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    Antimicrobial Properties of Colostrum and Milk
    (Mdpi, 2024) Eker, Furkan; Akdasci, Emir; Duman, Hatice; Yalcintas, Yalcin Mert; Canbolat, Ahmet Alperen; Kalkan, Arda Erkan; Karav, Sercan
    The growing number of antibiotic resistance genes is putting a strain on the ecosystem and harming human health. In addition, consumers have developed a cautious attitude towards chemical preservatives. Colostrum and milk are excellent sources of antibacterial components that help to strengthen the immunity of the offspring and accelerate the maturation of the immune system. It is possible to study these important defenses of milk and colostrum, such as lactoferrin, lysozyme, immunoglobulins, oligosaccharides, etc., as biotherapeutic agents for the prevention and treatment of numerous infections caused by microbes. Each of these components has different mechanisms and interactions in various places. The compound's mechanisms of action determine where the antibacterial activity appears. The activation of the antibacterial activity of milk and colostrum compounds can start in the infant's mouth during lactation and continue in the gastrointestinal regions. These antibacterial properties possess potential for therapeutic uses. In order to discover new perspectives and methods for the treatment of bacterial infections, additional investigations of the mechanisms of action and potential complexes are required.
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    Exploring the impact of colostrum supplementation on athletes: a comprehensive analysis of clinical trials and diverse properties
    (Frontiers Media Sa, 2024) Yalcintas, Yalcin Mert; Baydemir, Baris; Duman, Hatice; Eker, Furkan; Bayraktar Bicen, Ayse; Erturk, Melih; Karav, Sercan
    Colostrum, an invaluable food produced by mammals during the postnatal period, contains important bioactive components. It is a valuable therapeutic substance that can be used to treat a variety of disorders, in addition to its primary function of providing passive immunity to newborns. Undoubtedly, a strong dedication to intense effort and demanding training schedules is necessary to succeed in today's sports environment. Peak physical fitness, strategic skill development, and mental toughness are highly valued in the environments in which athletes compete. However, the inherent difficulties brought about by athletes' intense schedules are matched with the demanding character of modern sports. The intensity of athletic activity frequently provides little time for sufficient relaxation, nutritional preparation, and overall recovery, which can contribute to mental and physical tiredness. Athletes need to develop all-encompassing strategies to overcome these obstacles. These strategies should prioritize self-care and recovery in addition to maximizing training efficiency. The bioactive components of colostrum bring forth various therapeutic effects against the challenges experienced by athletes; including diarrhea, upper respiratory tract infections, muscle injuries, intestinal disorders, etc. This review examined the different therapeutic effects of the bioactive components of colostrum on athletes, the effect of the use of colostrum as a whole on the performance of athletes, and the clinical research conducted in this field. While the majority of studies report positive effects of colostrum, further research is needed.
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    Revealing the Potency of Growth Factors in Bovine Colostrum
    (Mdpi, 2024) Yalcintas, Yalcin Mert; Duman, Hatice; Lopez, Jose M. Miranda; Portocarrero, Alicia C. Mondragon; Lombardo, Mauro; Khallouki, Farid; Koch, Wojciech
    Colostrum is a nutritious milk synthesized by mammals during the postpartum period, and its rich bioactive components has led to a global increase in the consumption of bovine colostrum as a supplement. Bovine colostrum contains key components such as immunoglobulins, oligosaccharides, lactoferrin and lysozyme. It is a special supplement source due to its natural, high bioavailability and high concentrations of growth factors. Growth factors are critical to many physiological functions, and considering its presence in the colostrum, further research must be conducted on its safe application in many bodily disorders. Growth factors contribute to wound healing, muscle and bone development, and supporting growth in children. Additionally, the molecular mechanisms have been explored, highlighting the growth factors roles in cell proliferation, tissue regeneration, and the regulation of immune responses. These findings are crucial for understanding the potential health effects of bovine colostrum, ensuring its safe use, and forming a basis for future clinical applications. This review article examines the growth factors concentration in bovine colostrum, their benefits, clinical studies, and molecular mechanisms.
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    Role of bovine colostrum against various diseases
    (Elsevier, 2024) Yalcintas, Yalcin Mert; Duman, Hatice; Rocha, Joao Miguel; Bartkiene, Elena; Karav, Sercan; Ozogul, Fatih
    Colostrum refers to the initial milk that mammals generate following childbirth, and it possesses rich nutritional value. Due to its bioactive components (such as lactoferrin, lactoperoxidase, and immunoglobulins), colostrum actively contributes to various positive immune functions and specific cellular processes within the consumer's body. In clinical applications, research has shown that the immunoglobulins found in colostrum support the immune system, playing key roles in cell growth and development. Growth factors also contribute to various processes, including wound healing and metabolic functions. Lactoferrin and lactoperoxidase support the body's immunity, while another bioactive component, functional oligosaccharides, selectively promote growth in the microbiome. Additionally, nucleotide monophosphates play crucial roles in numerous vital physiological functions, including the synthesis of proteins, lipids, and carbohydrates. The supplementation of colostrum has shown promising results in combating various diseases caused by different pathogens, such as gastrointestinal infections, diarrhea, gut-barrier diseases, and inflammatory bowel disease. Based on reports of these clinical applications, the effects of colostrum against various diseases have been observed. Further research may reveal different therapeutic effects of colostrum on different diseases. By exploring the clinical applications of colostrum supplementation and the mechanisms of action of its bioactive components against specific diseases, this review highlights the potential of colostrum as a therapeutic agent and provides insights into its multifaceted effects.