CDRI is expected to guide disaster management policies and investments.Öğe How readable are pharmaceutical leaflets in Türkiye?(Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, 2025) Örge Yaşar, Funda; Özden, Mehtap; Özden, SerkanThis study evaluates the readability of pharmaceutical leaflets used in Türkiye. A total of 26 pharmaceutical leaflets, randomly selected from the website of the Republic of Türkiye Ministry of Health's Turkish Medicines and Medical Devices Agency, were analyzed based on the Ateşman Readability Formula. Within the scope of the research, the readability scores and levels of the texts presented under the headings What X (X = name of the medicine) is and its indicated use, What you need to know before you take or use X, How to take or use X, Possible side effects, and How to store X were calculated. The findings revealed that the majority of leaflets had a difficult or very difficult readability. In particular, the frequent use of long sentence structures and multisyllable words negatively affects readability. This situation makes it more difficult for individuals with low health literacy to access information and increases the risk of improper use of medications. The study emphasizes the need to restructure patient information materials using simple, clear, and understandable language. These findings provide important recommendations for pharmaceutical manufacturers and health communication specialists, contributing to the improvement of public health.Öğe Determining CBRN Risk Perceptions and Preparedness Levels and Related Factors of Emergency Health Services Personnel: Tekirdağ Provincial Example(Ankara University, 2025) Artçı Adak, Firdevs; İnal, Ebru; Kaya, EdipEmergency medical services personnel are among the first responders in the event of a CBRN incident. The aim of this study is to determine the CBRN risk perceptions, preparedness levels, and related factors of emergency medical personnel working in Tekirdağ district. The study was conducted with 142 participants. A socio-demographic questionnaire consisting of 30 items and a scale measuring risk perception and preparedness for CBRN hazards were used. The participants’ responses were transferred to the SPSS 21.0 software, and validity of the measurements was tested through confirmatory factor analysis. As the data were found to be normally distributed across all independent variables, differences between two group means were analyzed using t-tests, and ANOVA were used for variables with more than two categories. In the bivariate analysis, the mean risk perception score of personnel who had participated in CBRN duties was found to be significantly higher than those who had not (p=0.03). Moreover, participants with one year or less of experience had significantly lower mean risk perception scores compared to other groups (p<0.001). Additionally, those who reported having sufficient knowledge about CBRN and those who stated they knew their responsibilities during CBRN incidents had significantly higher preparedness scores (respectively; p<0.001 and p=0.04). Finally, the Pearson correlation analysis revealed a statistically significant relationship between the CBRN risk perception score and the preparedness score (r=0.393, p<0.001). It is suggested that practical training and drills may be increased to enhance the capacity of personnel in responding to CBRN events. The study findings suggest that practical training and drills may be increased to enhance the preparedness of emergency health services personnel for CBRN hazards. It should also be noted that efforts to increase personnel’s CBRN risk perception will also positively contribute to their preparedness.