Yazar "Yildirim, Ismet" seçeneğine göre listele

Listeleniyor 1 - 9 / 9
  • [ X ]
    Öğe
    Determination of pesticide residues in water and soil resources of Troia (Troy)
    (Parlar Scientific Publications (P S P), 2007) Yildirim, Ismet; Oezcan, Hasan
    This study was carried out in the Troia (Troy) National Park, a secondary bird migration corridor on the North-South axis in northwest Turkey, which was proclaimed a national park in 1996, and a world cultural heritage in 1998 by the UNESCO on account of its archeological richness. The aim of this study was to determine the residues of widely used pesticides, such as alpha- and beta-hexachlorohexane (HCH), heptachlor, aldrin, alpha- and beta-endosulfan, endosulfan sulphate, methoxychlor, endrin, dieldrin, fenthion, azinphosmethyl, malathion, methamidophos, diazinon, trifluralin, malathion, captan, cypermetyhrin, ethion, and mancozeb in soil as well as surface and ground water resources. Methoxychlor, alpha-endosulfan, beta-endosulfan, alpha-HCH and beta-HCH were detected in water samples collected from 13 sites in 4 different water resources between May and August 2003, whereas HCH, ethion, endosulfan, captan, trifluralin and mancozeb residues were found in soil samples taken according to plant patterns from 14 different sites at depths of 0-20 cm in August 2003. The residues of alpha-endosulfan were higher than the others, and ranged between 0.079-1.8 ppb, with an average of 0.369 ppb in May, but 0-8.3 ppb, with an average of 0.954 ppb in August. The dominant residue in soil samples was HCH (0-49 ppb), with an average of 10.07 ppb. It was concluded that the observed decrease in species and number of migratory birds in the region could be a result of the amount of pesticide residues in both water and soil resources, originating from intensive agricultural applications.
  • [ X ]
    Öğe
    Effects of alternative spray programs and various combinations of green pruning on powdery mildew [Uncinula necator (Schw.) Burr.] in Karasakiz (Kuntra) grape cultivar
    (Tubitak Scientific & Technological Research Council Turkey, 2010) Yildirim, Ismet; Dardeniz, Alper
    The effects of alternative spray programs, NaHCO3/K2SiO3 + sulphur, KH2PO4/di - 1 - p - menthone, and a conventional spray program, penconazole/sulphur, as well as various levels of shoot toppings (to the 1st, 3rd, and 5th buds) on powdery mildew disease [Uncinula necator (Schw.) Burr.] and grape quality were investigated in this study. The study was carried out on grape variety Karasakiz (Vitis vinifera L.) during 2003 and 2004 growing seasons. The effectiveness of NaHCO3/K2SiO3 + sulphur, KH2PO4/di - 1 - p - menthene alternate spray programs against powdery mildew was found as 74.8% and 70.7% on leaf and 65.7% and 62.1% on bunch in he 2003 vegetation period, which were close to the results (80.3% on leaf, 72.3% on bunch) obtained with the conventional control program (penconazole/sulphur). In 2004, NaHCO3/K2SiO3 + sulphur (44.7%) was more effective for the control of leaf powdery mildew than penconazole/sulphur (29.0%). In addition, it also exhibited a similar effect on bunches. NaHCO3/K2SiO3 + sulphur and penconazole/sulphur treatments showed positive effects on the yield and quality of grapes. All spray programs demonstrated a better performance in the vineyards where pruning was practiced from the 1st and 3rd buds after the last bunch of the grapes rather than from the 5th bud. According to the results of the study, NaHCO3/K2SiO3 + sulphur spray program could be used in combination with the green pruning from the 3rd bud to control the disease in organic and integrated wine grapes, while KH2PO4/di - 1 - p menthene spray program is more effective with the same pruning practice in the areas where climatic conditions are less favourable for U. necator, and pathogen-resistant grape varieties are grown.
