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Öğe DETERMINATION OF THE VITAL ECOLOGICAL NETWORKS: THE CASE OF EUROPEAN SIDE OF TURKEY(Scibulcom Ltd, 2016) Yilmaz, R.; Yilmaz, O.The European side of Turkey is under environmental pressure due to the intensive use land. In this study, the identification of existing ecological value and ecological networks planning possibilities were explored. Within the scope of this research, a general overview of the status of the ecologic corridors forming the ecologic networks on the European side of Turkey was exhibited with 1/100 000 scale. The corridor areas, which are determined by prioritising the vegetative density and area usage decisions, are important elements that provide livelihood of the living in the area. There is a very dense human-oriented pressure on the peninsula due to reasons such as agriculture, industry and rapid population increase. It is necessary to support the ecologic corridors, one of the most important arguments to decrease the damage to the ecologic diversity on the peninsula, and preserve them. This study evaluates the Turkish side of the Thrace Peninsula. However, the same study needs to be evaluated in the sides of Greece and Bulgaria. It is necessary to conduct the Balkans ecologic network system planning in a holistic way. The ecologic network planning studies of the European side of Turkey should be conducted cross-border along with Turkey, Greece, Bulgaria and other Balkan countries. The cross-border needs to be planned altogether to preserve and develop the ecologic network.Öğe Fatty acid and lipophilic vitamin composition of seaweeds from Antalya and Canakkale (Turkey)(Consejo Superior Investigaciones Cientificas-Csic, 2019) Caf, F.; Sen Ozdemir, N.; Yilmaz, O.; Durucan, F.; Ak, IThe lipophilic vitamin and fatty acid profiles were determined in five edible seaweeds: Corallina elongata J. Ellis & Solander, 1786; Cystoseira barbata (Stackhouse) C. Agardh, 1820; Jania rubens (Linnaeus) J.V. Lamouroux, 1816; Laurencia obtusa (Hudson) J.V. Lamouroux, 1813 and Sargassum vulgare C. Agardh, 1820. Saturated fatty acids (SFAs) were the major fatty acid group, and 16:0 formed the highest SFA content (34-40%). 16: 0 was higher in the brown seaweeds (C. barbata, 40.55%; S. vulgare, 37.11%) than in the red seaweeds (C. elongata, 36.5%; L. obtusa, 34.57%; J. rubens, 34.22%). The other major fatty acids in the seaweeds were 18: 1n-9 and 16: 1n-7 from MUFA in the analyzed species. In addition, EPA was found in significant levels in the red seaweeds, whereas DHA was not detected in the analyzed species. The findings showed that difference among species were not statistically significant (p = 0.09-0.11), yet differences between two families (Sargassaceae and Corallinaceae) were significant (p = 0.006) in the fatty acid profile (p < 0.01). Also, differences between the Corallinaceae and Rhomomelaceae families were partially significant (p = 0.011-0.013) (p < 0.01). K1 and K2 vitamins as well as delta-tocopherol, alpha-tocopherol and retinol acetate were determined to be present in the seaweed extracts. Finally, ergosterol, stigmasterol and beta-sitosterol were found in all samples in differing ratios per species.Öğe Identifying the regeneration of forests post-fire with remote sensing techniques and examining the impact of forest regeneration on the natural landscape character: A case study of Erenkoy/Canakkale(Scibulcom Ltd., 2016) Yilmaz, O.; Ayhan, C.K.Canakkale Province has a total surface area of 996 000 ha of which 513 000 ha are covered with forests. In other words, 52% of the surface area consists of forests, including Kaz (Ida) Mountain, rich in endemic species. However, this valuable forest area had significant losses due to the fires in the last 10 years. On the 30th July 2008, the largest forest fire of the last 10 years occurred in Erenkoy area and 1464 ha were burnt. This region is located at the entrance of the Dardanelles where Canakkale naval wars (1915) took place, and has significant value in terms of both historical and natural landscape character. In this study, the area which was destroyed in the fire in 2008 has been identified using remote sensing techniques. In order to determine the environmental structure changes, NDVI vegetation tissue density analysis has been conducted and differences in vegetation intensity have been examined. The losses and changes in natural landscape characters have been studied on the basis of flora and fauna. During the study process, the landscape has been defined on the basis of natural and cultural features and its character has been classified. The existing and potential destructions in the area have been identified and landscape planning decisions were suggested to resolve the degradation. © 2016, Scibulcom Ltd. All rights reserved.