Öğe The impact of parental resilience, social support and socio-economic factors on PTSD symptoms in child and adolescent survivors of the 2023 Turkiye-Syria earthquakes(Taylor & Francis Inc, 2025) Kaya, Edip; İnal Önal, Ebru; Fatih, Sultanay; Güler, OnurThis study examines Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) prevalence and predictors, especially focusing on the role of parental resilience, among child survivors of the 2023 T & uuml;rkiye-Syria earthquakes. The study conducted with 199 children aged 9-17 and their parents. Findings showed that 54.8% of children exhibited PTSD symptoms. Hierarchical linear regression analyses revealed that parental resilience (beta = -0.16), and social support (beta = -0.16) mitigating PTSD symptoms, while female gender (beta = 0.18), younger age (beta = -0.16), low family income (beta = -0.14), and having more siblings (beta = 0.14) were risk factors for PTSD. This study contributes to understanding the role of family dynamics in post-disaster recovery for children. It underscores that public health practitioners and mental health professionals should take into account the significant impact of parental resilience in fostering effective recovery outcomes for children.Öğe Makine Öğrenmesi Algoritmalarının Türkiye Depremlerinde P ve S Fazlarının Belirlenmesindeki Etkinliği(Afet ve Acil Durum Yonetimi Baskanligi (AFAD), 2025) Ünal, Utku; Bekler, Tolga; Bekler, Feyza NurDepremlerin dinamik parametrelerinin belirlenmesine yönelik analizlerde sismik cisim dalgalarının (P ve S fazları) varış zamanlarının doğru tespiti, sismolojik problemlerin çözümünde bir ön koşuldur ve varış zamanlarını temel alan çalışmalara, örneğin yer içi kabuk/manto yapısının anlaşılması gibi ve çeşitli araştırma alanlarına katkıda bulunur. Makine öğrenimi veya daha geniş ve bilinen uygulaması ile yapay zekâ teknolojilerindeki son gelişmeler, sismogramlar kullanılarak cisim dalgalarının varış zamanlarının otomatik olarak tespit edilmesini mümkün kılmaktadır. Türkiye, Avrasya, Afrika ve Arap levhalarının kesişim noktasında yer aldığı için karmaşık tektonik yapısı nedeniyle yüksek sismik aktiviteye sahiptir. Bu çalışmada, KRDAE (Kandilli Rasathanesi ve Deprem Araştırma Enstitüsü) ağına ait 2013-2019 yılları arasındaki Türkiye’de meydana gelen deprem kayıtlarında P ve S fazlarının geliş zamanlarını otomatik olarak tespit eden derin öğrenme algoritmasının başarımı değerlendirilmiştir. Sonuçlar, makine öğrenmesinin geleneksel istatistiksel yöntemlere kıyasla daha doğru tahminler yapabildiğini ve insan kaynaklı hataların azaltılmasında etkili olduğunu göstermektedir. Çalışmada elde edilen bulgular, büyük veri tabanlarıyla eğitilmiş derin öğrenme tabanlı sismik faz tespit algoritmalarının, yerel ihtiyaçlara uygun hale getirilmesiyle sismolojik analizlerde doğruluk ve hız artışı sağlayabileceğini ortaya koymaktadır. Gelecekteki çalışmalarda, yerel veriyle de eğitilmiş modellerin karşılaştırmalı olarak incelenmesi ve faz tespitinde uzman müdahalesine ihtiyaç duymayan algoritmaların geliştirilmesi önerilmektedir.Öğe A global review of the trends and themes in polar tourism scholarship(CABI International, 2024) Stewart, Emma; Liggett, Daniela; Senigaglia, Valeria; Botelho, Larissa Lubiana; Badhe, Renuka; Caymaz, Ebru; Goh, Hong ChingIn recent years, we have witnessed a proliferation in the scholarly output related to the study of polar tourism. Having made a first appearance as an area of research in its own right almost five decades ago, scholarship on polar tourism has undergone a significant transformation and is now more likely to be underpinned by empirical, multi-disciplinary, multi-authored and theoretically situated research than in the past. Updating previous reviews, this chapter systematically reviews 626 journal articles published on polar tourism (1974-2022) and identifies key research trends and themes. Following Stewart et al. (2005, 2017), a database of journal articles was updated through a keyword search of two online scholarly databases (Scopus and Google Scholar) and other regionally relevant search engines and compiled into a spreadsheet for analysis. The chapter extends the previous reviews by including articles published in languages other than English (22 languages). By doing so, this review presents, for the first time, a comprehensive overview of scholarly output on polar tourism, benefiting from the international research efforts that have been undertaken. While the chapter reports a dominance of anglophone articles (almost 75% of all papers), there is an upswing of scholarly work outside of the anglophone literature. This linguistic diversity stands us in good stead to advance our understanding of polar tourism in its many guises. © CAB International 2025.