  • [ X ]
    Öğe
    Fruit-growers' perceptions on the harmful effects of pesticides and their reflection on practices: The case of Kemalpasa, Turkey
    (Elsevier Sci Ltd, 2007) Isin, Sule; Yildirim, Ismet
    In this study, 61 randomly selected fruit-growers in a specific area of Turkey were interviewed to reveal their perceptions regarding the harmful effects of pesticides and whether these are reflected in their pesticide practices. After their perceptions of pesticides as harmful to the environment and human health were determined, their pesticide practices were investigated. Whether these perceptions and certain characteristics of the farmers had an impact on their practices was assessed using a logistic regression, assuming that producers who regard pesticides as slightly harmful or harmful to the environment and human health would be more sensitive in their practices. The analysis showed that behaviour adopted by farmers with regard to pesticide practices was influenced more by characteristics such as age, fruit-growing experience and education. Thus the perception on the harmful effects of the pesticides is not fully reflected in practices and that attitudes and practices are inconsistent with each other. Various precautions need to be taken in order to bring about a consistency between the farmers' existing environmental awareness and their behaviour. (c) 2006 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
  • [ X ]
    Öğe
    Fungi in the atmospheric air of Canakkale province in Turkey
    (Academic Journals, 2009) Suerdem, Tuelay Bican; Yildirim, Ismet
    In this study, the variability of airborne fungal flora and their monthly distribution in the atmosphere in 5 different locations of Canakkale Province (Turkey) were investigated by means of the petri plate gravitational method from April 1, 2000 to March 31, 2001. Samples were taken from air by exposing petri dishes with malt extract agar (MEA) and rose bengal chloramphenicol (RBCA) media for 15 min. Then growing colonies were enumerated. Fungi were isolated in 360 petri dishes used and 4105 colonies were counted. By identification of these isolations, 19 genera (Cladosporium, Alternaria, Penicillium, Phoma, Aspergillus, Botrytis, Chaetomium, Chrysosporium, Didymocladium, Doratomyces, Drechslera, Fusarium, Humicola, Mucor, Rhizoctonia, Rhizopus, Sporotricum, Trichoderma, Ulocladium), 21 species blonging to 10 genera and Mycellia sterilia were determined. The most predominants were Cladosporium (27.5%), Alternaria (18.5%), M. sterilia (13.5%), Phoma (7.9%), Penicillium (6.7%) and Aspergillus (5.9%). In addition most of fungi isolated were important aeroallergens and phythopathogens.
  • [ X ]
    Öğe
    Fungi in the atmospheric air of Çanakkale province in Turkey
    (2009) Suerdem, Tülay Bican; Yildirim, Ismet
    In this study, the variability of airborne fungal flora and their monthly distribution in the atmosphere in 5 different locations of Çanakkale Province (Turkey) were investigated by means of the petri plate gravitational method from April 1, 2000 to March 31, 2001. Samples were taken from air by exposing petri dishes with malt extract agar (MEA) and rose bengal chloramphenicol (RBCA) media for 15 min. Then growing colonies were enumerated. Fungi were isolated in 360 petri dishes used and 4105 colonies were counted. By identification of these isolations, 19 genera (Cladosporium, Alternaria, Penicillium, Phoma, Aspergillus, Botrytis, Chaetomium, Chrysosporium, Didymocladium, Doratomyces, Drechslera, Fusarium, Humicola, Mucor, Rhizoctonia, Rhizopus, Sporotricum, Trichoderma, Ulocladium), 21 species blonging to 10 genera and Mycellia sterilia were determined. The most predominants were Cladosporium (27.5%), Alternaria (18.5%), M. sterilia (13.5%), Phoma (7.9%), Penicillium (6.7%) and Aspergillus (5.9%). In addition most of fungi isolated were important aeroallergens and phythopathogens. © 2009 Academic Journals.
  • [ X ]
    Öğe
    Fungi occurring on the plants of the genus Amaranthus L.
    (Tubitak Scientific & Technological Research Council Turkey, 2015) Pusz, Wojciech; Plaskowska, Elzbieta; Yildirim, Ismet; Weber, Ryszard
    A study of fungi on Amaranthus spp. was performed in 2007-2009. The following forms of the genus were taken under consideration: cultivated amaranth (A. cruentus) and a wild form (A. retroflexus) growing as a weed on amaranth and sugar beet plantations and growing as a ruderal weed. The aim of the work was to determine which fungi communities occur in the phyllosphere, roots, rhizoplane, and rhizosphere of Amaranthus spp. To investigate the phyllosphere fungi communities, 5 plants were taken in the seed formation phase. From each plant, 3 healthy, symptomless leaves were taken. In addition, the isolation of fungi communities from the roots, rhizoplane, and rhizosphere was performed in the seed formation phase. Ten plants from each location were taken along the diagonal of the plot. In total, 38 species of fungi were isolated from the phyllosphere of Amaranthus spp., and of that number, 30 were collected from A. cruentus and 29 from A. retroflexus. In total, 29 fungi species were isolated from the roots of all the observed forms of amaranth. From the rhizosphere of all amaranth species tested, 44 fungi species were isolated. The most frequently recorded taxa within the associations of fungi isolated from the phyllosphere were Cladosporium spp. (C. cladosporioides and C. herbarum), Alternaria alternata, and Epicoccum nigrum. Fungi species of the genera Penicillium, Fusarium, Cladosporium, and Phoma, as well as species of A. alternata, were isolated in great abundance from the roots and the rhizosphere of the amaranth plants.