Öğe IDENTIFYING THE REGENERATION OF FORESTS POST-FIRE WITH REMOTE SENSING TECHNIQUES AND EXAMINING THE IMPACT OF FOREST REGENERATION ON THE NATURAL LANDSCAPE CHARACTER: A CASE STUDY OF ERENKOY/CANAKKALE(Scibulcom Ltd, 2016) Yilmaz, O.; Ayhan, C. K.Canakkale Province has a total surface area of 996 000 ha of which 513 000 ha are covered with forests. In other words, 52% of the surface area consists of forests, including Kaz (Ida) Mountain, rich in endemic species. However, this valuable forest area had significant losses due to the fires in the last 10 years. On the 30th July 2008, the largest forest fire of the last 10 years occurred in Erenkoy area and 1464 ha were burnt. This region is located at the entrance of the Dardanelles where Canakkale naval wars (1915) took place, and has significant value in terms of both historical and natural landscape character. In this study, the area which was destroyed in the fire in 2008 has been identified using remote sensing techniques. In order to determine the environmental structure changes, NDVI vegetation tissue density analysis has been conducted and differences in vegetation intensity have been examined. The losses and changes in natural landscape characters have been studied on the basis of flora and fauna. During the study process, the landscape has been defined on the basis of natural and cultural features and its character has been classified. The existing and potential destructions in the area have been identified and landscape planning decisions were suggested to resolve the degradation.Öğe Livestock Damage by Carnivores and Use of Livestock Guardian Dogs for its Prevention in Europe - A review(Journal Livestock Science, 2015) Yilmaz, O.; Coskun, F.; Ertugrul, M.In the last century livestock animals in Europe were decreased after industry revolution because of mechanization and industrialization. Ungulates were ignored as transport or pack animals. Small ruminants were decreased because lesser importance of wool and hair additional grazing areas were decreased because of using those areas as field, industrial or human buildings. In ancient times majority of people were farmers but nowadays farmers are minority almost in all developed countries. Because of those reasons while pastoral areas were decreasing, urban areas were increased which caused smaller living areas for wild animals. Besides that developed gun industry facilitated killing wild animals for hunting or other reasons. In most of European countries, large carnivores have been decreased because of those reasons. Farmers tend to raise animals from extensive systems to intensive systems in order to get more yields by giving less feed or spend less money. All these reasons push farmers for intensive farming systems.Öğe Research on Land Use Decisions to Carry out Remote Sensing: A Case Study on Gediz Delta(Univ Namik Kemal, 2011) Yilmaz, O.; Erdem, U.Gediz Delta is place of empties itself into the sea of Gediz River. It's one of the important wetland of Turkey which under the protection of Ramsar Convention. It has lots of lagoones, salt marshes, freshwater marshes, large saltpans and also ornitotourism place Kus Cenneti. Gediz Delta has rich flora and fauna biodiversity because of this it's important place for natural life sustainability. Gediz river has carried pollution factors from 4 cities. In addition Izmir city urbanization pressure has been threated the area where is 44 km far form city center. Thus It's vital important to determination of landuse decisions and planning. In this study has been evaluated of Gediz Delta landuse decisions by remote sensing techniques. During the study, research area and its surrounds has been searched for natural, cultural and agricultural structure. In addition, to obtain natural structure data's has been used Landsat 7 ETM satellite image analyses techniques and geographical information systems. Corine (Coordination of Information on Environment) standarts, which European Environmental Agency standarts for landuse situation, have been used as landuse standarts. In this study landuse decisions have been determinated. It can base on planning process.Öğe RESEARCH ON THE ENVIRONMENTAL AWARENESS LEVEL AND ITS DEVELOPING POSSIBILITIES IN CANAKKALE, TURKEY(Scibulcom Ltd, 2016) Yilmaz, O.This study is aimed to determine environmental awareness of public in Canakkale city. This city has important historical sites and is facing various environmental problems. Environmental awareness is the knowledge of the importance of that the damage of the environment has to be avoided and the sustainable use of the environment needs to be maintained. The related literature was examined. The increase of environmental awareness is due to effective implementation of environmental conservation programs. The behaviours and thoughts of Canakkale inhabitants on environmental awareness were determined through specially prepared questionnaire form. Besides, this study investigates the effect of the economic and socio-cultural factors on the environmental awareness. Questionnaire study was applied in 2014 to 402 people through face-to-face interviewing method. On the 'Socio-economic Structure', relation between the factors of gender, condition, age, income, profession, education was studied. According to the results of this study, the environmental awareness score was calculated as 74.44 out of 100.