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    Öğe
    Genetic diversity of Turkish colored maize landraces assessed by simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers
    (Springer, 2025) Yildirim, Ezgi Alaca; Kahriman, Fatih; Matur, Ferhat
    Assessing genetic diversity in maize landraces is critical for conserving genetic resources and unlocking their potential for use in breeding programs. This study investigated the genetic diversity of 34 Turkish colored maize landraces using 28 simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers. Genetic variation was evaluated through gene differentiation and fixation index (Fst) analysis, complemented by Nei's gene diversity index (h), Jaccard similarity index (J), and unweighted pair group method with arithmetic mean (UPGMA) to examine genetic relationships among populations. The SSR markers exhibited high polymorphic informativeness and discrimination power, highlighting their effectiveness in assessing genetic diversity. The analysis revealed expected heterozygosity (He) values ranging from 0.1023 to 0.8832, Nei's gene diversity index (h) of 0.5458, Shannon's diversity index (I) of 1.0338, and Jaccard similarity index (J) values between 0.06 and 0.289, indicating substantial genetic variation among the landraces. These findings demonstrate the significant genetic diversity present in Turkish colored maize landraces and underscore their value as a genetic reservoir for breeding programs focused on agronomic or quality traits. Integrating these results with field performance evaluations may offer valuable insights and contribute to the development of improved maize cultivars.
  • [ X ]
    Öğe
    Sampling number effects on genetic variation analysis in maize landraces using seed and leaf tissues
    (Springer, 2025) Kahriman, Fatih; Egesel, Cem Omer; Songur, Umut; Yildirim, Ezgi Alaca
    Maize landraces are crucial genetic resources for enhancing genetic diversity within breeding programs and for providing novel alleles that may be absent in registered cultivars. This study evaluates the effects of sample type (leaf vs. seed) and sample size (Single, 10, 20, and 30 individuals) on the outcomes of molecular diversity analysis in maize. DNA was extracted from 11 different maize landraces and two standard genotypes (B73 and Mo17) using optimized protocols. Simple sequence repeat (SSR) marker analysis revealed significant variation in genetic diversity indices between sample types. The analysis of molecular of variance (AMOVA) indicated that 10.98% of the variation in seed samples was explained by the sampling method, while all variation in leaf samples was attributed to differences among genotypes. Dendrogram and graphical analyses demonstrated that seed samples from groups of 10 and 20 exhibited more genetic similarity, while leaf samples showed higher complexity between 10 and 30-sample groups. These findings support the utility of SSR markers in evaluating genetic diversity and emphasize that both tissue type and sample size should be carefully considered in future assesments of genetic variability in maize landraces.