  • [ X ]
    Öğe
    Inhibition of conidia germination and mycelial growth of Botrytis cinerea by some alternative chemicals
    (Asian Network for Scientific Information, 2007) Yildirim, Ismet; Yapici, Binnur Meriçli
    Fungal activities of food additives, potassium sorbate, methylparaben, sodium benzoate, propylparaben, sorbic acid and plant activators harpin-protein and potassium dioxide were comparatively examined with ipradion in vitro conditions on two isolates of Botrytis cinerea obtained from strawberry fruits. Food additives and plant activators showed inhibitory effect at different levels on the mycelial growth of fungus isolates. According to the Minimum Inhibition Concentration (MIC), sorbic acid (300 ?g mL-1 for each isolate) and comparison fungicide ipradion (10 ?g mL-1 for each isolate) displayed the highest inhibition effect on the radial mycelial growth of fungal isolates. Similar efficacy was obtained at the highest dose (1000 ?g mL -1) from other additives propylparaben (for both isolates), potassium sorbet and methylparaben (for isolate 1) and from plant activator potassium oxide. It was detected that all alternative substances has high inhibition activity according to ED50 values. Methylparaben, harpin-protein and potassium oxide revealed efficacies similar to ipradion. While harpin-protein did not have any effect on B. Cinerea germination, other alternative substances excluding potassium sorbate inhibited germination completely at differing doses. Potassium oxide and food additives except potassium sorbate inhibited the spore germination of isolates by 50% at doses between 25-345 ?g mL-1. MIC value of ipradion on spore germination of isolate-1 and isolate-2 was determined as 10 and 30 ?g mL-1, while ED50 values were determined as 2.9 and 12.5 ?g mL-1, respectively. Data obtained from the research verified that food additives may be used in traditional and organic agriculture individually, or in appropriate combination with each other or with fungicides. Moreover, the study put forth that harpin-protein and potassium oxide not only activate plants against pathogens, but they may also have toxic effect on different growth periods of fungus. Although ipradion works only with two isolates, its MIC and ED50 values were considered noteworthy in terms of the resistance risk of B. cinerea. © 2007 Asian Network for Scientific Information.
  • [ X ]
    Öğe
    THE EFFECTS OF HEAD ROT DISEASE (Rhizopus stolonifer) ON SUNFLOWER GENOTYPES AT TWO DIFFERENT GROWTH STAGES
    (Soc Field Crop Sci, 2010) Yildirim, Ismet; Turhan, Hakan; Ozgen, Berrin
    Head rot caused by Rhizopus stolonifer reduces sunflower seed yield and quality. The objective of this study was to determine the effects of head rot disease on seed yield in eight sunflower cultivars. The sunflower cultivars were inoculated by R. stolonifer at two different growth stages (R5.7 and R6.0) of sunflower. The results revealed that mechanical or physical damage on back of sunflower head results in infection of the head rot disease and significantly reduced the seed yield. The differences among the cultivars were significant for disease severity. The results also significantly varied with growth stages for seed yield of the cultivars. In addition, the cultivars showed significant differences in terms of their responses to R. stolonifer at both two growing stages. As a result, mechanical damages on back side of the plant head cause significant increase in disease severity and yield losses in sunflower.
  • [ X ]
    Öğe
    The effects of head rot disease (Rhizopus stolonifer) on sunflower genotypes at two different growth stages
    (2010) Yildirim, Ismet; Turhan, Hakan; Özgen, Berrin
    Head rot caused by Rhizopus stolonifer reduces sunflower seed yield and quality. The objective of this study was to determine the effects of head rot disease on seed yield in eight sunflower cultivars. The sunflower cultivars were inoculated by R. stolonifer at two different growth stages (R5.7 and R6.0) of sunflower. The results revealed that mechanical or physical damage on back of sunflower head results in infection of the head rot disease and significantly reduced the seed yield. The differences among the cultivars were significant for disease severity. The results also significantly varied with growth stages for seed yield of the cultivars. In addition, the cultivars showed significant differences in terms of their responses to R. stolonifer at both two growing stages. As a result, mechanical damages on back side of the plant head cause significant increase in disease severity and yield losses in sunflower.