Öğe Research on the environmental awareness level and its developing possibilities in Canakkale, Turkey(Scibulcom Ltd., 2016) Yilmaz, O.This study is aimed to determine environmental awareness of public in Canakkale city. This city has important historical sites and is facing various environmental problems. Environmental awareness is the knowledge of the importance of that the damage of the environment has to be avoided and the sustainable use of the environment needs to be maintained. The related literature was examined. The increase of environmental awareness is due to effective implementation of environmental conservation programs. The behaviours and thoughts of Canakkale inhabitants on environmental awareness were determined through specially prepared questionnaire form. Besides, this study investigates the effect of the economic and socio-cultural factors on the environmental awareness. Questionnaire study was applied in 2014 to 402 people through face-to-face interviewing method. On the ‘Socio-economic Structure’, relation between the factors of gender, condition, age, income, profession, education was studied. According to the results of this study, the environmental awareness score was calculated as 74.44 out of 100. © 2016, Scibulcom Ltd. All rights reserved.Öğe Scattering of a Charged Particle from a Hard Cylindrical Solenoid: Aharonov-Bohm Effect(Elsevier Science Bv, 2014) Yilmaz, O.The scattering amplitude f(k) (alpha, 0) of a charged particle from a long hard cylindrical solenoid is derived by solving the time independent Schrodinger equation on a double connected plane. The amplitude is expressed by a summation over the angular momentum quantum number m (partial wave summation). It is shown that only negative mechanical angular momenta, m + alpha < 0, contribute to the amplitude when the radius of the solenoid goes to the zero limit (alpha -> 0) without varying the magnetic induction flux alpha = Phi(B)/Phi(0) (flux line). The original Aharonov-Bohm result is obtained with this limit.Öğe SWOT ANALYSIS OF ECOTOURISM AS A TOOL FOR SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT: A CASE RESEARCH IN NORTH-WEST BLACK SEA COASTAL ZONE OF TURKEY(Scibulcom Ltd, 2013) Yilmaz, O.; Mansuroglu, S.; Yilmaz, R.Social and environmental impacts, responses and indicators are reviewed for the mainstream tourism sector worldwide, in five categories: population, peace, prosperity, pollution and protection, tourism contributions to urban development, material consumption, and pressure on protected areas. Depending on the improvement of environmental consciousness, new trends appeared and innovation and diversity increased in tourism. In recent years, tourism has been playing a more significant role in the economies of several developing countries, including Turkey. Ecotourism is seen as a tool for conservation and sustainable development. Coastal zone of Black Sea extending along the north and north-west part of the region, however, is a protected zone with regards to its natural values. Integrated ecosystems of forests, coastal zones, mountains, wetlands and dunes have both ecological and economical values for the people living in the arae. An alternative activity, which gives priority to the protection of natural and cultural values, should be improved for the people. In this research, it was aimed to determine ecotourism developments by using SWOT (Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities and Threats) analysis in north-west Black Sea coast of Turkey. SWOT analysis is a method related to the analysis of the situation of the area in terms of external (opportunities and threats - OT) and internal (strengths, weaknesses SW) factors. In this study, the ecotourism development of the area located between Bulgaria border and Istanbul, which is placed on the north-west Black Sea coastal zone of Turkey, has been evaluated via SWOT analysis, according to the landscape planning principles. Determination of ecotourism potential in the areas with high eco-tourism potential and formation of a landscape management plan are the issues that have been studied in terms of different perspectives. It is important that a planning be done for the increase of opportunities and strengths determined according to the analysis results. On the other hand, this planning process aims to decrease the weaknesses and threats as well. As a result, natural and cultural features of north-west Black Sea coastal zone of Turkey are suitable for alternative tourism. But the links between tourism, prosperity and sustainability are complex. When eco-tourism is planned well, it provides benefits for providing the sustainability of natural and cultural resources and bringing environmental, economic and social concerns together.