Öğe Afet Risk Yönetişiminde Paydaş İlişkileri Yönetimi: Birleşmiş Milletler Örneği(2024) Caymaz, EbruAfet riskinin azaltımı, devletlerin bu tür riskleri yönetmek ve entegre bir yönetim modeli geliştirmek üzere kapsamlı bir strateji uygulamada kullandıkları yönetişim modeliyle yakından bağlantılıdır. Bu süreçte paydaş katılımı, acil durumlara ve afetlere yönelik planlamanın önemli bir parçasıdır. Afet yönetimiyle ilgili planlama çerçeveleri ve paydaşlar arasındaki rollerin, sorumlulukların, erişilebilir bilgilerin ve iş birliği fırsatlarının daha iyi anlaşılması, acil durum ve afet yönetimi için daha iyi sonuçlar alınmasını kolaylaştıracağından Sendai Çerçeve Programı’nda da hedeflendiği üzere afet riskinin azaltımı, iklim değişikliği ve Birleşmiş Milletler (BM) sürdürülebilir kalkınma amaçlarına ulaşma sürecinde paydaş ilişkileri kritik öneme sahiptir. Bu çalışmanın amacı; afet yönetiminde aktif olarak görevler üstlenen yerel ve ulusal çapta afet yöneticileri, şehir planlamacıları, sivil toplum kuruluşları, özel sektör temsilcileri ve uluslararası organizasyonlar arasındaki bilgi paylaşımına dayalı paydaş ilişkilerini tanımlamak ve BM’nin öngördüğü hedefler çerçevesinde etkinliğini tartışmaktır.Öğe Ülke Markalama Perspektifinden Stratejik İletişime Yönelik Bir Trend Analizi: İletişim ve Diplomasi Dergisi Örneği(2024) Bahar, Atalay; Caymaz, EbruStratejik iletişim, bir ülkenin iç ve dış politikasını, kamuoyunu etkilemek ve yönlendirmek amacıyla kullanılan planlı, uzun vadeli ve hedefe yönelik iletişim stratejilerini kapsayan ve son yıllarda büyük önem kazanan bir kavramdır. Bu minvalde, Türkiye markasını güçlendirmek amacıyla 2018 yılında Türkiye Cumhuriyeti Cumhurbaşkanlığı İletişim Başkanlığı’nın (kısaca İletişim Başkanlığı) kurulması, stratejik iletişimin kurumsallaşma sürecinde atılan en önemli adımlardan biri olarak öne çıkmaktadır. İletişim Başkanlığı tarafından yayımlanan İletişim ve Diplomasi Dergisi ise stratejik iletişim politikalarına ilişkin bilimsel araştırmalara yön veren bir platform işlevi görmesi bakımından önemlidir. Bu çalışmanın amacı; 2013 ve 2024 yılları arasında İletişim ve Diplomasi Dergisi’nin yayımlanan 12 sayısını trend analizi yöntemiyle inceleyerek İletişim Başkanlığı tarafından öncelik verilen stratejik iletişim perspektifini ortaya koymaktır. Dergide yer verilen içerik odakları ile en sık ve en az değinilen stratejik iletişim konularının da belirlendiği bu çalışmada en sık değinilen konu başlıklarının “yerel seçim”, “sosyal medya” ve “yeni medya” olduğu, en az değinilen konu başlıklarının ise “siyasal reklam”, “hakikat sonrası” ve “dijital diplomasi” olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Derginin dezenformasyon ve sosyal medya gibi stratejik iletişimin önemli konularını sıklıkla işlemesi, güncel konulara duyarlılığını ve bu konulardaki farkındalığı artırma çabasını yansıtırken, nispeten daha az sıklıklarda işlenen bilhassa bilim diplomasisi, algı yönetimi ve hakikat sonrası konularına yönelik daha kapsamlı disiplinlerarası çalışmalara ihtiyaç olduğu sonucuna ulaşılmıştır.Öğe Are Standard Surge Capacity Guidelines Feasible for all contexts? The Case of the Gaza Health System Struggling to Survive in Conditions of Siege and Armed Conflict(Dubai Iranian Hosp, 2024) Kınık, Kerem; Çal, Cüneyt; Koçak, Hüseyin; Zaqout, MuhammadBackground and Objectives: In emergencies and disasters, the expansion of a health service beyond its routine clinical care capacity can be defined as surge capacity. This study aims to provide a comprehensive description of the surge capacity (material, staff, structural, spatial and systems) of the health system in Gaza under siege and the concept of 'siege surge capacity. Methods: In this study, a document review was conducted based on news and reports published on the institutional websites of OCHA Occupied Palestinian Territory and the World Health Organization between 7 October and 7 December 2023. Results: Between 7 October and 07 December, 42 WHO and 138 OCHA news items or reports on Gaza were published. In particular, the study found that: (1) humanitarian supplies and personnel were prevented from entering and leaving Gaza; (2) limited medical evacuation from Gaza, acute fuel shortages and shortages of medicines and medical supplies affected health facilities and ambulances; (3) northern Gaza was evacuated at gunpoint; (4) lack of WaSH facilities in health facilities and shelters led to infectious diseases and outbreaks; and (5) lack of routine surveillance systems affected public health problems and surge capacity. Conclusion: Our findings show that the health system in Gaza has collapsed. Furthermore, the concept of surge capacity, which promotes preparedness for emergencies and disasters, was found to be inadequate. Therefore, it is recommended that the concept of siege surge capacity should be studied in a multidimensional way in order to protect the surviving health system.