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    Effect of macronutrients (carbon, nitrogen, and phosphorus) on the growth of Chlamydomonas reinhardtii and nutrient recovery under different trophic conditions
    (Springer Heidelberg, 2023) Yasar, Cigdem Oz; Fletcher, Louise; Camargo-Valero, Miller Alonso
    More stringent discharge standards have led to the development of an alternative nutrient recovery system from wastewater. Microalgae cultivation in wastewater treatment works has presented considerable promise from the perspective of sustainable resource management. Growth kinetics models are useful tools to optimize nutrient recovery from wastewater by algal uptake. Therefore, this research aims to identify the growth kinetics of Chlamydomonas reinhardtii under both heterotrophic and phototrophic conditions with different nutrient concentrations that typify those found in wastewater treatment works. In addition, the effects of macronutrients (C, N, and P) on heterotrophic and phototrophic microalgae growth and nutrient recovery were studied. Greater specific growth rates were achieved under heterotrophic conditions than in phototrophic cultivation. The maximum specific growth rates and nutrient recovery efficiencies were achieved at 5 mg P L-1 under both heterotrophic and phototrophic growth conditions. Nitrate was the preferred form of nitrogen source under heterotrophic conditions, while nitrogen sources did not present any significant influences in the phototrophic cultivation. Specific growth rates reported for both heterotrophic and phototrophic microalgae at lower carbon concentrations (3.10 d(-1) and 0.46 d(-1), sequentially) were higher than those at higher carbon concentrations (1.95 d(-1) and 0.22 d(-1), respectively). C. reinhardtii presented an extreme capacity to adapt and grow at all experimental conditions tested in heterotrophic and phototrophic cultivations.
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    Implementation of a Full-scale Circular Constructed Wetlands to Treat Greywater at Natural Tourism in Malang, Indonesia
    (EDP Sciences, 2023) Yulistyorini, Anie; Yasar, Cigdem Oz; Utomo, Satriaji Ikhlas; Dewi, Vita Ayu Kusuma; Rahayuningsih, Titi; Siswahyudi, Dwi
    This research examines a circular-shape constructed wetlands (CCW) system at Bedengan Camping Site (BCS) as Natural Tourism in Malang, Indonesia. There are family fun-park, shallow rivers, and camping grounds at BNT as a tourist attraction. The CW system was built in 2021 and used to treat greywater from public toilets, food courts, and cafes. This study aims to demonstrate the performance of the CW system in treating greywater to meet the standard limits of the treated wastewater. The CW was arranged in a circular shape to follow the contour of the land, and three water plants such as Canna, Heliconia psittacorum, and Equisetum hyemale planted for the CW treatment. A sampling of wastewater took place during covid-19 pandemic and after the pandemic from three sampling ports: the sedimentation tank, inlet of CCW, and outlet of CCW. The results show that the CCW system performs well in reducing organic pollutants from greywater produced by visitors and meets the domestic wastewater threshold limit as stated in the Ministry of Environment and Forestry Regulation No. P.68/2016. The average of the organic pollutant removals was higher than 90%, while the pH of the treated water changed from acid to neutral condition. It is assumed that the CW system can provide a neutralisation process of the greywater at BCS. © The Authors, published by EDP Sciences.