Öğe Swot analysis of ecotourism as a tool for sustainable development: A case research in north-west black sea coastal zone of Turkey(2013) Yilmaz, O.; Mansuroglu, S.; Yilmaz, R.Social and environmental impacts, responses and indicators are reviewed for the mainstream tourism sector worldwide, in five categories: population, peace, prosperity, pollution and protection, tourism contributions to urban development, material consumption, and pressure on protected areas. Depending on the improvement of environmental consciousness, new trends appeared and innovation and diversity increased in tourism. In recent years, tourism has been playing a more significant role in the economies of several developing countries, including Turkey. Ecotourism is seen as a tool for conservation and sustainable development. Coastal zone of Black Sea extending along the north and north-west part of the region, however, is a protected zone with regards to its natural values. Integrated ecosystems of forests, coastal zones, mountains, wetlands and dunes have both ecological and economical values for the people living in the arae. An alternative activity, which gives priority to the protection of natural and cultural values, should be improved for the people. In this research, it was aimed to determine ecotourism developments by using SWOT (Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities and Threats) analysis in north-west Black Sea coast of Turkey. SWOT analysis is a method related to the analysis of the situation of the area in terms of external (opportunities and threats - OT) and internal (strengths, weaknesses - SW) factors. In this study, the ecotourism development of the area located between Bulgaria border and Istanbul, which is placed on the north-west Black Sea coastal zone of Turkey, has been evaluated via SWOT analysis, according to the landscape planning principles. Determination of ecotourism potential in the areas with high eco-tourism potential and formation of a landscape management plan are the issues that have been studied in terms of different perspectives. It is important that a planning be done for the increase of opportunities and strengths determined according to the analysis results. On the other hand, this planning process aims to decrease the weaknesses and threats as well. As a result, natural and cultural features of north-west Black Sea coastal zone of Turkey are suitable for alternative tourism. But the links between tourism, prosperity and sustainability are complex. When eco-tourism is planned well, it provides benefits for providing the sustainability of natural and cultural resources and bringing environmental, economic and social concerns together.Öğe The domestic livestock resources of Turkey: inventory of pigeon groups and breeds with notes on breeder organizations(Cambridge Univ Press, 2013) Yilmaz, O.; Savas, T.; Ertugrul, M.; Wilson, R. T.The pigeon is one species among the numerous domestic animal types that contribute to the economy of Turkey as food and work, and provide diversion and pleasure for the nation's people. Pigeons are kept at the household level, usually in small numbers, by many hundreds of thousands of Turkish families, yet they have been subject to little study. This paper collates much of the information available (almost all in the Turkish language) to provide a brief history of the bird in Turkey. An inventory of the nine groups and 72 breeds that have been identified is presented. Some of these breeds are international in status, some are widespread in Turkey and some have only local distribution; many breeds have synonyms which are used in their areas of distribution. There is little government or academic support for pigeon breeders. The private Pigeon Breeders Association of Turkey and the Turkish Pigeon Federation are umbrella organisations for a number of breed clubs. In an initial attempt to standardise the national pigeon genetic resources, two of the more widespread breeds have been registered with the Animal Breeds Registration Committee of the Ministry of Food, Agriculture and Livestock.