Öğe Determination of health workers' perceptions of the disaster management process and gender inequality: the case of a state hospital in Turkey(Emerald Group Publishing Ltd, 2023) Çoban, Büşra Nur; İnal Onal, EbruPurpose: This study aims to identify levels of gender perception specific to disaster management process and gender-related factors among the health workers employed at Çan State Hospital, Turkey. Design/methodology/approach: The study was carried out with a survey form consisting of 41 questions created by researchers with 207 health workers working at Çan State Hospital and by means of face-to-face interview technique. SPSS ver. 19.0 statistics software package was used in the research for analysis of data. Findings : Of the participants, 70.24% had experienced a disaster before; 88.03% reported that women and men were equally affected by disasters and 72.94% reported that women and men were equally affected by the COVID-19 pandemic. The majority of the participants (70.29%) reported that the COVID-19 pandemic affected health workers of both genders equally. The health workers who consider that the disaster legislation is gender-sensitive, who have attended any disaster response training and who consider that women are included in the fragile/vulnerable group in disaster response activities have been found out to have significantly higher gender perception scores specific to disaster management process (p < 0.05). Most of the participants stated that both genders were affected equally by the disasters they experienced, which manifests that they adopted an egalitarian approach. Practical implications: This study revealed the importance of providing disaster training for health workers to improve the gender perceptions. It is of high significance to integrate gender into the disaster trainings. Originality/value: This study identifies and evaluates health workers' disaster-specific perceptions of gender, and necessary response activities can be performed accordingly.Öğe A few acres of ice: environment, sovereignty, and grandeur in the French Antarctic(Taylor & Francis Ltd, 2024) Caymaz, Ebru[Anstract Not Available]Öğe Exploring gender-inclusive approaches in Turkish disaster risk management: insights from decision-makers, service providers, and NGOs(Routledge Journals, Taylor & Francis Ltd, 2024) Kaya, Edip; İnal Önal, Ebru; Paksoy Erbaydar, NüketThis study aims to reveal the experiences and views regarding gender sensitivity of service providers, decision-makers, and non-governmental organization (NGO) workers who operate during disasters. The study uses a phenomenological model - a qualitative approach. Data are collected by two trained interviewers using a semi-structured interview form. In-depth interviews are conducted with 52 individuals from four provinces in different regions of Türkiye. Then, the data are analysed using MAXQDA20, a qualitative analysis programme. The results show that a substantial proportion of the participants does not use gender-sensitive language or terminology. Women are defined by their domestic roles and motherhood, with reference to religious sources. Furthermore, in the context of the disaster risk management process, participants intensely report their views and experiences regarding the practical needs of women, such as hygiene, privacy, and access to information. However, the strategic needs of women, such as women's empowerment, gender-based data collection, and combating violence against women, are only mentioned by a few participants, especially NGO workers. Finally, most participants do not receive gender training. Those who receive it mention their experiences with vulnerable groups, violence against women, and other reproductive health issues.