Öğe The role of stellar envelope convection in gravity-darkening and its relation to observational data(Elsevier, 2007) Inlek, G.; Boke, A.; Yilmaz, O.; Budding, E.We study the role of convection in the surface heat flow of low mass stellar envelopes with the aid of Paczynski's public domain program program GOB. This role is important, for example, for the analysis of light curves of close binary stars. We have considered atrnospheric models for a range of masses similar to the components of contact or near-contact binaries between 0.4 and 1.1 M-circle dot, and examined the effects of changing luminosity, surface temperature and mixing length for stars of given mass. Our presentation includes checks of the modeling against published standard stellar envelopes. A slight program modification allowed gravity darkening coefficients for selected models to be calculated directly. If the procedure proposed by Lucy is followed, similar values of the index beta(similar to 0.06-0.1) are obtained for a fairly wide range of masses, luminosities and effective temperatures of cool stars. There also appears no strong dependence on the mixing-length parameter alpha. There are, however, physical differences between the conditions that apply to this derivation of the index and those of a photosphere distorted by rotation and tides, but having net dynamical stability. Thus, the dependency of T-e on g was argued to come from the ratio of partial derivatives of the adiabatic constant K for the layer where convection starts; but a subconvective equipotential surface, where K would be constant, cannot coincide with such a layer. The adopted procedure is therefore inappropriate, and would involve different heat transfer regimes in different radial directions (say, polar or equatorial). A corresponding evaluation for the layer in which the convective flux becomes maximal shows less sensitivity to T-e The corresponding index is then much closer to, or even greater than, the von Zeipel value. Other arauments are also considered, including those of Anderson and Shu [Anderson, L.. Shu, F.H., 1977. ApJ 214, 798] about the independence of the convective flux to local gravity, as well as the role of superphotospheric circulation effects, which could reduce the gravity darkening index to less than its subphotospheric value. Observational evaluations of gravity darkening for close binary systems, in general, are still inconclusive, due to the strong correlation between beta and other parameters characterizing the light curve shape, particularly in the scale photometric 'ellipticity' effects. It is possible that very precise light curves that may be obtained in the future will allow this situation to be improved. The general surface distribution of emergent flux in the far infra-red of Jupiter may be a pointer in the direction of future studies of the subject. (c) 2006 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.Öğe Towards determination of the laplace gravity parameter h(2009) Budding, E.; Yilmaz, O.We review a compressive model for material inertia and the effect of gravitation which follows naturally from it. We show that this model is consistent with the relativity principle, and suggest how a slight departure in the observed advance of the perihelion of the orbit of Mercury could put an upper limit on the Laplace screening parameter h.Öğe USING MULTI-TEMPORAL REMOTE SENSING FOR CORINE LAND USE/LAND COVER CHANGE: A CASE STUDY OF WEST-SOUTH COASTAL ZONE OF ISTANBUL CITY(Scibulcom Ltd, 2022) Yilmaz, O.; Yilmaz, R.The aim of this study is to evaluate the land use/land cover (LU/LC) changes on the West-South shore of the Sea of Marmara in Silivri near Istanbul using remotely sensed data (Landsat images) and geographic information systems. The percent of LU/LC types has been calculated by using of geographic information systems. The results of the satellite based on land cover classes have been accomplished matched with the CORINE (Coordination of Information on the Environment) database. In this study, land use/land cover changes concerning 2018 have been analysed and compared to previous data of LU/LC changes concerning 1987 and 2000 in Silivri. Satellite images from 1987, 2000, and 2018 were monitored and used to determine the multi-temporal changes in the same area. The study reports changes of land use/land cover over 13 + 18 = 31 years period (1987-2000-2018) in Silivri District, West-South part of Istanbul, Turkey. The study results indicate that increases due to 'artificial surfaces' land use will affect negatively the agricultural lands, forest and natural grasslands. Finally, the artificial surfaces reached to approximately 53% of study area in 2018. Population and populated areas expanded in parallel with the expansion in industrial areas and the construction of the motorway. Urban fabric area reached to 19% in 2018 and it shows a continuous increase. As a result, this study will form an important basis for the planning of the region based on ecological and sustainable planning principles, by following the alteration in LU/LC as multi-temporal.