Öğe Improvement of General Disaster Preparedness Belief Scale Based on Health Belief Model(Cambridge Univ Press, 2018) İnal, Ebru; Doğan, NuriIntroduction The Health Belief Model (HBM) can be used as a guide in enhancing the peoples’ awareness, improving the motivation, and providing tools that address beliefs and attitudes toward general disaster preparedness (GDP). Methods The aim of this study was to improve and re-test all psychometric properties of the published General Disaster Preparedness Belief (GDPB) scale based on HBM carried out in the general population. This scale development study measured by 58 items was prepared under the same structure of the developed GDPB scale that measured 31 items before. This expanded scale was applied to 973 individuals. Firstly, the data from application of the expanded scale was examined under Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA). Then, the estimations obtained from Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA) for the expanded scale with 45 items were compared with the estimations obtained from the previous scale with 31 items. Results The EFA lead to the removal of 13 items and the retention of 45 items. The items which the factor loadings were below 0.30 and which gave the factor loadings for more dimension were excluded from the data set. A model measured six dimensions with 45 items was hypothesized: six items under perceived susceptibility, four items under perceived severity, six items under perceived benefits, 14 items under perceived barriers, five items under cues to action, and 10 items under self-efficacy. For CFA results, all estimations for factor loadings were significant. The scale with 45 items obtained in this study fit because Comparative Fit Index (CFI), Goodness of Fit Index (GFI), and Adjusted Goodness of Fit Index (AGFI) were over 0.95. Conclusion These results suggest that the scale with 45 items shows improvement in the scale with 31 items. This study indicates that the GDPB scale with 45 items based on HBM has acceptable validity and reliability. This tool can be used in disaster preparedness surveys.Öğe Preparations for Severe Winter Conditions by Emergency Health Personnel in Turkey(Cambridge Univ Press, 2014) Çalışkan, Cüneyt; Algan, Aysun; Koçak, Hüseyin; Küçük Biçer, Burcu; Şengelen, Meltem; Çakır, BanuObjective Emergency and core ambulance personnel work under all environmental conditions, including severe weather condtions. We evaluated emergency medical personnel in Çanakkale, Turkey, for their degree of preparedness. Methods A descriptive study was conducted in Çanakkale, Turkey, within 112 emergency service units and their 17 district stations. Surveys were developed to measure the level of preparedness for serious winter conditions that individual workers made for themselves, their homes, and their cars. Results Of the 167 survey participants, the mean age was 29.8 ± 7.9 years; 52.7% were women; more than half (54.75%) were emergency medical technicians; and 53.3% were married. Only 10.4% of those who heated their homes with natural gas had carbon monoxide detectors. Scores relating to household and individual preparation for severe winter conditions increased by participants’ age (P < .003), being married (P < .000) and working in the city center (P < .021); and for men whose cars were equipped with tow ropes, extra clothing, and snow tires (P < .05). Absenteeism was higher for central-city personnel than district workers because they were less prepared for harsh winter conditions (P = .016). Conclusion Many of the surveyed emergency health personel demonstrated insufficient preparations for serious winter conditions. To increase the safety and efficiency of emergency medical personnel, educational training programs should be rountinely conducted.Öğe Analysis of Medical Responses in Mass Gatherings: The Commemoration Ceremonies for the 100th Anniversary of the Battle of Gallipoli(Cambridge Univ Press, 2018) Koçak, Hüseyin; Çalışkan, Cüneyt; Sönmezler, Mehmet Şerafettin; Eliuz, Kenan; Kücükdurmaz, FatihIntroduction Mass crowds outside the routine population create a burden of disease on Emergency Medical Services (EMS). The need for EMS in various mass-crowd events may vary. It is especially important to determine the EMS requirement that emerges during the historic commemoration ceremonies in Çanakkale (Turkey). Hypothesis/Problem This study aims to determine the unique challenges in the planning of EMS responses provided for people from various countries at the commemoration ceremony for a 100-year-old war and to identify the medical provision of those services. Methods This descriptive study examined the patient applications in the Çanakkale EMS at the commemoration ceremonies for the 100th anniversary of Gallipoli Wars (Çanakkale Amphibious Wars – Turkey) on April 24-25, 2015. Results A total of 221 cases were handled by 112 EMS in the ceremony area. Of those, 87.3% of the cases applied to a mobile operating room (MOR) stationed in the ceremony area while 12.7% of them applied directly to the health care team in a large area in the ceremony area. Overall, 13.1% of the cases were transferred to the hospital for further evaluation and treatment. Patient presentation rate (PPR) of the patients who were treated during the two days was 4.42, and transfer to hospital rate (TTHR) of the cases transferred to the hospital was calculated to be 0.58. Conclusion Further studies may create models in regard to the estimations on mass and needs based on the data of previous organizations.Öğe Prevalence and predictors of post-traumatic stress disorder among survivors of the 2023 earthquakes in Türkiye: The case of a temporary camp(Elsevier, 2024) Kaya, Edip; İnal Önal, Ebru; Fatih, Sultanay; Güler, OnurThis study aimed to evaluate the potential prevalence of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) among survivors of the 2023 T & uuml;rkiye earthquakes and determine the factors linked to the severity of PTSD. The cross-sectional study was conducted in a temporary camp in Hatay between January 27 and February 2, 2024, approximately one year after the earthquakes. Two researchers visited the camp and offered participation to all the adults who met the study criteria. A total of 412 adults agreed to participate in the study and completed the questionnaire. A survey was used to gather information on various variables related to the context before, during, and after an earthquake. In addition, the Post-Traumatic Diagnostic Scale and the Brief Resilience Scale were used to measure PTSD and resilience, respectively. The screening scale indicated that 17.5 % of participants met the criteria for probable severe and 36.2 % met the criteria for probable moderate to severe PTSD, approximately 12 months post-earthquake. Multiple linear regression analyses revealed that PTSD was predicted by various factors in the within-, pre-, and postearthquake periods. Among pre-earthquake variables, sex (beta = 0.100, p < 0.05) and history of psychiatric illness (beta = 0.098, p < 0.01) predict PTSD. Among within-earthquake variables, severity of earthquake exposure (beta = 0.190, p < 0.001) predicted PTSD. Among post-earthquake variables, resilience (beta = -0.378, p < 0.001) was negatively associated with severity of PTSD. These findings underscore the significance of considering multiple factors when comprehending and addressing PTSD in the aftermath of a natural disaster.Öğe Assessing special education teachers' opinions in determining the needs of students with special needs in disasters: A qualitative study(Citta Aperta Edizioni Srl, 2024) Fatih, Sultanay; İnal Önal, EbruThis study aims to develop and determine the needs of students with special needs and the proposed solutions for them in the process of disaster management by applying the knowledge and experience of special education teachers. The study, conducted with a qualitative research method, was carried out on 15 teachers, 10 of whom were special education teachers working in a special education application school located in the Mersin province (Turkey). In the study, a semi- structured individual interview form was used to address the needs of students with special needs in disasters created by the researchers who conducted in-depth face-to-face interviews. The audio recordings taken from the participants were encoded in the MAXQDA 22 program. A considerable number of participants reported their opinions on moderate to severe intellectual disabilities. Two themes were reached as a result of
